185 Mich. 417 | Mich. | 1915
Plaintiff, a farmer living near Marine City, sold his crop of beans by sample, m.the fall of 1912, to the Michigan Farmers’ Elevator Company in Detroit, on the basis of $2 for 71 pounds. On November 19, 1912, he shipped them in 204 bags to the purchaser in Detroit, via the Rapid Railway and defendant’s line. The car arrived in defendant’s yards in Detroit on November 21st, and the consignee was notified the same day. The consignee paid the freight and ordered the car to be delivered to its elevator, which was situated on defendant’s line. Defendant neglected to deliver the car until the afternoon of November 30th. Upon inspection the beans were
The trial court in substance instructed the jury that, to entitle plaintiff to recover, they must first find that the delivery of the beans to the consignee had been unreasonably delayed by defendant, and that such delay was the proximate cause of the damage claimed, and in elaboration of the latter instruction he instructed them that, in order to entitle plaintiff to recover, they must find that the beans spoiled after a reasonable time had elapsed for the transportation of them; and that, if they spoiled during such reasonable time, the plaintiff was not entitled to recover. They were further instructed that, if they found that plaintiff was entitled to recover, he would be entitled to recover the contract price at Detroit at the time they should have been delivered.
Counsel are in substantial accord upon the proposition that, whether the action be tort or contract, the measure of damages for delay in transporting goods is the difference between the market value of the property at the time and place at which the delivery should have been made, and the same value when delivery was actually made, but their disagreement arises out of what elements enter into the market value. Defendant insists that, in arriving at market
The general rule has been stated as follows:
"Where there is a delay for which the carrier is liable, the measure of damages is the difference between the market value of the property at the time and place at which the delivery should have been made, and the same value when delivery was actually made, whether the difference ill value was the result of a decline in the market, or of an injury suffered by the goods in consequence of the delayed delivery.” 5 Am. & Eng. Enc. of Law (2d Ed.), p. '384,
The case of Weston v. Railway Co., 54 Me. 376 (92 Am. Dec. 552), quotes with approval the following:
“ ‘Then comes the other question, whether he is entitled to recover the difference between the value of the goods to him, if they had been delivered in proper time, and their value at the time when they were actually delivered. I am of the opinion that the consignee is entitled to recover such difference in value.’ ‘It is admitted,’ remarks Byles, J., in the same case, ‘that deterioration in quality is to be taken in account in estimating the damage the plaintiff has sustained; it is admitted also that loss or diminution in the quantity is to be taken into account.’ ”
See, also, Nettles v. Railroad Co., 7 Rich. Law Rep. (S. C.) 190, (62 Am. Dec. 409).
We think the foregoing is a proper statement of the general rule, and that the trial court was in no error in including the question of the deterioration of the property as an element of market value, as the proofs tended to show that the deterioration of the beans was caused after a reasonable time had elapsed for their transportation.
The further contention is made tnat the beans were
Counsel relies upon an English case to enforce his argument, on the question of notice. In that case a quantity of rags were consigned. The delivery was delayed two weeks beyond the usual time for delivery. The rags were damp when offered for shipment, and as a result of the delay they heated and rotted. The court held that no recovery could be had because the carrier had no notice that the rags were damp and liable to spoil. Baldwin & Co. v. Railway Co., Law Reports 9 Q.B.582. The difference between that case and the one under consideration lies in the fact that proof was made in this case that the injury to the beans occurred after a reasonable time had elapsed for their transportation. If this fact had not been
Inasmuch as the defendant retains the money for Which the beans were actually sold, and for the further reason that the contract price was the only evidence of market price at the place of delivery, we think the measure of damages directed by the trial court was correct.
The judgment will be affirmed.