60 Mo. 508 | Mo. | 1875
delivered the opinion of the court.
The plaintiff bases 1-iis complaint on several alleged breaches of contract on the part of defendant, consisting in a failure and refusal to-receive and carry plaintiff from its old depot in the town .of Savannah to other points oii its road; and consisting also in a like failure and refusal to carry him from other points on its road to such old depot, whereby plaintiff, to his damage, was compelled either to walk, or pay omnibus fare to, and from the new depot,'a half mile distant from the old one, where the tickets were sold.
. The evidence showed that plaintiff, at the time of purchasing the several tickets, was aware of the fact that defendant-, after the removal of its track between Savannah and St. Joseph had discontinued the use of its old depot at the former place, except for the receipt and discharge of freight; and had been accustomed, since laying another track, to both receive and discharge passengers, at its new depot.
Under such circumstances, the knowledge of the plaintiff as to the interpretation of the contract by the defendant, and of its regulations in conformity with such interpretation, must be regarded as entering into and forming part and parcel of that contract, if we are to give heed to numerous adjudica
Nor was it material, that the defendant’s trains had been running only a few weeks, and since the change of their track, from their new depot, as the true test in all these cases, is, that the usage, of however recent date, has existed uniformly and for a sufficient length of time, to raise the presumption that the contract was made in reference to it. (Smith vs. Wright, 1 Caines, 43; 2 Pars. Contr., 540, 542.)
But in this case there is no room for speculation or controversy as to the intention of the contracting parties; for the testimony plainly shows that plaintiff had full knowledge of the manner in which defendant had been accustomed to run its trains since laying the new track, and therefore, made his contract with the defendant with his eyes open, and in full possession of the meaning that contract was designed to import.
As to whether the defendant has been guilty of a violation of statutory requirements in failing to retain its old depot at Savannah, as the point of departure and arrival of its passenger trains, is a question which cannot be raised in this collateral method of procedure. (Shewalter vs. Pirner, 55 Mo., 218, and cas. cit.; Land vs. Coffman, 50 Mo., 243; Chambers vs. City of St. Louis, 29 Mo., 576.) And the only exception to this rule which prohibits collateral inquiry by a private citizen into the supposed illegal acts of a corporation, is where expressive legislative permission is granted therefor. (N. M. R. R. Co. vs. Winkler, 33 Mo., 354; Christian University vs. Jordan, 29 Mo., 71.)
Judgment affirmed ;