Lopez Jimenez v. Pabon Rodriguez (In Re Pabon Rodriguez)Lopez Jimenez v. Pabon Rodriguez (In Re Pabon Rodriguez)
OPINION AND ORDER
Before the Court is a Motion requesting reconsideration of judgment filed by Plaintiffs on January 5th, 1998. Docket no. 17. Plaintiffs also pray the Court to consider their reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment (Docket no. 14) and their motion for reconsideration of Judgment (Docket no. 17) as motions under Rules 59 and/or 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and in the alternative, as a motion requesting an extension of time to appeal. Docket no. 18.
I. Jurisdiction and Procedure
This Court has jurisdiction to entertain this matter pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b). This contested matter is a core proceeding under 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)(2)(B), (C) and (0).
II. Procedural History
The events giving rise to this proceeding commenced on September 5th, 1997, when the Trustee filed a motion for summary judgment. Docket no. 13. Plaintiffs’ response was due on September 16th, 1997. 1 According to Plaintiffs’ counsel, he requested an extension of no less than forty-five days to oppose the Trustee’s motion on September 12, 1997. See, Plaintiffs’ Motion in Request for Reconsideration of Judgment, Docket no. 17, at 2; Plaintiffs’ Motion Requesting that the Reply to Request for Summary Judgment, Docket no. 18, at 2. The Court has no evidence, however, that said request was ever made either informally or formally. 2 The motion was never docketed, a hearing was not held on that date, nor Plaintiffs provided a stamped copy in support of this allegation.
On December 3rd, 1997, without knowledge that Plaintiffs had allegedly requested for an extension of time to answer, the Court granted the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment. Notwithstanding the Court’s order, Plaintiffs filed their reply to the Trustee’s motion on December 12, 1997, eighty-seven days after it was due and nine days after this Court’s order.
On December 29, 1997, the Court entered judgment dismissing Plaintiffs’ claims and holding that the title in fee simple to the real property lies with the Debtors and their estate in bankruptcy. On January 7, 1998, the Plaintiffs filed a motion requesting this Court to reconsider and vacate the judgment. Docket no. 17. Plaintiffs claim that they were misled by the Court’s failure to notify them whether their request for an extension of time had been granted. Plaintiffs argue that since “[n]o notice by the court was ever notified concerning said petition ... counsel was thus mislead [sic] to belief that the forty five (45) days requested would not begin until the remedy was granted.” Id., at 2. Plaintiffs also argue that they were not able to complete their opposition to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment until December 9, 1997 and file it on December 12, 1997 because they needed to gather “abundant evidenciary [sic] proof in order to contest the allegations contained in trustee’s brief.” Id.
On January 13, 1998, Plaintiffs filed a motion requesting the Court to consider their reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment (Docket no. 14) and their motion for reconsideration (Docket no. 17) as motions under Rules 59 and/or 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and in the alternative, as a motion requesting an extension of time to appeal. Docket no. 18. Besides the arguments presented in the previous motion, Plaintiffs claim that “it will constitute a miscarriage of justice if the judgment entered on December 29, 1997 is not set aside or if the opportunity for appellate review is not afforded to the Plaintiff, particularly in a case where the property rights of the appearing parties are involved.” Id., at 2.
The Trustee has not filed a reply to either of Plaintiffs’ motions.
III. Controversy and Arguments of the Parties
The dispositive issue in this case is whether the Court must vacate the judgment entered in order to consider Plaintiffs’ reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment which was filed eighty-seven days after the deadline expired and nine days after the Court granted the motion. Plaintiffs claim that they were misled by the Court’s failure to notify them whether their request for an extension of time had been granted. Plaintiffs’ counsel asserts that he honestly believed that the additional time requested would not begin to run until the Court granted the motion and notify it. Plaintiffs also argue that they could not file their opposition previously because they needed to gather “abundant evidenciary [sic] proof in order to contest the allegations contained in trustee’s brief.” Finally, Plaintiffs contend that since the Court denied their reply brief as moot, the December 29, 1997 order constitutes a “miscarriage of justice ... particularly in a case where the property rights of the appearing parties are involved.”
For the reasons stated herein, the Court declines to follow Plaintiffs’ pleas and, therefore, denies its motions.
IY. Discussion
A. Procedural requirements to request an extension of time for replying to a motion for summary judgment
Rules 311(5) and (12) of the U.S.D.C. Local Rules, as adopted and amended by Rules 7001(a) and (b)(1) of the Local Bankruptcy Rules, provide that a respondent has eleven (11) days to oppose a motion for summary judgment after its service. Pursuant to U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(5), the respondent should file the reply brief and all supporting documents within said period. If the respondent needs to file additional affidavits or other documents in support of his brief, U.S.D.C. Local Rules
Moreover, Fed.R.Bankr.P. 7056(f) provides that if a party needs additional time to submit affidavits or other evidentiary materials in opposition to a motion for summary judgment, he must submit an affidavit explaining the reasons why he is unable to do so. 3 This Rule is usually used in situations “in which the facts are exclusively or largely within the knowledge or control of the moving party or nonparties, thereby rendering it impossible for the nonmoving party to submit timely affidavits or other evidentiary materials demonstrating the existence of genuine issues of fact.” 10 Lawrence P. King et al., Collier on Bankruptcy, ¶ 7056.08, at 7056-11 (15th ed.1997). Collier explains that the Rule “cannot however rest on a mere assertion that summary judgment should be denied because of the nonmoving party’s lack of knowledge of the facts. Rather, the affidavit must specify what facts are within the movant’s knowledge or control and what steps have been taken to obtain the information. The court may then order a continuance of the motion to permit the discovery to be taken, deny the motion without prejudice to renewal after completion of discovery, or take any other action it deems appropriate.” Id., at 7056-11 to 7056-12.
In requesting an extension of time, the nonmoving party must abide by U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(14), as adopted by Rule 7001 of the Local Bankruptcy Rules. Rule 311(14) provides:
(14) Extensions of Time
(A) The Clerk of the Court is authorized to sign and enter orders without further direction by the Court granting a first extension of time not to exceed thirty (30) days. Any extension of time thereafter must be presented to the Court for consideration.
(B) All motions for extension of time shall state the expiration date of the period sought to be extended and the expiration date of the proposed extension.
Pursuant to this Rule, the nonmoving party may request an extension of time to file his reply to a motion for summary judgment provided that he complies with the requirements set forth in the Rule. In his motion, the party must specify the period of time requested and when will it expire.
In seeking an extension of time to respond to a motion for summary judgment, the party must also comply with the requirements of Rule 9006(b)(1) of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. This Rule governs the enlargement of time limitations for taking actions required under the Rules or by order of the Court. It provides for a court order enlarging time, and permits retroactive enlargement if excusable neglect is shown. If the request is made before the expiration of the period originally prescribed or as extended by previous order, the court may enlarge the time at its discretion, “with or without a motion or notice.” Collier comments that by the words “with or without motion or notice,” the Rule permits the parties to make the motion informally. He explains, however, that “[t]he motion, when so made, unless made during a hearing or trial, should be written” following the procedure prescribed by Fed.R.Bankr.P.
If a party does not oppose a motion for summary judgment within the eleven day period provided in U.S.D.C. Local Rules 311(5) and (12), or within the time provided by the Court pursuant to U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(14) and Fed. R.Bankr.P. 9006(b)(1), the Court may consider the motion. Nonetheless, the mere fact that a party failed to file a timely opposition “does not in itself justify summary judgment.”
López et al. v. Corporación Azucarera de Puerto Rico,
The legal effect of failing to file a timely response to a motion for summary judgment is that “all material facts set forth by the movant ... will be deemed admitted” pursuant to U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(12) and the motion will be decided on the basis of movant’s submissions.
F.C. Imports, Inc. v. First National Bank of Boston, N.A.,
B. Plaintiffs’ Motion for Reconsideration
On December 29, 1997, the Court entered judgment in this case against Plaintiffs in accordance with its order of December 3rd, 1997, granting the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment. Plaintiffs had not filed a timely response to the Trustee’s motion. Thus, the Court deemed Plaintiffs to have consented to the Trustee’s statement of material facts. Based on the undisputed facts set forth in the record, the Court determined that there remained no genuine issues of material fact and that the Trustee was entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Plaintiffs now pray for reconsideration of said judgment. Docket no. 17.
“A ‘motion to reconsider’ is not among the motions recognized by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.”
Van Skiver v.
In the instant case, Plaintiffs’ motion to reconsider was served five days after the Court’s judgment, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 6(a). 5 Therefore, the motion may be construed as one pursuant to Fed. R.Civ.P. 59(e).
1. Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e)
Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e), made applicable to bankruptcy procedure by Fed. R.Bankr.P. 9023, authorizes the filing of a written motion to alter or amend a judgment after its entry.
6
The motion must demonstrate the “reason why the court should reconsider its prior decision” and “must set forth facts or law of a strongly convincing nature” to induce the court to reverse its earlier decision.
Dale & Selby Superette & Deli v. U.S. Department of Agriculture,
The federal courts have consistently stated that a motion for reconsideration of a previous order is an extraordinary remedy that must be used sparingly because of interest in finality and conservation of scarce judicial resources.
Sussman v. Salem, Saxon & Nielsen, P.A.,
Recently, the U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico considered two cases in which the threshold issue was whether a prior judgment should be vacated pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e). Due to the similarity between those cases and the case at bar, the cases are discussed in some detail.
In
Pagán de Jesús, et al. v. Toledo Davila,
Plaintiff took the risk ‘to sit idly by and allow the summary judgment proponent to configure the record ... [which] is likely to prove fraught with consequences. This case is no exception.’ Plaintiff simply did not establish any material facts to controvert defendant’s proffer, ‘the non movant must produce specific facts in suitable evidentiary form sufficient to limn a trial worthy issue ... Failure to do so allows the summary judgment engine to operate at full throttle.
Id., at 25 (citations omitted) (emphasis ours). Secondly, the Court held that “[t]he new proffer produced by Plaintiff in its reply memorandum and the motion of reconsideration clearly fall in the category on ‘new legal theory’ and facts which were ‘available....’” Id., at 25-26. Hence, the Court denied Plaintiffs belated new legal arguments and Plaintiffs proffered new facts. Id.
In
Corretjer v. Picayo,
First, the Court held that plaintiff could not claim that the evidence was previously
even though a party failing to oppose a motion for summary judgment waives the right to controvert any facts asserted by the moving party, this does not mean that the moving party is automatically entitled to summary judgment ... [T]he court has a duty to view the record with a critical eye and determine whether the moving party has met its burden of demonstrating undisputed facts entitling it to judgment as a matter of law. When the court properly discharges this duty, it reduces the risk that its legal conclusions will rest on unsound factual foundations. The mere fact, then, that the court proceeds to enter summary judgment without certain evidentiary material is not, by itself, a reason for vacating the judgment under Rule 59(e). This is especially true where, as here, there is no claim that the evidence was previously unavailable.
Id. (Emphasis ours).
Finally, the Court held that the judgment should not be vacated pursuant to Rule 59(e) because the plaintiff did not comply with U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(5) which states that a party has ten days to file a response to a motion or with Fed. R.Civ.P. 6(b) which states that a request for an enlargement of time must be filed before the expiration of the time period originally prescribed. Citing numerous decisions, the Court explained that the First Circuit has reiterated the importance of complying with established procedural rules and deadlines set forth by the court.
[Ljitigants in federal court cannot ‘have their cake and eat it too.’ Flagrant disregard of the procedural requirements established by the federal rules, by local rules of this district, or by a judge’s scheduling order carries with it certain consequences. If litigants and their attorneys are to be relieved of these consequences they must present cogent; valid explanations of their failure to comply with established rules. Here, neither plaintiff nor his counsel have offered a single reason for their delay in opposing defendant’s motion for summary judgment.
Id., at 439 (emphasis ours).
The Court held that “to vacate the judgment entered in favor of defendant would reward plaintiffs ‘somnolence and lassitude,’ and set a precedent which undermines the stability which procedural rules give to the adversarial process.” Id. (citation omitted).
The general doctrine set forth in these cases was reiterated in
Rivera Surillo v. Falconer Glass Industries, Inc.,
In the case at bar, Plaintiffs do not present a “cogent theory” as to why
In the instant case, the evidence submitted by the Plaintiffs cannot be categorized, however, as “newly discovered material evidence” because it was available prior to the Court’s judgment. The documents submitted as Exhibits 1, 2 and 10 were part of the Court’s record because the Trustee included them as Exhibits B, J and F of his motion for summary judgment. Docket no. 13. The Plaintiffs submitted various plans as Exhibits 3(A), (B), (C), and (D), but according to a letter attached as Exhibit 3 these documents were in Plaintiffs’ possession since at least October 31, 1998.
10
Moreover, these documents are not admissible because they were not authenticated pursuant to Fed. R.Civ.P. 56.
11
Exhibit 5 includes a sworn statement by a surveyor which was subscribed on August 7,1997. This document is admissible but was in Plaintiffs’ possession prior to the date when Trustee filed the motion for summary judgment, September 5, 1997. Plaintiffs submitted a curriculum vitae of another surveyor as Exhibit 6. In their reply brief, Plaintiffs argue that this surveyor will certify that “the property line that bounds their land with debtor’s land have remained unmoved for more tha [sic] forty years, which precludes the possibility that plaintiffs have tresspassed [sic] debtor’s land beyond their boundaries to encroach on any piece of his land.” Plaintiffs’ Reply to Request for Summary Judgment, Docket no. 14, at 3. Plaintiffs failed to include a sworn statement from the surveyor in support of their asseveration. Exhibit 7 includes a copy of the state court’s opinion in a possessory injunction Plaintiffs filed against the Debt- or. The opinion is dated September 8, 1997. The Court sustains that Plaintiffs must have had a copy of that opinion or could have obtained it with
“reasonable diligence
” prior to the Court’s order granting the Trustee’s motion for sum
Since the majority of the documents filed by the Plaintiffs in support of their reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment were in Plaintiffs’ possession or could have been obtained with reasonable diligence prior to the court’s order granting the Trustee’s motion and the fact that the majority of those documents were not authenticated and are not admissible into evidence, the Court concludes that the proffered evidence does not constitute “newly discovered material evidence” pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e). The only document that was unavailable until December 9, 1997 was a sworn statement which was included as Exhibit 4. In their motion, Plaintiffs did not explain why this sworn statement was not available prior to that date or what steps were taken to obtain it. Thus, the Court cannot determine whether the referred sworn statement could have been obtained with “reasonable diligence” or if it constituted “newly discovered material evidence.” The fact is, nonetheless, that this document delayed Plaintiffs’ reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment by a period of eighty-seven days. 13
Assuming
arguendo
that the referred sworn statement constitutes “newly discovered material evidence,” the Court will examine it in order to determine whether to grant the motion to alter or amend the judgment entered. The affiant states that he rented the property in question for five years; that the lease contract expired on June 30, 1986, after the Debtor acquired the property on December 27, 1985; that when the affiant leased the property, the previous owner took him to survey the boundaries of the property, especially those that adjoined Plaintiffs’ property; that the marks which delineated the property limits seemed to have been there for a long time. Plaintiffs submitted the sworn statement to demonstrate that “the property line that bounds their land with debt- or’s land have remained unmoved for more tha [sic] forty years, which precludes the possibility that plaintiffs have tresspassed [sic] debtor’s land beyond their boundaries to encroach on any piece of his land.” Plaintiffs’ Reply to Request for Summary
The affiant’s testimony is not sufficient to establish that the Plaintiffs have acquired ownership of the property in question by extraordinary prescription either.
15
The affiant’s vague, inaccurate and general testimony does not satisfy the requirements of Article 1859 of the Civil Code, P.R. Laws Ann. tit. 31, § 5280, which states that in order to acquire property through extraordinary prescription, the claimant must have had “uninterrupted possession of the ... [property] for thirty (30) years without the necessity of title nor good faith and without the distinction between present and absent persons....” Nor does it satisfy the requirements established by the case law either.
16
It simply states that since at least 1980 the Plaintiffs were in public possession of the property.
17
In conclusion, like in the cases of Pagán de Jesús, et al. v. Toledo Dávila and Corretjer v. Picayo, the evidence submitted by Plaintiffs was neither new nor unavailable at the time the Bankruptcy Court granted the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment on December 3rd, 1997. The majority of the documents were in Plaintiffs’ possession or could have been obtained with reasonable diligence prior to the Court’s order granting the Trustee’s motion. The only new evidence is the affidavit attached as Exhibit 4. Although the sworn statement was not subscribed until December 9,1997, Plaintiffs offer no explanation why said statement was not available previously. Moreover, Plaintiffs did not used the procedural mechanisms provided by U.S.D.C. Local Rules 311(6) and (12) or Fed.R.Bankr.P. 7056(f) which allows a party who needs additional time to submit affidavits or other evidentiary materials in opposition to a motion for summary judgment to request it to the Court. 18 Finally, this Court does not believe that the Plaintiffs could not have discovered the evidence they now seek to introduce had they used due diligence to do so before the court entered judgment. Even if this Court were to consider the affidavit in determining the motion for summary judgment, it would not affect the outcome.
Another factor that the Court must consider in determining whether a Fed. R.Civ.P. 59(e) motion to alter or amend a judgment may be granted is whether the court committed “a manifest error of law.”
F.D.I.C. v. World University,
“Although ... [Plaintiffs] incorporates certain clarified and supplemental facts within its motion ... [t]here are no new material facts alleged nor any obvious error of law.”
Bull HN Information Systems Inc. v. Hutson,
In conclusion, as in the cases of Pagán de Jesús, et al. v. Toledo Dávila and Corretjer v. Picayo, the evidence submitted by Plaintiffs was neither new nor unavailable at the time the Bankruptcy Court granted the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment on December 3rd, 1997. Nor did the Plaintiffs present any new legal arguments, or any issues of fact, which justify vacation of the Court’s order and subsequent judgment. On the other hand, the Trustee had demonstrated that there are no genuine issues of material fact with respect to the Debtor’s right to the property in question. There can be no question that it -was incumbent upon the Plaintiffs to refute the Trustee’s showing by sufficient and substantial specific factual evidence supporting the existence of a factual dispute. Furthermore, there can be no question that, in considering the factual record made by the Plaintiffs in opposition to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment, the Court could consider only facts properly put into evidence by the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions on file, and affidavits. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c), (e). Accordingly, the Court must ignore any “facts” now raised in the Motion for Reconsideration which includes no affidavit, but consists only of counsel’s arguments.
The Trustee proffered competent evidence that the Plaintiffs do not have a right to increase the surface area of their three properties, with the consequent result of diminishing the area of Debtor’s property. Moreover, an examination of all the Plaintiffs’ submissions has not disclosed a trialworthy issue of material fact relating either to their arguments that they have always owned the property they claim or that they have acquired title to the property through adverse possession. Thus, there is no basis for vacating summary judgment in these circumstances.
Some courts have considered a further factor, that is, to prevent manifest injustice. The First Circuit has not incorporated this factor. However, since Plaintiffs argue that the Court’s order denying Plaintiffs’ reply brief as moot constitutes a “miscarriage of justice” and that the Court’s judgment “would constitute a grievous harm to plaintiffs.” See, Plaintiffs Motion Requesting that the Reply to Request for Summary Judgment and Motion for Reconsideration be Considered as a Motion under Rules 59 and/or 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Docket no. 18, at 2; and Plaintiffs’ Motion in Request of Reconsideration of Judgment, Docket no. 17, at 3.
In
Martin v. A.O. Smith Corp.,
In the case at bar, Plaintiffs have not adduced and identified evidence sufficient to create a genuine fact issue in support of their assertions that they have always owned the property in question or that they have acquired title to the property through adverse possession. Thus, the Court concludes that its judgment does not contain an clear error of law and does not result in manifest injustice.
2. Fed.R.Civ.P. 59
Plaintiffs also filed a motion requesting the Court to consider their reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment (Docket no. 14) and their motion for reconsideration (Docket no. 17) as motions under Fed.R.Civ.P. 59. Plaintiffs “merely cited Rule 59 together with the proposition that it is applicable in this context. The Court is left to divine the bases for ... [Plaintiffs’] motion under this rule.”
Corretjer Farinacci v. Picayo,
To allow the granting of a new trial, the moving party must demonstrate “a manifest error of law or mistake of fact....” 11 Charles A. Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane,
Federal Practice and Procedure: Civil 2d
§ 2804, p. 53. Fed.R.Civ.P. 61 states that an error does not constitute ground for granting a new trial ... unless refusal to take such action appears to the court inconsistent with substantial justice.” This rigorous restrictions “reflect the important policies of conserving ever-dwindling judicial resources and promoting judicial efficiency.”
Burzynski v. Travers,
In the case at bar, the motion for new trial did not allege a manifest error of law on the face of the judgment. Plaintiffs argue that a new trial is required because the Court failed to consider competent evidence when it denied their reply brief as moot. Thus, although not clearly, stated, Plaintiffs move for a new trial on the grounds of “newly discovered evidence.” According to Plaintiffs, they were not able to complete their opposition to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment until December 9, 1997, after the Court had granted the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment, because they needed to gather “abundant evidenciary [sic] proof in order to contest the allegations contained in trustee’s brief’. This newly gathered evidence warrants reopening the case in order to avoid a miscarriage of justice.
“To warrant a new trial on the grounds of newly discovered evidence under Rule 59(a), the evidence must not only have been unknown to the movant at the time of trial but also the movant must have been excusably ignorant of the facts so that they could not have been discoverable by diligent search.”
In the Matter of the Arbitration Between Ionian Shipping
3. Fed.R.Civ.P. 60
Plaintiffs also move to vacate the Court’s order of December 3rd, 1997 and the Court’s judgment of December 29th, 1997 pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P., applicable through Fed.R.Bankr.P. 9024 and with certain exceptions not relevant here, to cases under the Bankruptcy Code.
Wayne Manor, Inc. v. Commonwealth of Massachusetts (In re Wayne Manor, Inc.),
As in
In re Mayhew,
Quite simply, “the ‘I didn’t receive notice’ defense doesn’t work in federal court.” ... Rather, it is the duty of an attorney to monitor the docket and to keep him or herself apprised of developments in a case .... An attorney may not simply sit back and rely on the court to keep him or her up to date; allowing attorneys to do so would not only invite abuses, but would remove the burden of vigilance from the advocates hired to pursue the client’s interests .... Indeed, this principle is spelled out with extraordinary clarity in the Bankruptcy Rules themselves; Rule 9022(a) reads, in relevant part, “Lack of notice of the entry [of a judgment or order] does not affect the time to appeal or relieve or authorize the court to relieve a party for failure to appeal within the time allowed, except as permitted in Rule 8002.” It could not be clearer, then, that the mere failure to receive notice does not and cannot constitute excusable neglect. Landers does not offer any explanation whatsoever for her counsel’s failure to monitor the docket in this case; indeed, this inaction seems to be ignored in hopes that it will be forgotten.
As such, they have provided no basis upon which their neglect might be excused. Accordingly, the Court denies Plaintiffs’ motion to set aside the judgment under Fed. R.Civ. 60(b).
4. Fed.R.Bankr.P. 8002
Finally, Plaintiffs request the Court to grant them an extension of time to appeal pursuant to Fed.R.Bankr.P. 8002(c). For the reasons explained herein, Plaintiffs’ request is denied.
Pursuant to Fed.R.Bankr.P. 8002(b), the appeals period begins to run from the disposition of a timely motion filed under Rules 9023 or 9024. Thus, the time for filing the notice of appeal has not begun to
WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs’ Motion requesting reconsideration of judgment, Docket no. 17, and Motion requesting the Court to consider their reply to the Trustee’s motion for summary judgment and then* motion for reconsideration of Judgment as motions under Rules 59 and/or 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and in the alternative, as a motion requesting an extension of time to appeal, Docket no. 18, are hereby denied.
SO ORDERED.
Notes
. Rules 311(5) and (12) of the Local Rules of the Unites States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico (hereinafter “U.S.D.C. Local Rules”), as adopted and amended by Rules 7001(1) and (b)(1) of the Local Bankruptcy Rules, provide that a respondent has eleven days to oppose a motion for summary judgment after it being served.
. Rule 9006 of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (hereinafter "Fed.R.Bankr.P.”) governs the enlargement of time limitations for taking actions required under the Rules or by order of the court. Paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Rule 9006 states, inter alia, that a court, with of without motion or notice, may order the period within which to do an act or give a notice enlarged if a request is made before the expiration of the period originally prescribed or as extended by a previous order of the court. Collier comments that by the words "with or without motion or notice”, the Rule permits the parties to make the motion informally. He explains, however, that "[t]he motion, when so made, unless made during a hearing or trial, should be written” following the procedure prescribed by Rule 9013 of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. 10 Lawrence P. King et al., Cottier on Bankruptcy, ¶ 9006.06[2], at 9006-11 to 9006-12 (15th ed.1997).
. Fed.R.Bankr.P. 7056(f) provides:
(f) When Affidavits are Unavailable. Should it appear from the affidavits of a party opposing the motion that the parLy cannot for reasons stated present by affidavit facts essential to justify the party’s opposition, the court may refuse the application for judgment or may order a continuance to permit affidavits to be obtained or depositions to be taken or discovery to be had or may make such other order as is just.
See also, 10 Lawrence P. King et al., Collier on Bankruptcy, ¶ 7056.08, at 7056-11 to 7056-12 (15th ed.1997).
. Rule 9013 of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure provides:
A request for an order, except when an application is authorized by these rules, shall be by written motion, unless made during a hearing. The motion shall state with particularity the grounds therefor, and shall set forth the relief or order sought. Every written motion other than one which may be considered ex parte shall be served by the moving party on the trustee or debt- or in possession and on those entities specified by these rules or, if service is not required or the entities to be served are not specified by these rules, the moving party shall serve the entities the court directs.
. The Bankruptcy Court judgment was filed on December 29, 1997. Under Fed.R.Civ.P. 6(a), the ten-day time period for Plaintiffs to serve a Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e) motion expired on January 12, 1998. Plaintiffs filed their motion for reconsideration on January 7, 1998. Because the time is less than eleven days, Plaintiffs' motion will be construed as a Fed. R.Civ.P. 59(e) motion.
. Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e) provides that "[a]ny motion to alter or amend a judgment shall be filed no later than 10 days after entry of the judgment.”
. Besides the circumstances mentioned above, Moore points out citing cases from other jurisdictions, that a court "may grant a motion to alter or amend a judgment ... [t]o take account of an intervening change in controlling law ... [t]o correct clear legal error ... [t]o prevent manifest injustice.” He notes, however, that "[t]he Fifth Circuit holds that the purpose of a Rule 59(e) motion for reconsideration is to correct manifest errors of law or fact or to present newly discovered evidence. The court does not appear to recognize an intervening change in the law as the basis for a Rule 59(e) motion.” 12 James Wm. Moore, Moore's Federal Practice § 59.30[5][a], p. 59-102 to 59-103 (3rd ed.1998). Similarly, the District Court of Puerto Rico has adopted the "traditional standard” that Rule 59(e) motions "are granted only if there has been a mistake of law or fact or new material evidence has been discovered that was unavailable previously.”
Corretjer v. Picayo,
. As in the case at bar, "plaintiff ... merely cited Rule 59 together with the proposition that it ... [was] applicable” to the case. Thus, "[t]he Court ... [was] left to divine the bases for plaintiff's motion under this rule.” The court held that "[p]erhaps plaintiff would have the Court characterize the materials he intends to offer in opposition to the motion for summary judgment as 'newly discovered material evidence.’ ” However, plaintiff could claim that the evidence was previously unavailable. Id., at 437-38.
. See, supra, note 5.
. The Court hereby admonishes Plaintiffs' counsel, directing him to U.S.D.C. Local Rule which states that “[a]ll documents not in the English language which are presented to or filed in this Court, whether as evidence or otherwise, shall be accompanied at the time of presentation or filing by an English translation thereof, unless the Court shall otherwise order....”
.See, 10A Charles A. Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure: Civil 2d § 2722, p. 382-84 (“To be admissible, documents must be authenticated by and attached to an affidavit that meets the requirements of Rule 56(e) and the affiant must be a person through whom the exhibits could be admitted into evidence.” The Court acknowledges, nonetheless, that "uncertified or otherwise inadmissible documents may be considered by the court if not challeged.”)
. See, supra, note 10.
. If the rest of the documents submitted by the Plaintiffs in support of their reply to the Trustee's motion for summary judgment were in their possession or could have been obtained with reasonable diligence within the eleven-day period provided by U.S.D.C. Local Rules 311(5) and (12) or within a reasonable extension of time, the Court questions why the Plaintiffs did not use the mechanism provided by U.S.D.C. Local Rules 311(6) and (12) which allows the Clerk of the Court to enter an ex parte order specifying the time within which a respondent should file additional affidavits or documents which he could not obtain during the prescribed period. Neither did the Plaintiffs used Fed.R.Bankr.P. 7056(f) which provides that if a party needs additional time to submit affidavits or other evidentia-ry materials in opposition to a motion for summary judgment, he must submit an affidavit explaining the reasons why he is unable to do so. The Court could have ordered a continuance of the motion to permit the discovery to be taken or deny the motion without prejudice to renewal after completion of discovery. If the Plaintiffs had used these procedural mechanisms, the controversy before the Court would have been avoided and the process would not have been delayed.
. In their brief, Plaintiffs assert that they "will submitt [sic] evidence consisting on the testimony of ... [the affiant] (see exhibit 4) and or two local surveyors that will show that the property line that bounds their land with debtor's land have remained unmoved for forty years...." See, Plaintiffs' Reply to Request for Summary Judgment, Docket no. 14, at 3. In considering a motion for summary judgment, a court will consider "the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with affidavits. ...” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c). Thus, the Plaintiffs’ suggestions that he will present evidence sufficient to defeat the Trustee's motion for summary judgment "is unavailing as a substitute for the showing required by Rule 56(c). For summary judgment may not be defeated on the 'gossamer threads of whimsey, speculation and conjecture' and ... [Plaintiffs were] required to do more than suggest that 'something might turn up at trial.’ To avoid summary judgment a party 'must do more than whet the curiosity of the court; he must support vague accusation and surmise with concrete particulars.’ ” Frito-Lay of Puerto Rico, Inc. v. Martinez Canas, 92 F.R.D. 384, 392 (D.P.R.1981).
. It is important to note that the term for acquiring ownership of a property through extraordinary prescription, that is without title or good faith, is thirty years and not forty as Plaintiffs suggest in their reply brief. See, Article 1859 of the Civil Code of Puerto Rico, P.R. Laws Ann. tit. 31, § 5280.
. In
Dávila v. Córdova,
.Compare with
Gómez v. Marques,
. See, infra, note 13.
. See, infra, note 14.
. Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(a) provides in relevant part that "[a] new trial may be granted to all or any of the parties and on all or part of the issues ... in an action tried without a jury, for any of the reasons for which rehearings have heretofore been granted in suits in equity in the courts of the United States. On a motion for a new trial in an action tried without a jury, the court may open the judgment if one has been entered, take additional testimony, amend findings of fact and conclusions of law or make new findings and conclusions, and direct the entry of a new judgment.”
. See, infra, note 8.
. Fed.R.Civ.P. 60(b) provides in pertinent part that "[o]n motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party or a party's legal representative from a final judgment, order or proceeding for the following reasons: ... (2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b); (3) fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment is void; (5) the judgment has been satisfied, released, or discharged, or a prior judgment upon which it is based has been reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the judgment should have prospective application....”
. Plaintiffs' counsel’s argument that he honestly believed that the additional time requested would not begin to run until the Court granted the motion and notify it is unappealing. U.S.D.C. Local Rule 311(14)(B), as adopted by Rule 7001 of the Local Bankruptcy Rules, expressly state that ''fajll motions for extension of time shall state the expiration elate of the period sought to be extended and the expiration date of the proposed extension.” Thus, in requesting the extension of time to file his reply to the motion for summary judgment, the Plaintiffs had to specify the period of time requested, forty-five days, and when would it expire, October 27, 1997.