33 Ga. App. 289 | Ga. Ct. App. | 1924
1. This is a suit on account- by a partnership for services rendered and material furnished in repairing an automobile, where it appears from the plea of the defendant that the contract was made with one of the partners as an individual, and where the defendant sought to set off the individual debt of such partner. While the evidence was conflicting, it was such as might have authorized a finding that the defendant knew, or from the proved facts and circumstances ought, in the exercise of proper diligence, to have known, of the existence of the partnership at the time the work was being clone and the material was being furnished, that performance of the contract was being madé by the partnership and not by the individual member contracted with,
2. Exception' is taken by defendant in the court below to the following charge: If “you find from all the evidence that the contract was between Lovelace (defendant) and Douglas (one of the partners) as an individual, and that Lovelace had no notice or knowledge of the partnership, that he did not intend to deal with the partnership, as I say, if Lovelace made his contract with Douglas individually and knew nothing of the partnership, and Douglas made this agreement with him and agreed it should go on the debt, that was an individual contract and the partnership is no party to it, and though Douglas had the work done by the partnership, that would not make it a partnership debt;” the alleged error being that mere “knowledge of the partnership” is not, in such a case, the test of unqualified liability to the partnership. Held:
(а) “Third persons acquire no title to partnership assets by purchase from one member, when notice or a reasonable ground of suspicion is known to them that the partner is misapplying, or seeks to misapply such assets.” Civil Code (1910), § 3184; Clarke v. Farrell, 80 Ga. 622, 624 (6 S. E. 20). Thus, it is the well settled rule that “one partner can not dispose of the partnership property in payment of his individual debt without the consent of his copartners, either express or by necessary implication.” Harper v. Wrigley, 48 Ga. 496, 497; Wise v. Copley, 36 Ga. 508; Bank of Lawrenceville v. Rockmore, 129 Ga. 586 (59 S. E. 291); Murphey v. Bush, 122 Ga. 715 (50 S. E. 1004); Miller v. Hines, 15 Ga. 197; Standard Wagon Co. v. Few, 119 Ga. 293 (46 S. E. 109). This rule relates not only to property but to the labor and services of the partnership.
(b) It is, however, a different, and in no wise conflicting statutory rule that, “if the agency has been concealed, the party dealing with” an agent “may set up any defense against the principal which he has against the agent.” Civil Code, § 3604; Savannah Trust Co. v. Nat. Bank of Savannah, 16 Ga. App. 706 (3) (86 S. E. 49). Thus, it is well settled that the rights of an undisclosed principal are subject to claims acquired in good faith against the agent. In other words, a third person who contracts in ignorance of the existence of a principal can set up
3. It is the general rule that, in a suit by a partnership against a person for a partnership debt, he can not set off an amount owed him by one of the individual partners. Harlow v. Rosser, 28 Ga. 219; Eady v. Newton Coal Co., 123 Ga. 557, 563, 564 (51 S. E. 661, 1 L. R. A. (N. S.) 650, 3 Ann. Cas. 148).
(a) “A charge embracing an abstractly correct and pertinent principle of law is not rendered erroneous by a failure to charge some other legal principle applicable to the case.” Smith v. Brinson, 145 Ga. 406 (2) (89 S. E. 363); Ray v. Warren, 28 Ga. App. 663 (112 S. E. 831). “Every subject-matter, every matter of defense, can not be treated in one and the same sentence and at one and the same time. . . But even though a particular instruction taken alone may be open to the criticism that it requires a given qualification, yet where it plainly appears that elsewhere in the charge this very qualification of the doctrine laid down in such instruction was so distinctly and clearly stated as that the jury were not misled as to the true law, the giving of the instruction will not require the granting of a new trial.” Wilson v. Small, 28 Ga. App. 587, 592 (113 S. E. 240); City Council of Augusta v. Tharpe, 113 Ga. 152 (2) (38 S. E. 389). Where the trial judge correctly charged the rule as to a set-off against a partnership, and elsewhere correctly charged the law as to set-off in a case of concealed agency, an exception to the former charge as erroneous because the independent principle as to concealed agency was not charged immediately' in connection therewith was without merit.
4. The remaining exceptions, relating to the failure of the court to give certain requested instructions to the jury, are without merit, since they are controlled by the rulings made in the second division of the decision. The charge as a whole fully and fairly set forth the rights of the defendant under his pleadings.
Judgment affirmed.