135 N.Y. 551 | NY | 1892
This action is to enforce the payment of the sum secured in a policy of insurance, issued by the defendant to the plaintiffs' intestate on July 23, 1884. By its terms the defendant promised to pay to the assured, or to his legal representatives, the sum of $10,000, within ninety days after satisfactory proof of his death, "provided such death shall occur before 12 o'clock noon on the 23d day of July, 1885." Defendant further promised "to renew and extend this insurance during each successive year from the date thereof, upon condition that the assured shall pay, on or before the twenty-third day of July in each successive year during the continuance of the contract, the mortuary premium, ____, and also an expense charge of three dollars on each $1,000 insured therein; the payment of said annual mortuary premium and the annual expense charge being the consideration for the continuance of the insurance in each successive year," etc.
It is plain that this policy was a contract for an insurance for the term of one year only, providing, however, by its terms, for its renewal for successive years upon compliance by the assured with the conditions named. Renewals were effected during the years 1885, 1886 and 1887, but the assured failed to make those payments on July 23, 1888, which were *554 required in order to extend his policy over another year, and he died in November following. His administrators have rested, and must rest, their right to a recovery upon the proposition that the defendant did not give to the assured the form of notice prescribed by a statute of this state as a prerequisite to the right to declare a policy of life insurance forfeited.
The defendant, in support of its appeal from the judgment which the plaintiffs have succeeded in recovering, presents two grounds. It denies that the statute in question applies to such a policy, and it insists that, if it does, the notice, which was in fact given to the assured, was sufficient. That statute (being chapter 321 of the Laws of 1877, amending chapter 341 of the Laws of 1876) provides that "No life insurance company doing business in this state shall have power to declare forfeited or lapsed any policy hereafter issued or renewed by reason of nonpayment of any annual premium or interest, or any portion thereof, except as hereinafter provided. Whenever any premium or interest due upon any such policy shall remain unpaid when due, a written or printed notice stating the amount of such premium or interest due on said policy, the place where said premium or interest should be paid, and the person to whom the same is payable, shall be duly addressed and mailed to the person whose life is assured." Omitting the description of the part of the notice for the payment of an unpaid premium, and declaring a forfeiture if the notice is not complied with, the final proviso reads: "Provided, however, that if a notice stating when the premium will fall due, and that if not paid the policy and all payments thereon will become forfeited and void, served in the manner hereinbefore provided, at least 30 and not more than 60 days prior to the day when the premium is payable, shall have the same effect as the service of the notice hereinbefore provided for."
Upon the construction of this statute the appellants' counsel has made an elaborate argument, to the effect that it cannot be applicable to this kind of a contract. With much ability he has analyzed its provisions and insists that they must refer, by force of the language used, to the ordinary policy of insurance, *555 which is to be kept in force, until the happening of the event assured against, by regular payments, annually, or at short stated periods. In the continuance of such a policy the assured has a vested interest; by reason of the fact that his annual payments are calculated and fixed at amounts to cover more than a risk from year to year and go to form a reserve, or accumulated fund, to be offset against insurance in after years and which will enable the insurer to make eventual payments. The learned counsel argues that the mischief to be remedied by this statute is the forfeiture of such a vested interest; whereas, in this policy, the insurance agreement is for a term of one year; the payment was for such a risk and it constituted no consideration for any insurance beyond the expiration of the term.
The question is an interesting one and its solution might not be free from difficulty; but, inasmuch as the appellant must succeed upon the second ground advanced, we do not think it necessary to pass upon the question. We should hesitate to call in question the applicability of the statute to any class of life insurance policies. It was intended to and, undoubtedly, does subserve a useful purpose, in throwing about the contract between the insurer and the assured reasonable safeguards against a forfeiture or the lapsing of the interest of the assured. But we fail to perceive that any substantial requisite was wanting in the notice which the company gave to the assured. The notice was seasonably mailed and stated that "the premium, as stated below, on your policy No. 13,302 in this society will become due and payable at this office on the 23d day of July, 1888. In order to continue and extend the insurance it will be necessary that the payments required for that purpose shall be paid on or before the date above mentioned as stipulated in the policy contract." Then follow statements of the place where, and the persons to whom payments may be made and of the amounts making up a net amount to be paid. This notice would seem to be very definite in its statements; but the respondents say, and the court below has thought, that it is not in conformity with the provisions of the *556
statute, for not literally following the statutory language. In support of this, they cite Phelan v. Northwestern Mutual LifeInsurance Co. (
For these reasons we conclude that it was error for the court below to order judgment for the plaintiffs on the verdict.
The order of the General Term and the judgment entered thereon should be reversed and a new trial ordered, with costs to abide the event.
All concur, except ANDREWS, J., not sitting.
Judgment accordingly.