History
  • No items yet
midpage
87 Ga. App. 719
Ga. Ct. App.
1953
Sutton, C. J.

1. The defendant contends, and cites some outside authorities in support of its contentions, that the maintenance of streets is and was at common law a governmentаl function of a municipality; that a city’s liability for negligence in failing to repair or rеmove defects or obstructions in its streets is imposed by a statute (Code, § 69-303) which is in derogation of the common law; and that such statutory liability cannot be extended to cover injuries caused by the negligence of the city’s employees engaged in making street repairs or improvements when such negligence does not result in a defective condition of the street.

*723 However, the law is well settled in this State “that a municipаl corporation is bound to keep its streets and sidewalks in a reasonably safe condition for travel ‍​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‍in the ordinary modes, by night as well as by day; and if it fail to do so, it is liable for damages for injuries sustained in consequence of such failure.” Brown v. Mayor &c. of Milledgeville, 20 Ga. App. 392 (1) (93 S. E. 25). It seems that the liability of a municipality for failure to keep its streets and sidewalks in repair existed at сommon law, for Code § 69-303 was taken from the decision of our Supreme Court in Mayor &c. of Montezuma v. Wilson, 82 Ga. 206 (9 S. E. 17), which, as stated in Hammock v. City Council of Augusta, 83 Ga. App. 217, 218 (63 S. E. 2d, 290), “was a statement of the Supreme Court’s conception of the common law at that timе, but the principle ‍​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‍had already been stated in previous decisions. [Citations.]” It is alsо stated in the Hammock case that Code § 69-303 “is not in derogation of the common law, but is a cоdification of a common law principle as announced by our Supreme Cоurt.” In this connection, see also Parker v. Mayor &c. of Macon, 39 Ga. 725 (99 Am. D. 486); Mayor &c. of Atlanta v. Perdue, 53 Ga. 607; Chapman v. Mayor &c. of Macon, 55 Ga. 566; City of Greensboro v. McGibbony, 93 Ga. 672 (20 S. E. 37),

It has also been held that a municipal corporation’s function of keeping its streets in safe condition for travel is ministerial, ‍​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‍and that the city is liable for its negligence in performing improperly or in failing to perform such duties. Mayor &c. of Savannah v. Jones, 149 Ga. 139 (99 S. E. 294); Mayor &c. of Milledgeville v. Holloway, 32 Ga. App. 734 (124 S. E. 802); Hammock v. City Council of Augusta, 83 Ga. App. 217, supra. In each of those cases, the negligence of the city was such аs to affect some condition of the street or sidewalk which brought about an injury, but we sеe no reason to- make a distinction in the present case, where the alleged negligence of the city’s employees occurred while they were engаged in the performance of a ministerial function of the city and where, instead оf causing the injury and death of the plaintiff’s daughter indirectly by means of an obstruction or а defective condition of the street, it caused the injury directly.

It is further contended by the defendant that the repair or *724 improvement of thе street as alleged in the present case was for the protection of health by filling a place where water stood in the street, and was therefore done in the exercise of a governmental function. However, it is alleged that the holе had been brought about by the defendant’s scraping and grading of the' street on the samе day, when the old fill was ‍​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‍removed and had to be replaced. It does not apрear that water ever stood in the hole or low place, or became stagnant and a menace to health. The truck which struck the plaintiff’s daughter was being used in the performance of a ministerial function by the defendant, and therefore thе alleged grounds of the defendant’s liability in this respect are sufficient.

2. It is also argued that the petition fails to show any negligence on the part of the defendant city or its servants. It is alleged in the petition that the plaintiff’s daughter was in plain view of Poolе, the driver of the truck, and of Lubeck, who motioned Poole to come ahead and make a left turn into Delaware Avenue, and that there was nothing to prevent thеm from seeing her as she went diagonally across the intersection. Whether, in the exеrcise of ordinary care, the defendant’s employees should have seen thе plaintiff’s daughter and stopped the truck before striking her was a question to be submitted tо a jury. Such questions of negligence and proximate cause are ordinarily for a jury, except in plain and undisputable eases. The petition shows that the plaintiff's daughter was proceeding from the truck driver’s right across the intersection in front of him, but it does not appear that he could not have seen her, or that Lubeck could nоt have seen her, and so it is for a jury to say whether they should have seen her, had they been in ‍​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‍the exercise of ordinary care.

3. The petition set out a cause of action, and it was not error to overrule the general demurrer thereto.

Judgment affirmed.

Felton and Worrill, JJ., concur.

Case Details

Case Name: Mayor &C. of Savannah v. Johns
Court Name: Court of Appeals of Georgia
Date Published: Feb 14, 1953
Citations: 87 Ga. App. 719; 75 S.E.2d 342; 1953 Ga. App. LEXIS 838; 34371
Docket Number: 34371
Court Abbreviation: Ga. Ct. App.
AI-generated responses must be verified and are not legal advice.
Log In