181 Iowa 350 | Iowa | 1917
“You (meaning Ed Martens) had better take that damn bitch, that bobtail bitch of a woman of yours to the hospital again and have two or three more kids taken away from her, as was done before her marriage,” — meaning thereby to imply that plaintiff had not been a virtuous woman prior to her marriage to her then husband, etc. And that plaintiff suffered thereby great distress of mind, humiliation and disgrace, and suffered in her good name and reputation with her neighbors and acquaintances, and was damaged, thereby in the sum of $12,000, etc. She also alleges that, on another occasion, the defendant, speaking of her to one L. O. Hohse and one Jennie Hohse, said: “She, Matie Martens (mean ing the plaintiff], was not a virtuous woman before her marriage and had three illegitimate children before her mar*352 riage to her present husband,” — meaning thereby to charge .of and concerning the plaintiff that, before her marriage, she had been unchaste, and had had sexual intercourse with other men. The answer is a denial of the alleged slander. A further plea of privilege was stricken out on motion of plaintiff. The issues were tried and submitted to a jury, which returned a verdict in favor of plaintiff for $600. Defendant’s motion for new trial was overruled, and he appeals.
• I. The evidence in plaintiff’s behalf as to the language used by defendant in speaking of her to her husband is more or less vague and involved, a condition of the record which is due to some extent to the fact that the parties and witnesses on both sides are Germans, who, though rrpeakmg the English language, have quite imperfect command of it, and not infrequently their answers indicate lack of complete comprehension of the inquiries of counsel; but we think it fairly tends to sustain the allegations of the petition. Plaintiff’s husband, as a witness, first stated his version of the words spoken to him by the defendant as follows:
“He says to me, ‘You had better take that damned old bitch of a woman back to the hospital and get two or three kids taken away from her.’ I sa.ys, ‘Gan you prove it?’ and he says, ‘Yes, I can; John was there and he knows it,’ and he said, ‘John was there and he knows,’ and I said to him, ‘You are framing up that you will have to prove.’ He says, ‘Get you a lawyer and I will show you,’ and I walked away. That was the conversation that day.”
Again, he says:
“Yes, I forgot another little thing in there, ‘That God damned old bobtail,’ is what he called her, that comes in there where he said, ‘You had better take that God damned old bitch, that God damned old bobtailed bitch back to the hospital and get two or three more kids taken away from her.’ ”
The defendant argues that these words, even if spoken
“Q. Well, you say that he said it was before your wife was married that these kids had been taken away from her; now just tell where that came in and how it was said, that part of the answer; or did he say it was before she was married? A. Yes, sir, he said it was before she was married.”
It was true that this witness was, upon cross-examination, led into more or less contradictory and inconsistent statements having legitimate tendency to discredit him, but his credibility was a question for the jury alone. The witness L. C. Holise, speaking of the words charged to have been spoken by defendant to him concerning the plaintiff, testifies:
“Well, all he said was that she had children before she was married. I can’t remember how he said it; that was too long ago. All I know is that he mentioned that she had children before she was married, and he called her a bobtail.”
III. Error is assigned upon the giving of certain instructions, but, as no exception was taken thereto in the manner prescribed by statute, at or before the time when the jury was charged, the errors, if any therein, must be deemed waived.
IV. The defendant moved for a directed verdict in his favor; on the ground that there was no testimony on which a verdict could be sustained, and has assigned error on the refusal of this motion. For reasons already stated, the ruling must be sustained.
“The question of the plaintiff’s character for virtue and chastity is not in this case. A verdict for the plaintiff would not prove that she was a virtuous or chaste woman, and a verdict for the defendant would he no evidence that she was impure or unchaste. The only things to be considered by you are: Did the defendant speak the words the plaintiff charges him with, and what damage has plaintiff sustained ?”
Modifying it somewhat in form, the court gave the instruction as follows:
“The real character of the plaintiff for virtue and chastity is not an issue in this case. A verdict for the plaintiff would not prove that she was a virtuous or chaste woman, and a verdict for the defendant would be no evidence that she was impure or unchaste. The only things to be considered by you are: Did the defendant speak the words, or substantially the words, charged by the plaintiff? And if you so find by a preponderance of the evidence, then what damage, if any, has the plaintiff sustained?”
Practically the only material change made in the form of the instruction as asked was in the insertion of the phrase, “or substantially the words,” where they appear in the last sentence of the paragraph. It thus appears that the defendant, adopting the theory .that the record presented a case for the jury, asked the court to charge that the one issue to be considered was whether defendant did or did not speak the alleged slanderous words, and if so, to determine the amount of plaintiff’s damages. Acquiescing in that theory, the court did so instruct, and no error can be successfully assigned upon the ground that no case for the jury was presented, or that the speaking of the alleged words did
The petition does not in terms aver that the words were spoken in English, but such is the fair, if not the necessary, implication. But we think there was no evidence upon which the jury would be justified in finding that the words, if spoken at all, were in German. The defendant does not say they were in German, for he denies using the opprobrious words at all; while the plaintiff’s husband, the only other witness attempting to repeat the interview, says they were spoken in English. At one place in his testimony, while speaking of the quarrel in general terms, the witness does'say that the talk was partly in English and partly in German; but, when his attention was directed to the particular words of alleged slander, he says specifically that they were spoken in English; and, assuming that the jury found, as it evidently did find, that the slander was in fact uttered as charged, there could be no finding or proper inference that it was spoken in the German tongue. The assignment of error must be overruled.
Appellant has brought into the record very considerable portions of the examination, questions and answers, to illustrate the point so made. We shall not extend this opinion for their reproduction. It must be admitted that plaintiff’s counsel were given a wide margin of liberty in this examination, and at times its permission came perilously near the boundary line between sound ■ judicial discretion, and its abuse; but the circumstances were such that we do not feel justified in holding that this boundary was actually transgressed. The witness, as we have before noted, was evidently a man of foreign birth, and had acquired but very imperfect mastery of the language of his adopted country; and this handicap, emphasized by an evidently sluggish mental equipment, made his examination'one of real difficulty. To get anywhere with such a witness, a degree of leading is permissive which would be wholly out of place under other circumstances. It is a very rare occurrence where an appellate tribunal will order a reversal on such grounds, and we think such an exceptional case is not here presented.
Other points are made in argument, but all appear to be ruled by the conclusions hereinbefore stated. We find no reversible error in the record, and the judgment of the district court is — Affirmed.