The suit, brought on September 13, 1919, in Cullman county, for personal injury alleged to have been sustained on September 15, 1918, in .Jefferson county, resulted in judgment for, plaintiff. The count us amended was by appellee against Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, a body corporate, and Berry Hill, the servant in charge at the point of injury.
The judgment entry recites that demurrer was sustained to defendant’s plea in abatement, said plea being—
“That this court is without jurisdiction to try and determine this cause, for that the plaintiff has a permanent residence in Jefferson county, Alabama, and the acts or omissions complained of, or the injury for which this suit is instituted, occurred in Jefferson county, Alabama, and this defendant avers it does business by agent in Jefferson county, Alabama, and can be sued in said county.-
The necessity for exclusive government control and operation of the transportation systems of corporations and private individuals during the war was stated by President Wilson in his address of January 4, 1918, before a joint session of Congress, and he was supported in his view by the construction of the act of Congress given by the courts. Nor. Pac. v. Nor. Dak.,
“It-is therefore ordered, that all suits against carriers while under federal control must be brought in the county or district where the plaintiff resides, or in the county or district whore the cause of action arose.”
This order was amended by General Order No. 18-A, issued April 18, 1918, as follows :
“It is therefore ordered that all suits against carriers while under federal control must be brought in the* county or district where the plaintiff resided at the time of the-accrual of the cause of action or in the county or district where the cause of action arose.” 2 Roberts, Fed. Liab. of Carriers, pp. 1700, 1701.
The conditions of suit and its prosecution to judgment were thereafter dealt with in General Order 26. A consideration of General Orders numbered 18 and 18-A must he in connection with General Order 26 (May 23, 1918), which is an amplification or interpretation of said foregoing orders. It is therein recited by way of preamble:
“ * * * That there are now pending against carriers under federal control a great many suits for personal injury * * * being pressed for trial by the plaintiffs in states and jurisdictions far removed from the place” where the persons alleged to have been injured or damaged resided at the time of such injury or damage, or far remote from the place where the causes of action arose; “the effect of such trials being that men operating the trains engaged in hauling war materials, troops, munitions, or supplies are required to leave their trains and attend court as witnesses, and travel sometimes for hundreds of miles from their work, necessitating absence from their trains for days and sometimes for a week or more, which practice is highly prejudicial to the just interests of the government, and seriously interferes with the physical operation of railroads; and the practice of trying such cases during federal control in remote jurisdictions is not necessary for the protection of the rights or the just interests of plaintiffs”; and it was “ordered that upon a showing by the defendant carrier that the just interests of the government would be prejudiced by a present trial of any suit against any carrier under federal control which suit is not covered by General Order No. 18, and which is now pending in any county or district other than where the cause of action arose or other than in which *496 the person alleged to have been injured or damaged at that time resided, the suit shall not be tried during the period of federal control: Provided, if no suit on the same cause of action is now pending in the-county or district where the cause of action arose, or where the person injured or damaged at that time resided, a new suit may, upon proper service, 'be instituted therein; and if such suit is now barred by the statute of limitations, or will be barred before October 1, -1918, then the stay directed by this order shall not apply unless the defendant carrier shall stipulate in open court to waive the defense of the statute of-limitations in any such suit which may be brought before October 1, 1918.” 2 Roberts, p. 1709.
A just application of the foregoing general governmental rules or requirements was made in Cocker v. N. Y., etc., Co. (D. C.)
“Thereupon the-defendant Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company files motion to dismiss this cause as to them, which said motion being submitted to the court, and duly considered and understood by the court, -it is ordered and adjudged by the court that said motion be, and hereby is, overruled. Thereupon defendant files motion to substitute John Barton Payne, Agent, as defendant, which said motion being submitted to the court, and duly considered by the court, it is ordered and adjudged by the court that said motion bd, and'hereby is, overruled. Thereupon defendant files demurrers to the complaint, which said demurrers being submitted to the court, and duly considered and understood by the court, it is ordered and adjudged by the court that said demurrers be, -and hereby are,, overruled.”
The several grounds of demurrer challenge the sufficiency of the complaint against defendant corporation for an injury sustained during and as the result of government operation of the transportation properties of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, and for which suit was sought to be maintained against the corporation, and not against the government or its designated Agent, when the corporation’s transportation properties were under government control.
The ease was tried October 19, 1920. Congress had passed the Transportation Act on February 28, 1920 (Moon v. Hines, supra), and it was in full force and effect; and under section 206 of said act — subdivisions (a), (d), and (e) — John Barton Payne, as the designated Agent of the government, was the proper party to defend a suit against the United States for a tort committed in transportation. It is therein provided:
“(a) Actions at law, suits in equity and proceedings in admiralty, based -on causes of action arising out of the possession, use, or operation by the President of the railroad or system of transportation of any carrier (under the provisions of the Federal Control Act, or of the act of August 29, 1916) of such character as prior to federal control could have been brought against such carrier, may, after the termination of federal control, be brought against an agent designated by the President for such purpose, which agent shall be designated by the President within thirty days after the passage of this act. Such actions, suits, or proceedings may, within the periods of limitation now prescribed by state or federal statutes but not later than two years from the date of the passage of this act, be brought in any court which but for federal control would have had jurisdiction of the cause of action had it arisen against such carrier. * * *
“(d) Actions, suits, proceedings, and reparation claims, of the character above described pending at the termination of federal control shall not abate by reason of such termination, but may be prosecuted to final judgment, substituting the agent designated by-the Président under subdivision (a).
“(e) Final judgments, decrees, and awards in actions, suits, prbceedings, or reparation claims, of the character above described, rendered-against the agent designated by the President under subdivision (a), shall be promptly paid out of the revolving fund created by section 210.” 41 Stat. U. S. A. 66th Cong. Sess. II, 1919-20, pp. 461, 462.
“Any party against whom a judgment or decree is rendered, may individually appeal to the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals without taking the appeal in the name of the other codefendant, but the clerk or register of the court from which the appeal is taken, shall issue a summons when the appeal is so taken, to such as do not join in the appeal, to appear before the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals at the time to which the appeal is returnable, and unite in said appeal if he see proper-, which summons maybe served upon the party, or his attorney of record in the lower court. If any of the parties not joining be nonresidents and not represented by an attorney in the lower court, the clerk or register may cause notice of such appeal to be sent by registered mail or published * * * in some public newspaper,” etc.
After compliance with the statute, the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals is authorized to “proceed as if said party had been served with a summons to join in such appeal”; but it is specifically provided that nothing contained in the act should “abridge the power of the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals únder its existing practice, to cause the service of a summons to be made when service has not been perfected as hereinabove prescribed.” In Birmingham v. Hawkins,
The record shows that the appeal was taken only by the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, corporation; that the citation thereof was to the effect that the appeal was from such judgment in favor of appellee against the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company and Berry Hill, and that the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company obtained the appeal to the Supreme Court of Alabama; that the sheriff was “commanded to notify W. M. Sliikle, or his attorneys of record, to appear at the present term, 1921, of the Supreme Court of Alabama to defend said appeal.” This notice was duly executed by leaving a copy of the citation of appeal with plaintiff’s attorneys of record. Though no citation of the appeal appears to have been issued by the clerk, or served upon the codefendant in judgment, Berry Hill, yet there is indorsed in the transcript this:
“Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company and Berry Hill, Appellants, v. W. M. Shikle, appellee, in the Supreme Court of Alabama. Comes the appellant, Berry Hill, and jointly with the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, and separately and severally assigns the following separate and several errors to the rulings, orders and judgments and decrees of the trial court, separately and severally, to wit: The appellant, Berry Hill, adopts each separate assignment of error made by the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, numbered from 1 to 109, inclusive. [Signed] A. A. Griffith, Eystor & Eyster, Attorneys for Appellant, Berry Hill.”
Pursuant to the terms of-the statute, if after the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company appealed to the Supreme Court, without taking the appeal in the name of the other codefendant, the clerk of the court from which the appeal was taken had issued a summons to Berry Hill (codefendant in the judgment and who did not join in'the appeal) “to appear before the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals at the time to which the appeal is returnable, and unite in said appeal if he see proper,” and if such summons had been served upon him or his attorneys of record in the lower court, such defendant in judgment could have done no more than appear in the Supreme Court and take such action as he may have deemed just and proper. This he has done, as appears from the foregoing excerpt from the record. Should he have not so appeared, the Supreme Court had the power to cause service of a summons to be made upon him, ,and due proceedings thereafter had, pursuant to the rules obtaining in this court. Having voluntarily appeared, there was no necessity for summons or other notice. The effect of this assignment of error was an unqualified appearance and a waiver of summons or other notice of the appeal. The statute had wrought a sever *498 anee in the provision for the taking of the appeal “individually” by one of the defendants ; - and when so taken there was no necessity under the statute for severance to allow separate assignment of error. It results from the foregoing that the motion to dismiss the appeal of the Louisville •& Nashville Railroad Company, corporation, he overruled.
The appellee relies upon the decision in Dixie Lumber Co. v. Young,
In Charlton v. Alabama Great Southern, supra, where there was only one defendant, the transportation corporation, a judgment was rendered in this court without a reversal of the cause and giving opportunity for amendment. However, where there are two defendants, as here, we prefer to revefse and remand the cause that further proceedings may be had in the lower court, if such may be maintained under the law provided and governing in such case.
The judgment is reversed, and the cause is remanded.
Reversed and remanded.