154 Ga. App. 760 | Ga. Ct. App. | 1980
The undisputed long and short of it is that after the plaintiff-appellant, Lovell, obtained a valid judgment in DeKalb Superior Court against Service Concept, Inc.; and within one week after she had filed and duly served garnishment proceedings against Service Concept and Roswell Bank in Fulton State Court, the appellee Roswell Bank — without motion or notice of any kind to the appellant Lovell — obtained a DeKalb Superior Court order vacating and setting aside the main money judgment and voiding, nullifying and enjoining all garnishment proceedings by Martha Lovell against the bank. Roswell Bank failed to answer the Fulton garnishment complaint and gave no notice to that court, much less to the plaintiff, that DeKalb Superior Court had set aside the main judgment. In innocent ignorance that she no longer had a valid money judgment, the plaintiff Lovell sought a default judgment on the garnishment 2-1/2 months after she first filed the garnishment; and, also unbeknowing, and thus in accordance with the pleadings, the Fulton State Court awarded the default judgment.
Thereafter — again ex parte and without notice to the plaintiff— Roswell Bank’s attorneys presented the Fulton Court with an affidavit of illegality and the earlier DeKalb order vacating the main judgment and nullifying and enjoining the garnishment. Being thus faced with a certified copy of this order, the Fulton Court, ex parte, determined that it had no choice but to set aside the garnishment judgment and nullify all pending garnishment proceedings. Nearly two weeks later, the plaintiff Lovell finally learned that her original DeKalb judgment had been set aside and her Fulton State Court garnishment judgment as well. She filed in DeKalb Superior Court a motion to set aside the order which had vacated her original judgment and enjoined the Fulton garnishment proceedings, and after due notice and hearing with counsel for both
But the Fulton Court, being formally presented with this latter DeKalb order, denied the plaintiffs motion to reinstate her default garnishment judgment and to set aside the ex parte Fulton order vacating it. The Fulton State Court acknowledged the sequence of events and the circumstances under which the plaintiffs garnishment proceedings had been so neatly eviscerated, but ruled that as a court of law, not equity, there was nothing it could do; it had no choice but to vacate the garnishment judgment when presented with the DeKalb order vacating the main judgment and nullifying and enjoining all garnishment proceedings, and could not go back in hindsight and reinstate the garnishment judgment as if the other had not occurred. Thus as neatly boxed in as by Catch 22, the plaintiff appeals and urges that the Fulton State Court erred in its ex parte order declaring plaintiffs garnishment judgment null and void when the main judgment was vacated, erred in denying plaintiffs motion to set aside that order when the main DeKalb judgment was reinstated as it “is and has been a valid enforceable judgment,” and erred in declaring plaintiffs garnishment judgment null and void without notice to the plaintiff. Held:
We do not concern ourselves with the factual circumstances surrounding or legal principles underlying the DeKalb Court’s ex parte order setting aside of the plaintiffs original judgment, and the subsequent DeKalb order declaring that prior order “void ab initio of no effect whatsoever” and declaring that the original judgment “is and has been a valid enforceable judgment.” But with regards to the Fulton County garnishment proceedings, two salient points emerge.
If the defendant appellee had a valid DeKalb order vacating the main money judgment and nullifying and enjoining all garnishment proceedings, it had such order before the Fulton garnishment default judgment was rendered. Such DeKalb order was the perfect and absolute defense to the garnishment proceeding and there is no good reason why the defendant should not have made it (see Collier v. Allen, 128 Ga. 442, 444 (57 SE 691) and York v. Clopton, 32 Ga. 362, 366).
From this arises the second point in the case, which is that the plaintiff sought and the' Fulton Court did issue a default judgment in garnishment when in fact the DeKalb Court had previously vacated the main money judgment. The conclusion is inescapable that the plaintiff and Fulton Court proceeded regularly and within the law
While it is true that the Fulton Court was not at liberty to ignore the DeKalb order rendering void the original DeKalb money judgment (see Code § 110-709); and Lankford v. Holton, 78 Ga. App. 632 (51 SE2d 687), neither was it at liberty to ignore the fact that it had theretofore issued a default garnishment judgment regular on its face, and that if that judgment and the DeKalb judgment it was based on were not good, the plaintiff had no knowledge of either circumstance. The defendant’s affidavit of illegality was in reality no more than a motion to set aside the default judgment, but in neither case was the alleged defect (that the DeKalb judgment was void) a non-amendable defect on the face of the garnishment record (Code § 81A-160 (d)), and in any case the plaintiff was entitled to a hearing before her garnishment judgment was set aside (Code § 81 A-160 (f)). Stamm & Co. v. Boaz Spinning Co., 129 Ga. App. 779, 780 (201 SE2d 480); and see Camera Shop v. G. A. F. Corp., 130 Ga. App. 88, 90 (202 SE2d 241). She was especially entitled to such a hearing under the obviously questionable circumstances that her money judgment was voided without her knowledge and that now her garnishment judgment was sought to be set aside in the same way. It was therefore error for the Fulton Court to set aside appellant’s default judgment without notice to her.
Even if the plaintiff had been afforded a hearing as to whether the default judgment should be set aside, the trial court would not have been authorized to set the garnishment judgment aside. The Supreme Court in Kile v. Thompson, 26 Ga. 352, 354, held that “where a verdict has been inadvertently rendered in a common law action, which is restrained by injunction, the Court need not set
This case is in much the same posture. When, ex parte and without notice to the plaintiff Lovell, the Fulton Court was presented with the DeKalb order vacating its original money judgment, it was then apparent that the plaintiff, who had proceeded propérly upon a once-valid money judgment, had had no notice of that judgment’s being set aside. For a reason similar to the one that Kile noted — that the equity case in Kile was not resolved and such injunction might have been unfounded — the Fulton Court here should have reasoned that the plaintiff, who had proceeded regularly in her garnishment cause, might have something to say about her DeKalb money judgment’s being set aside when once she found it out. In fact, she did; and in fact her money judgment was reinstated in an attempt by the DeKalb Court to restore the judgment as if it had never been set aside, the efficacy of which and the reasons for which we need not inquire. The result of the Fulton Court’s setting aside the plaintiffs garnishment judgment is that the plaintiff was at that point painted in a corner, and we need not rule in equity or hindsight to reverse the case.
The defendant urged, and the trial court agreed, that DeKalb Superior Court could not restore its judgment nunc pro tunc because once it had been declared void, the garnishment proceedings were void, and to later restore the garnishment judgment would by hindsight violate the rule of void judgments (Code § 110-709). But this is like any case where irregularities propel the suit askew. In analyzing it, one does not reason backwards from what is askewed; one reasons forward from the irregularities, for no doubt if they had
Judgment reversed.