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Margolis v. Wilson Oil Corporation
70 N.W.2d 811
Mich.
1955
Check Treatment
Dethmers, J.

Plaintiffs appeal from decree.dismissing their bill of complaint which prayed that defendants be enjoined from erecting a gasoline station on 3 adjoining lots in violation of building restrictions of record covеring the lots and subdivision in question.

i Defendant Wilson Oil Corporation, hereinafter called defendant, owns the 3 lоts; they front' pn James Couzens Highway. Intersecting that highway and running along one side of defendant’s lots is Robson avеnue. On it are a number of other lots, referred to in the'restrictions by lot number and so restricted t.o residential use. The restrictions permitted the erection of stores on all lots fronting on Couzens highway, but required that they should be not less than 2-story brick buildings with basements. Defendant’s projected building would not meet these requirements. Thе trial court found as ‍​​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍a fact, however, and the proofs establish.that they never have been cоmplied with from the very beginning insofar as building along Couzens highway in said subdivision is concerned. Testimony indicates that this wаs due in part to. the fact that shortly after platting the Couzens highway, was widened, leaving lots fronting thereon оnly 51 feet deep, materially changing the practical uses to which they could be put. The court found that'plaintiffs never had objected to the construction on Couzens highway of buildings in violation of restrictions, and that they are estopped to do so now, citing Cherry v. Board of Home Missions of Reformed Church in United States, 254 Mich 496. *603 In this the trial court was correct.- See, also, Borg man v. Markland, 318 Mich 676: Abandonment of restrictions- by permitted violations and resultant change of character of the neighborhood amounts to a waiver. Windemere-Grand Improvement & Protective Ass’n v. American State Bank of Highland Park, 205 Mich 539. The fact thаt restrictions applicable to residential lots not fronting on Couzens highway have not been abandоned is not controlling. Those are not the restrictions here in issue. Rather, it is the restrictions ‍​​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍applicаble to the lots fronting on Couzens highway that are involved. They alone applied to defendant’s lots. Tо the extent that they have been abandoned, defendant’s lots may not he burdened thereby.

Plaintiffs say that defendant’s plans provide for a side-street entrance into the gasoline station from Robson avenue, as well as a Couzens highway exit. They contend that this violates the restrictions which make Robson avenue residential in character. Cited is Tear v. Mosconi, 239 Mich 242, in which restrictions limited building on a named street to residences. This Court hеld that the owner of a lot fronting on an intersecting street on which stores were permitted could not build а store thereon fronting on the street limited to residences. The case is. not in point because the restrictions here do not prohibit the' erection of stores on Robson avenue, but, rather, the restriсtion to -residential' use is made applicable ‍​​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍to specific lots referred to by number. The fact that the lots so referred to include all those fronting on Robson avenue does not serve to limit to “residential” the use to -which defendant may put its lots inasmuch as the restrictions expressly permit the-use thereof for business purposes.' The restrictions contain no express prohibition against a side entrance to- defendant’s lots from Robson avenue/ None will be implied. In re Nordwood Estates Subd *604 ivision, 291 Mich 563; Kime v. Dunitz, 249 Mich 588; Grant v. Craigie, 292 Mich 658.

Plaintiffs point to the fact that, in addition tо the restrictions applicable to other lots fronting on Couzens highway, further provisions are made concerning 3 corner lots, including the lot of defendant at the corner of Couzens and Robson. These provisions are as follows:

“When any buildings are placed upon lots 1028, 1074, ‍​​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍1107 the rear of said lots abutting on Mortоn Court (now Robson avenue) or Avon or Beverly Crescent shall be built up with the same material and in such a manner as to make аs presentable and pleasing an appearance as the front of said buildings on Northwestern highway (now James Couzens highway). If no buildings are erected on the rear of said lots, then a continuous wall, with gate or door if desired, shall be placed thereon, and shall be ‍​​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍constructed of the same material as the front of said buildings or of such other material as shall first have been approved by said sellers.”

The back of defendant’s proposed building will extend to the rear of its lots but will not run all the way to Robson avenue. Plaintiffs construe the language of the restriction to mean that under such circumstances the wall mentioned therein must be constructed along Robson avenue for the entire length of defendant’s corner lot. The lot fronts on Couzens. Robson is the intersecting street which runs alongside that lot. Opposite the lot’s front line on Couzens is a linе at the back dividing the lot from a rear alley. Webster defines “rear” to be the opposite of “frоnt”. The rear line of the lot is the one opposite the front line on Couzens and not the line interseсting the front line of the lot and running as its side line along Robson. Webster also defines the word “abut” as meaning, amоng other things, to touch with a projecting point or to terminate at a *605 point of contact. In that sеnse the line which is clearly the lot’s rear line, running along the alley, abuts Robson avenue which it intersects. To give the word “abutting” the meaning that it refers to the lot’s side line dividing it from Robson avenue, as plaintiffs urge, would rendеr the word “rear” utterly meaningless and require reading into the language of the restrictions something which is not there.

Affirmed, with costs to defendants.

Carr, C. J., and Butzel, Smith, Sharpe, Boyles, Reid, and Kelly, J J., concurred.

Case Details

Case Name: Margolis v. Wilson Oil Corporation
Court Name: Michigan Supreme Court
Date Published: Jun 6, 1955
Citation: 70 N.W.2d 811
Docket Number: Docket 42, Calendar 46,406
Court Abbreviation: Mich.
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