10 Cal. 227 | Cal. | 1858
Terry, C. J., concurring.
The plaintiff commenced his suit by attachment, and seized certain goods and chattels of defendants. The intervenors also sued in attachment, and levied their writ upon the same goods; and then intervened, upon the ground that the claim of plaintiff was fraudulent as against creditors. The plaintiff had judgment in the Court below, and the intervenors appealed.
It is objected, by the learned counsel for the plaintiff, that Garrison and others could not intervene in this suit. But it is unnecessary to examine that question, as the objection was not raised in the Court below. The intervention was filed; and the plaintiff answered, simply denying the allegations contained therein. The parties went to trial upon the issues made, and it is now too late to object, for the first time, that the proper mode of proceeding was not adopted by the intervenors. The facts alleged, if true, entitle the intervenors to relief in some form; and if the plaintiff had any objection to the mere form of the proceeding, he should have made the objection at the proper time.
Having disposed of this objection, we come to the merits of the controversy. The note upon which plaintiff predicated his suit, was for the sum of $25,912 50; and was executed on the fifteenth or sixteenth of June, 1857, but ante-dated to the fourth of June, and drawing interest, from date, at the rate of two and. one-half j>er cent, per month until paid. The entire consideration for which the note was given, was composed of eight distinct items, three of which, amounting to about $12,000, were due July 3, 1857, and the other five were due June 19, 1857, and no portion of these items was drawing any interest. At the time the note was given, the plaintiff was expressly informed that the defendants were insolvent, and that other attachments would be issued in a few days.
The Court instructed the jury, in part, as follows :
“ Including the interest in the note did not destroy its validity, but it would be good to the extent of the money due thereon, for sales, and amounts paid by plaintiff upon his endorsements; if any part of the note was added to the amount due plaintiff, and included in it, with the intent of benefiting defendants, or hindering or delaying creditors, it would render the entire note void.”
In the case of Taaffe v. Josephson, (7 Cal. R., 352,) we had occasion to examine the questions arising in the present case.
In this case, it was only necessary to determine two questions : First, was there any consideration for the interest, secured to be paid by this note ? If there was no legal consideration for this interest, and the note should be enforced according to its terms, it would unjustly take from the other creditors, and give to plaintiff the amount. Second, was this result knowingly intended by the plaintiff?
In regard to the first question, the proof is conclusive. The plaintiff himself was examined as a witness by the intervenors, and Mr. Hugg, one of the defendants, was examined as a witness for the plaintiff, and from their testimony, it was clear that the entire consideration for which the note was given was composed of certain known and specified items, not one of which was duo, and not one of which drew interest. And, as to the second question, we can not see how there could exist a doubt. If we take it to be true, for the sake of the argument only, that the plaintiff intended to collect this interest, knowing at the time that none of the demands he held against the plaintiff drew interest, and, therefore, that he was not entitled to any, it is difficult to conceive how the intervenors could more conclusively prove the fact of such intention than they did by the testimony of the plaintiff himself, and the defendant Hugg. The eight different items, constituting together the entire principal sum for which the note was given, were clearly known to plaintiff, who added them together, and himself drew the note. It must have
It must be conceded that the plaintiff, in his testimony, stated the facts very fairly and correctly. There seems to have been no intention, on his part, to evade the truth. His mistake was in supposing that the law would justify him in taking a note bearing interest in substitution for debts that bore none. His mistake seems one of law, and not of fact. But the law is inflexible that this is no excuse.
The proof in this case was so very clear, that the jury must have been misled by the instructions of the Court. The Court instructed them positively that “ including the interest in the note did not destroy its validity, but it would be good to the extent of the money due thereon, for sales and amounts paid by plaintiff upon his endorsements.” What follows after this, in the instruction given, is not sufficiently clear to qualify the principle previously stated, in terms as strong and without exception.
It is unnecessary to decide the other points discussed by counsel.
Judgment reversed, and cause remanded for further proceedings.