67 Conn. App. 681 | Conn. App. Ct. | 2002
Opinion
In this mortgage foreclosure action, the defendants Edmund L. Pantani (Edmund) and T. Maire Pantani (Maire)
The plaintiff brought this foreclosure action claiming that Edmund defaulted on a $112,800 note payable to
Thereafter, the court granted the plaintiffs motion for summary judgment as to liability only
I
The defendants claim that the court improperly granted the plaintiffs motion for summary judgment as to liability on the underlying note. “The standards governing our review of a trial court’s decision to grant a motion for summary judgment are well established. Practice Book § 384 [now § 17-49] provides that sum
“On appeal, [w]e must decide whether the trial court erred in determining that there was no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. . . . Because the trial court rendered judgment for the [defendant] as a matter of law, our review is plenary and we must decide whether [the trial court’s] conclusions are legally and logically correct and find support in the facts that appear in the record.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Benvenuti Oil Co. v. Foss Consultants, Inc., 64 Conn. App. 723, 726-27, 781 A.2d 435 (2001).
In its memorandum of decision, the court found that Edmund had raised no material issues of fact as to whether the note was executed, whether the plaintiff was the holder of the note or whether the note was in default. The defendants claim that there was a material issue of fact as to whether the plaintiff fraudulently induced Edmund into executing the note. It is important to note that Edmund, in his answer, did not plead fraud, but only unfair trade practice. Maire did plead fraud, but faded to file an affidavit or other proof cognizable in a summary judgment proceeding.
We conclude that the court properly determined that the defendants had failed to submit affidavits or other proof disclosing the existence of a genuine issue of material fact in regard to their liability on the note and, therefore, the plaintiff was entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law.
The defendants next claim that the court improperly struck the case from the jury docket.
It is well established that this court is not required to review claims that were not properly raised in the trial court. Practice Book § 60-5; Brehm v. Brehm, 65 Conn. App. 698, 702-703, 783 A.2d 1068 (2001). Edmund failed to reclaim the case to the jury docket and did not raise any objection to the court’s striking of Maire’s claim from the docket. Rather, he acquiesced in having the case proceed as a trial to the court and now, for the first time, attempts to raise the issue on appeal. Because the defendants failed to raise an objection when the case was struck from the jury docket or during the ensuing trial, this issue is unpreserved, and we will not review it.
III
The defendants next claim that the court improperly ruled that Edmund was not entitled to a reduction of
The court concluded that the claim for recoupment was barred by the statute of limitations because the services on which it was based were performed more than nine years ago and also because the services did not arise out of the same transaction that gave rise to the plaintiffs cause of action.
“Recoupment means keeping back something which is due, because there is an equitable reason to withhold it. Black’s Law Dictionary (5th Ed. 1979). The defense of recoupment has two characteristics: (1) the defense arises out of the transaction constituting the plaintiffs cause of action; and (2) it is purely defensive, used to diminish or defeat the plaintiffs cause, but not as the basis for an affirmative recovery. Id. It rests on the principle that both sides of a transaction should be settled at one time in order to prevent circuity of actions.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Genovese v. J. N. Clapp Co., 4 Conn. App. 443, 445-46, 495 A.2d 1079 (1985).
Although a claim of recoupment is not barred by the statute of limitations, it must arise out of the same transaction. Id. In this case, Edmund’s recoupment claim is based on unrelated legal services and, therefore, does not arise out of the same transaction as the plaintiffs cause of action. Accordingly, the court properly denied the claim on that ground.
IV
The defendants next claim that the court improperly granted the plaintiffs motion for a special finding as to the claims made by Maire. Specifically, the defendants
After the court rendered judgment on February 1, 2000, the plaintiff filed a motion for a special finding against Maire pursuant to General Statutes § 52-226a,
We first address the threshold question of whether this claim is reviewable. With respect to this motion, the record on appeal does not contain a written memorandum of decision or a transcribed copy of an oral decision signed by the court. See Practice Book § 64-1 (a). “The duty to provide [the Appellate Court] with a record adequate for review rests with the appellant. . . . We have frequently declined to review claims where the appellant has failed to provide the court with an adequate record for review.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Neihaus v. Cowles Business Media, Inc., 66 Conn. App. 314, 317, 784 A.2d 426 (2001). In fact, the defendants failed to include a copy of the motion or the judge’s order in the record. Additionally,
V
Finally, the defendants claim that the court improperly calculated the damages by awarding interest in an amount greater than that allowed under the note. The plaintiff concedes that the interest rate used to calculate damages was incorrect. Accordingly, we must reverse the judgment and remand the case for a determination of the correct debt.
The judgment is reversed only as to the amount of interest on the debt and the case is remanded with direction to recalculate the debt and to reset the sale date.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
The defendant Branford Savings Bank is not involved in this appeal. We refer in this opinion to Edmund and Maire as the defendants.
At trial, Edmund and Maire were represented by separate counsel. On appeal, both defendants are represented by the same counsel.
A summary judgment as to liability only where the question of damages remains is not appealable. Stroiney v. Crescent Lake Tax District, 197 Conn. 82, 84, 495 A.2d 1063 (1985).
Although foreclosure actions may not be claimed to the jury docket, Maire was entitled to a jury trial on her counterclaim seeking damages.
On May 11, 1999, the plaintiff filed a motion to strike Maire’s claim from the jury list. On September 14, 1999, the court dismissed Maire’s counterclaim for failure to appear for jury selection and scheduled the case for a trial to the court.
As discussed previously, in this opinion, Maire’s counterclaim was dismissed for failure to appear for jury selection.
General Statutes § 52-226a provides in relevant part: “In . . . any civil action tried to the court, not more than fourteen days after judgment has been rendered, the prevailing party may file a written motion requesting the court to malte a special finding to be incorporated in the judgment or made a part of the record, as the case may be, that the action or a defense to the action was without merit and not brought or asserted in good faith. Any such finding by the court shall be admissible in any subsequent action brought pursuant to section 52-568.”
On February 10, 2000, the defendants filed a motion for reargument and reconsideration of the court’s decision barring their claim of recoupment. In that motion, there was no mention of this claim. The trial court denied that motion.