150 N.E. 127 | NY | 1925
On June 3, 1920, Joseph Perino was killed while painting a building owned by his employer. He left him surviving a dependent father and mother residing in Italy. The claim of the father made under the Workmen's Compensation Law (Cons. Laws, chap. 67) was allowed and an award to him made on November 10, 1922. Before the award was actually made the father had died. Upon proof of that fact this award was rescinded and a new award made to the dependent mother who had also filed a claim after her son's death. The decision provided that "award is hereby made to the mother from the date of death to the date of this hearing (11/26/23) and to be paid in full; future payments to be commuted under section 17. Money to be paid through the United States Department of State * * *. The employer is directed to pay at once $1,308.61 from the date of death to 11/26/23 for 181 1/2 weeks at $7.21 per week. This department to get *315 the actuarial value of the future payments under section 17." On January 24, 1924, the State Fund sent to the Secretary of State at Washington, $1,308.61 to be paid to the claimant through the American Consul at Rome. On March 5, 1924, the Industrial Board made a new decision which provided that: "Direction as to commutation of the amount due under section 17 is modified and changed to read that the commutation shall be made under Rule 30 of the Commission * * *. The present value is $734.89 as of 6/3/20 assuming that an advanced payment of $1,308.61 was made as of 1/3/24." The claimant has appealed from this decision in so far as it modifies the previous award.
Section
Rule 30 of the Commission (referred to in the modified award) provides that "the actuary shall make his computations as of the date the lump sum is awarded by the Industrial Board or its authorized representative, except *316
that in lump sum settlements under section 17 the computation shall be made as of the date of the death of the injured employee in so far as such computation applies to dependents who were not residents of the United States or of Canada at the time of such death." Though section
Obviously the Legislature must have intended by the use of the term "future installments" to indicate that there might also be past installments. The award in this case has been sustained in the court below upon the ground that there is no debt or obligation to pay compensation upon a contested claim until award is made and that at the time a debt or obligation arises it can by its nature include only future installments though in fact it may embrace compensation for a period that has elapsed; and, therefore, that at the same time an award is made for compensation dating from the death of an injured employee, the Industrial Commission may commute the entire compensation from the same date. Without passing upon the question whether even under such construction the Commission would be authorized to provide for commutation of compensation computed from the death of the injured employee by modification of an earlier award after some installments of compensation directed therein were actually paid, we have decided *317 that the construction of the Appellate Division unduly restricts the words "future installments." Though obligation to pay an award upon a contested claim becomes enforcible only after the award has been made, liability for compensation becomes fixed when the injury occurs and the Commission thereafter merely determines the facts upon which the conclusion of the existence of the liability must rest. It does not create a debt or obligation; it decides whether an obligation is imposed by law under the particular circumstances proven. Though payment of the compensation may not be enforced before the award, the right to the payment of compensation "periodically * * * and in like manner as wages" exists. (Section 25.) It seems to us clear that the Legislature contemplated that each periodic payment to which the injured employee or a dependent might prove valid claim constitutes an installment of compensation and that by section 17 of the statute it conferred upon the Commission power to commute only such installments as might accrue periodically thereafter. An award which covers a period already passed is itself an adjudication that the right to compensation for that period had already accrued and the amount thereof may not be regarded as "future installments" of compensation.
For these reasons the order of the Appellate Division and the award of the Industrial Commission should be reversed, with costs in this court and in the Appellate Division, and proceedings remitted to the Commission to proceed in accordance with this opinion.
HISCOCK, Ch. J., CARDOZO, POUND, McLAUGHLIN, CRANE and ANDREWS, JJ., concur.
Order reversed, etc. *318