131 N.Y.S. 1045 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1911
The defendant is a duly organized and incorporated national bank located at North Tonawanda, and on the twenty-ninth day of July, on the deposit with it of the sum of $6,900, issued its certificate of deposit of which the following is a copy:
“'$6900.00
“ The State National Bank
“North Tonawanda, N. Y.
“Jul. 29,1910.
“Alfred and Anna Martz has (sic.) deposited in this Bank sixty-nine hundred and no/100 Dollars payable to. the order of themselves in current funds, on the return of this certificate properly endorsed. In case this amount shall remain on deposit for a period of 6 months, interest on the same shall be allowed at the rate of 4 per cent per annum, but no more than six months interest shall in any event be paid on this certificate.
“Int. from July 5, 1910.
“Not over Seven Thousand $7000$
“No. 13465. H. W. CLARKE, Cashier.”
Plaintiff’s action is upon this certificate; and further material facts alleged in her complaint are.: that prior to the issuing of said certificate she had deposited with the defendant the sum of $1,800, of which she was then the owner, to the credit of plaintiff and her husband, the said Alfred Martz, in the name of Alfred and Anna Martz, for the sole purpose of creating the right of survivorship in and to said moneys; that thereafter and on or*about the 29th day of July, 1910, the plaintiff and her said husband withdrew from said deposit the sum of $6,900 thereof and caused said defendant to issue therefor on that day the certificate above set forth for the purpose of creating and continuing in the plaintiff and her said husband the right of survivorship in and to said sum; that thereafter and on or about August 6, 1910, and while said marriage relation' between the plaintiff and her husband, the said Alfred Martz, still existed, her husband died intestate leaving plaintiff him surviving; that thereafter and on or about January 24, 19,11, plaintiff indorsed said certificate in her own name and for the purpose of obtaining the moneys represented
We are of the opinion that the court improperly sustained the demurrer.
On the facts stated in the complaint, plaintiff, as survivor of the two payees named therein, became, on the death of her husband, the other, payee, the owner of the certificate of deposit and the estate of her deceased husband had.no interest therein, nor in the moneys which the certificate represented. (West v. McCullough, 123 App. Div. 846; affd., 194 N. Y. 518.) This seems to be conceded by defendant; but it is insisted in-its behalf that, as stated in the certificate, it has agreed to.pay the sum represented thereby only “ on the return of this certificate properly endorsed;” and the statute (Neg. Inst. Law [Consol. Laws, chap. 38; Laws of 1909, chap. 43], § 71) prescribing, as did the common law before it, that “ where an instrument is payable to the order of two or more payees or indorsees who are not partners, all must indorse, unless the one indorsing has authority to indorse for the others,” the indorsement of the personal representative of the deceased payee is necessary to comply with the specified condition upon which the bank agreed to. pay the certificate. But a negotiable instrument may be transferred without indorsement, and the transferee become its owner, and maintain an action thereon in his own name, it being, however, in such case subject to all the equities and defenses which the debtor had at the time of the transfer against the claim in the hands of the previous holder. (Goshen National Bank v. Bingham, 118 N. Y. 349. See, also, Neg. Inst. Law, § 79.) That a certificate of deposit, payable as this was to the order of the depositor on the return of the certificate properly indorsed, may be transferred by the
All concurred.
Interlocutory judgment reversed, with costs, and demurrer overruled, with costs, with leave to the defendant to answer within twenty days, upon payment of the costs of the demurrer and of this appeal.