283 Mass. 404 | Mass. | 1933
This is a petition by the surviving trustee under the will of Mary Pratt, late of Watertown, for instructions. The case was reserved at the request of the parties by a single justice of this court for the consideration and determination of the full court.
The testatrix died December 13,1881. By articles thirteen through seventeen of her will she left the income of one fifth of the residue of her property in trust for each of five nieces and nephews. The language of the five articles is identical excepting necessary changes in names and cross references and that in connection with the gift, article fourteen, for the benefit of Robert Marion Pratt, the provision for a life estate in his wife after his death was limited to “any wife of his who may be now a living person.” Each article provided in substance for a fund to be held in trust for a nephew or niece
One of the nephews of Mary Pratt was William Pratt, who married Anita Powell and died without issue March 25, 1893. His wife died February 28,1931. Instruction is asked concerning the disposition of i¡he principal of the share of the residue left to William and Anita during their lives by the thirteenth article of the will. The petitioner further asks to be instructed concerning the second and third codicils of the will, whereby the testatrix created a fund of $25,000, the income to be paid to certain annuitants and upon the death of the last survivor the principal sum to be transferred “in conformity with the residuary provisions of my said Will.” The last annuitant died October 8, 1928. The other four nephews and nieces of Mary Pratt were Arthur T. Lyman, Sarah P. Sears, Lydia W. Paine, and Eobert M. Pratt who “died on January 9, 1917, without issue, never having married.” The principal under article thirteen and the $25,000 fund under the two codicils were divided by the trustees, therefore, into three parts. One part was paid to the issue of Arthur T. Lyman, who died in 1915; four fifths of one third was paid to four of the five children of Sarah, P. Sears, who died in 1911; and four fifths of a third part was paid to four of the five children of Lydia W. Paine, who died in 1897. The trustee now asks for instructions as to the correct distribution of one fifth of Sarah P. Sears’s share and one fifth of Lydia W. Paine’s share in each fund. Mary P. Sears, one of the five children of Sarah P. Sears, died in February, 1928, without issue; and Edith Storer, one of the five children of Lydia W. Paine, died in 1924. Mary P. Sears and Edith Storer survived their parents but both died before the time for the distribution of the trust fund under article thirteen and the distribution of the $25,000 fund
It is the contention of the respondents Evelyn G. Sears, Francis P. Sears and Richard Sears, three of the children of Sarah P. Sears living October 8, 1928, and February 28, 1931, that two of the said fifth parts enuring under article sixteen should be paid to them and to the executor of the will of Annie L. Sears.
It is the contention of the executor of the will of Mary P. Sears, who died February 14, 1928, that the remaining one fifth of one third of the principal held under article thirteen and the remaining one fifth of one third of the trust held under the codicils should be paid to the estate of Mary P. Sears, she having survived her parents but having died prior to the death of Anita Pratt. This contention is based upon the fact that Sarah P. Sears survived William Pratt and left issue, and upon the inference that the proviso contained in articles thirteen through seventeen of the will indicated that in the mind of the testatrix the disposition of William Pratt’s share under article thirteen is fixed at his death, and not at the death of his wife, Anita; that the will expresses clearly that upon the event of the death of William Pratt without issue, the principal shall be paid over subject to the fife estate in his wife, in equal shares, to be administered under the provision of the other articles of the will, excepting any article in which the trust has terminated by reason of the life beneficiary dying without issue; and he submits that a portion of the William Pratt fund — that is one third — would pass to the beneficiaries under article sixteen, to be administered “upon the same trusts, for the same uses, purposes and intents, with the same rights, interest and estate, and subject to the same limitations and provisions as are mentioned, expressed and provided in the Sixteenth Article of this will”; that there is no question as to the rights or interest in respect to the original fund left in that article, and no question as to the persons entitled to take the principal of the fund; and that the persons to take the principal are the five children of Sarah P. Sears who survived their mother,
It is the contention of the respondents who are surviving issue of Edith Paine Storer, who died May 9,1924, intestate, that the fund originally held by the trustees for the benefit of William Pratt under article thirteen, and which by reason of his death, without issue, enured to article seventeen upon the death of William Pratt’s widow, was payable to the children and not to the administrator of Edith Paine Storer, and that the fund now held by the trustee which enured to article seventeen under article two of the second codicil and article one of the third codicil was payable upon the death of the last survivor of Elizabeth Whitney, on October 8, 1928, to the children of Edith Paine Storer. This contention rests upon the provision of article seventeen. of the will
It may be noted that the surviving children of Lydia Williams Paine have disclaimed any interest in the estate.
The respondent executor of the will of Annie L. Sears contends that the part of the fund now held by the petitioner under article sixteen of the will, coming from the fund created by the second and third codicils of said will should be paid over to him as executor aforesaid and to the respondents Evelyn G. Sears, Richard Sears and Francis P. Sears in equal shares, as also should the part of the fund now held by the petitioner under the thirteenth and sixteenth articles of the will.
We think the general construction of the will indicates the intention of the testatrix that the interests should vest and the classes should be determined as of the date of distribution. The proviso in each trust reads: “Provided, however, that if during the life of my said . . . [nephew or niece], any other nephew or niece, for whose benefit . . . [one of the other trusts was created] shall have deceased leaving no issue, then such fourth part aforesaid, as under the foregoing provisions of this Article would be paid over, transferred and conveyed to or for the benefit of such nephew or niece if living and his or her issue if there were any, shall be paid over, transferred, conveyed and distributed to and among the same persons, and in the same manner and to the same effect respectively as the other fourth parts aforesaid shall, by virtue of the foregoing provisions of this Article be paid over, transferred and conveyed. In case all my aforesaid nephews and nieces shall have deceased leaving no issue, the said trust estates and principal fund shall be held to the use of, and be paid over, transferred, con
The position of the four children of Sarah P. Sears who were living at the date of distribution and of the four children of Lydia W. Paine is that the effect of the proviso is to exclude the surviving wives and husbands of the nephews and nieces who have already died leaving no issue, and is an indication that the intent of the testatrix is that the issue of nephews and nieces and only those living at the time of distribution shall take. When the gift took effect upon the death of Anita Pratt in February, 1931, Sarah P. Sears and her husband had long since died. Lydia W. Paine died on March 9, 1897, and her husband, Robert Treat Paine, had died on August 11, 1910. The interests of the children of Sarah P. Sears and of Lydia W. Paine were contingent upon their surviving their parents, and if they did not survive both parents they took nothing, and those who were to take could not be determined until the death of the survivor of the parents. Crapo v. Price, 190 Mass. 317. Welch v. Williams, 237 Mass. 373. The phrase leaving “no issue” in article thirteen means leaving no issue at the time of the death of the survivor of the nephew and his wife. This construction is required by the language of the gift over, which reads “but if my said nephew shall decease leaving no issue, then upon the decease of my said nephew and of his wife ... to pay over . . . .” If this be not so, an intestacy might result since the preceding gift is “upon the decease of his wife and the decease of my said nephew leaving issue, then ... to pay over . . . among the surviving children. . . .” The phrase applied to articles sixteen and seventeen was intended to cover the event of Sarah P. Sears’s and of Lydia Williams Paine’s issue dying out after the death of Sarah P. Sears or of Lydia Williams Paine before the time of division. The provision of G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 184, § 6, that “die without issue” shall mean failure of issue during the life of the decedent is not applicable here because the testatrix died in 1881 and the statute is applicable in terms to wills executed after April, 1888. If
No question of remoteness, based on the ground that the husbands and wives of the nieces and nephews to whom life estates are given mean any husband or wife who might be living at the time of the death of the nephew or niece and that such person might not have been in being at the
It follows that the petitioner is instructed (1) to pay over the principal of the part of the fund now held by him under article sixteen coming from the fund created by the second article of the second codicil and the first article of the third codicil of said will to Evelyn G. Sears, Richard Sears, Francis P. Sears, and Lincoln Bryant executor of the will of Annie L. Sears, in equal parts; (2) to pay over the principal of the part of the fund now held by him under article seventeen coming from the fund created by the second article of the second codicil and the first article of the third codicil of said will to John H. Storer, junior, Robert T. P. Storer, Theodore L. Storer, Lydia L. Hall, Edith Storer and Emily L. Storer, in equal parts; (3) to pay over the principal of the part of the fund now held by him under the thirteenth article and the sixteenth article of said will to Evelyn G. Sears, Richard Sears, Francis P. Sears, and Lincoln Bryant executor of the will of Annie L. Sears, in equal parts; and (4) to pay over the principal of the part of the fund now held by him under the thirteenth and seventeenth articles of the will to John H. Storer, junior, Robert T. P. Storer, Theodore L. Storer, Lydia L. Hall, Edith Storer and Emily L. Storer, in equal parts.
Decree accordingly.