McCarty v. City or Atlanta

121 Ga. 365 | Ga. | 1904

Lamar, J.

1. The defendant admitted that he owned the bar. His defense was that it was not kept open after prohibited hours for the purpose of selling liquor, but that the door had been then opened in order that he and his employee might enter and discuss business with the bar-tender in charge. This was enough to show that the place was not a “blind tiger” conducted even in the daytime in violation of law. Prima facie the place.belonged to the class to which the ordinance applied, without further proof that the defendant had a liquor license. Besides, the petition for certiorari showed that he did have a license. The defendant .assigned as error that the recorder, in imposing a fine, declared that the defendant’s license as a retail liquor dealer was forfeited, and to this judgment and decision petitioner excepted.

2. If once excuses were admitted for keeping open such places upon prohibited days or after prohibited hours, the law would be practically nullified. It would rarely be possible for the State or city to meet the excuse, or to show that the place liad been opened for an unlawful purpo.se. The fact furnishing the excuse and the illegal act after the innocent entry would so often be blended that they could not; be separated. The opening absolutely prohibited by law would be legalized by the motive with which the prohibited act was done. As here, it could be said that the beer or whisky was given and not sold, or that the business intended to be conducted or actually conducted was not the sale of drinks. If such an excuse could be given in one case, it could be in others; and the issue on each trial would be diverted, from the question as to whether the place had been opened at an unlawful hour, into a consideration of the question as to whether it had been opened for an innocent purpose. It is manifest that any such construction would in effect repeal the law, and be utterly subversive of the very policy on which it was enacted. Hence all of the decisions of this State are based upon the idea that opening during the prohibited period is the gist of the offense, and that if the place be opened but for a moment the statute is violated. The court will not enter on an investigation as to the motive or purpose which actuated the owner in opening and entering. Monses v. State, 78 Ga. 110. Indeed it would be hard to find any statute which has been so rigidly and strictly construed as Penal Code, § 390, against keeping open a tippling-house on the Sabbath. The ordinance here uses the same term, “keep open.” The same policy underlies it that underlies the statute. The language is substantially the same, and so must be the construction. In fact it is fair to presume that the same words were used in order to secure the same construction. The ordinance does not .appear to be unreasonable, but rather is in pursuance of a public policy within the limits of the police power. This, of course, is especially true where the license is accepted in the light of the ordinance. There is a manifest difference in the rules of construction to be applied to an ordinance like this and to an ordinance relating to a class of business like that referred to in Wright v. Forsyth, 13 6 Ga. 799.

We find no error in the refusal to sustain the certiorari. It appears that the recorder stated that in his opinion the effect of the judgment would be to revoke the defendant’s license, but that was not a part of the sentence. The effect on the license is not involved in this proceeding, nor is there in this record anything to show the existence of an ordinance in the City of Atlanta on that subject. Judgment affirmed.

All the Jiostiees concur.