*1 Green, in Texas Cattle Co. v. Beef (Tex.1996), which Greani- INSURERS, MARKET LONDON as summary raised his motion for judg- Appellant, ment, aas claim Perry’s defense for tortious with interference contract. How-
ever, brief, as Perry Greanias states his AMERICAN HOME ASSURANCE did not assert a for claim tortious interfer- al., COMPANY, Appellees. et against ence with contract Greanias his No. 13-02-231-CV. Second Petition. Amended This claim was only Perry asserted the City of Court of Appeals Houston. Corpus Christi-Edinburg. Perry’s We overrule issue three. We Perry’s need not address issue two relat- Jan.
ing to quasi-judicial Greanias’s defense of
privilege, which only was raised connec-
tion with Greanias’s conduct related to the
audit.
CONCLUSION court properly granted sum-
mary judgment respect Perry’s with (1) process violations of due his speech rights free under (2)
Constitution and violations his First right
Amendment to free speech and his right pro-
Fourteenth Amendment due brought pursuant
cess to 42 section U.S.C.
1983. The trial grant- court also properly summary
ed judgment respect with to Per- (1) (2) slander,
ry’s defamation, claims for (3) intentional infliction of emotional
distress that are on based Greanias’s ac- conducting
tions related to the audit and
acting However, findings. audit’s
we reverse the trial court’s with (1) slander,
respect Perry’s claims for
(2) (3) defamation, and intentional infliction they
of emotional distress extent are alleged
based on Greanias’s statements fol-
lowing publication audit. We
remand the proceedings. cause further *2 Insurance Companies
(London Insurers), Market filing pursuing any declara- tory judgment appellees, *3 Asarco, (Asarco, Incorporated Inc.), Lac D’ Quebec, (LAQ), Amiante du Ltee Capeo Pipe (CAPCO), Inc. Company, other that would raise the same issues as those raised the Texas issues, By action. three Insurers contend the trial court its abused Brin, Brin, George G. Brin & appel- issuing discretion in injunc- anti-suit lant. tion. We affirm. Kovacs, Caron, Alexander J. Constants Wilson, Rutherford, NJ, & Alicia G. Cur- Background I. ran, Assoc., Dallas, Burt Barr & Charles J. 21, 2001, May pursuant On
Stoia,
to section
D. Jeffrey Campbell, Robert
J.
37.001 of the
Civil
Brennan,
Practice &
Porzio,
Reme-
Newman,
Bromberg &
Code,
Inc.,
Asarco,
dies
declaratory
filed a
Morristown, NJ,
Burk,
Cuyler
Parsipanny,
judgment
action in Texas. See Tex.
NJ,
Cobin,
Firm,
David
Moreira Law
New
Civ.
§§
PRAc. & Rem.Code Ann.
York, NY,
37.001-011
Meredith, Jr., Meredith,
M.W.
(Vernon
Supp.2003).
1997 &
Generally,
Abernethy,
Christi,
Donnell &
Corpus
Mi-
Asarco, Inc.,
judicial
“a
sought
determina-
chael R. Gregg,
Roloff, Merlo,
Russ D.
[Asarco,
tion of
rights
and duties of
Brinkmeier,
Danofsky
IL,
&
Chicago, Mi-
Inc.], and each of the defendants with re-
Olsan,
Williams,
chael S.
&White
Philadel-
spect
controversy
to an actual
arising out
phia, PA,
Chaney, Rodriguez,
Mitchell C.
[Asarco,
Inc.],
by
Policies issued
Brownsville,
Colvin Chaney,
&
Richard A.
Asarco,
Specifically,
Defendants.”
Crooker,
NJ,
Parsipanny,
Wayne B. Ma-
Inc., sought
declaratory
son,
Detert,
to de-
Moran Sedgwick,
Arnold,
termine
coverage
insurance
for alleged in-
Dallas, for appellees.
jury arising
exposure
to asbestos at
Before Chief Justice VALDEZ and
Asarco,
its
industrial facilities
Texas.
Justices
RODRIGUEZ
DORSEY.1
Inc.,
underlying
identified the
claims as
premises claims.
OPINION
2001,
2,
On October
London Market In-
Opinion by Justice RODRIGUEZ.
County,
surers filed suit in New York
interlocutory
York,
Asarco,
Inc.,
This
an
appeal
LAQ
an
in a
sought
entered
declarato-
They
declaratory judg-
CAPCO.
ry judgment
involving
ment to
determine insurance
See
coverage dispute.
products
liability
allegedly resulting
Tex.
Civ. PRác. &
51.014(a)(4) (Vernon
§
from exposure
asbestos
Rem.Code Ann.
Supp.2002).
LAQ
The district court Nueces
introduced
CAPCO
into the
County,
enjoined appellants, Cer-
stream of
They
commerce.
brought
London,
tain
at Lloyd’s,
Asarco, Inc.,
Underwriters
action against
corpo-
as the
Dorsey assigned
preme
pursuant
Retired Justice J. Bonner
Court of Texas
to Tex Gov't
(Vernon 1998).
by
§
this Court
the Chief Justice of
the Su
74.003
Code
Ann.
Payne,
v.
court. Gannon
LAQ and
affiliate of
parent
rate
and/or
(Tex.1986);
304,
Davis v.
CAPCO.
(Tex.1978);
859, 861-62
Huey, 571 S.W.2d
5, 2001, after the New
On November
v. Tri
Ins. Co.
Specialty
Am.
Lines
Int’l
filed, Asarco,
Inc.,
York action was
Ltd.,
337, 339
Energy
ton
add plaintiffs,
petition
amended
w.o.j.); Fina
pet. dism’d
App.-Dallas
By
peti-
LAQ
this amended
and CAPCO.
Alonso,
Oil & Chem. Co.
tion,
declaratory judg-
sought a
1996, no
Christi
(Tex.App.-Corpus
coverage for
ment
determine insurance
writ)
Walling
Metcalfe, 863
(citing
expo-
asserted
alleged injuries
caused
(Tex.1993)).
“A trial court
fiber or asbestos-contain-
sure to asbestos
*4
it
arbitrari
LAQ
when acts
or
abuses its discretion
ing
produced or sold
materials
un-
to
Appellees
unreasonably,
to these
without reference
ly
CAPCO.
referred
derlying
misapplies
claims as
claims.
or
principles,
rules or
guiding
facts of the
the
to the established
law
2002,
15,
filed a
appellees
On March
Operators,
Aquamarine
v.
case.” Downer
injunction asking
an
motion for
anti-suit
(Tex.1985).
Inc.,
238, 241-42
701 S.W.2d
injunction
an
preclud-
the Texas court for
reviewing
consider “[wheth
A
court must
prose-
ing London Market Insurers from
arbitrary
is so
er the trial court’s action
cuting
any
New York
other
the
action
the
of reasonable
that it exceeds
bounds
interpretation
actions relative to
of the
discretion,”
may
the
court
18,
appellate
but
April
at
On
policies
issue.
of
2002,
judgment for that
District Court
not
County
the Nueces
substitute
injunction against Lon-
v. Ran
judge. City
issued an anti-suit
trial
San Antonio
of
kin,
427,
Insurers. The trial court
(Tex.App.-San
don Market
430
905 S.W.2d
appellees
found that
“established
1995, writ);
Tex. Foundries
Antonio
no
see
a
present[ed]
New York Action
threat
to
Foundry
Workers’
v. Int’l Moulders
jurisdiction
of
and that
issuance
an
[its]
239, 244-45,
Union,
248 S.W.2d
151 Tex.
injunction
pre-
necessary
anti-suit
to
[was]
(1952).
460,
Drawing
legitimate
all
463
important
vent
of
Texas public
the evasion
light
in the
inferences from
evidence
a
policy
prevent
multiplicity
of
ruling,
most favorable to
trial court’s
suits.”
further found that
It
“es-
“some
exists
which
where
basis”
very
cir-
special
tablished
existence of
it
have
held as
properly
trial court could
potential
irrepa-
for an
cumstances and
did,
no
of
can be
abuse
discretion.
there
justice
to warrant the
miscarriage
rable
813,
Milton,
948 S.W.2d
See Munson
injunction.”
an
issuance of
anti-suit
1997, pet. de
(Tex.App.-San Antonio
815
enjoined
Market Insur-
London
Antonio,
at
nied); City
905 S.W.2d
San
pursuing any insurance
“filing
ers from
or
declaratory
action
coverage
Inc.,
[Asarco,
LAQ, and
CAPCO]
Analysis
III.
jurisdiction
that would raise
other
action,
the same issues as those
this
Injunction
A. Anti-suit
including
specifically
without limitation the
appropri
An anti-suit
...
currently pending
...
action
1)
a
to address
York,
ate in four instances:
County York.”
State of New
New
2)
jurisdiction;
threat
to the court’s
II. Standard of Review
public
important
prevent
the evasion
3)
suits;
multiplicity
a
injunc
policy;
prevent
Issuance
4)
or
protect
party
from vexatious
discretion of
tion rests within
sound
harassing litigation. Golden
posed
Rule Ins. Co. New York
a threat
to the court’s
(Tex.1996)
Harper,
649,
925 S.W.2d
Texas. London Market In-
curiam); Gannon,
(per
argue
London
argue
Market Insurers also
principles
Rule,
established
Golden
the relation back
expressed
doctrine as
proper
injunc
of an
issuance
Isbell does
apply
not
in this case because
Rule,
tion. See Golden
at 651.
the doctrine is derived from a statute and
Drawing
legitimate
all
inferences from the
applies only to limitation issues. See Tex.
light
evidence
most favorable to
(Ver-
Civ. Prac. §
16.068
Rem.Code Ann.
1997);
ruling,
court’s
we
Isbell,
conclude there was
non
fairly applied in this instance. (2) multiplicity pre suits will Because we have concluded the evidence Rule, vented. See S.W.2d at establishes there is a threat to the court’s 651. jurisdiction, an anti-suit is ap propriate guidelines under the of Golden Irreparable Miscarriage C. of Justice
Rule. See Golden
925 S.W.2d at
*7
651(anti-suit injunction
By
issue,
in
appropriate
four
their third
instances).
non-inclusive
trial
court’s
Insurers assert
the
court erred in
in
decision
this matter did not exceed
finding
the
the New
may
York action
establish
See, e.g., Hallaway
484,
Thompson,
v.
(Tex.App.-Austin
148 Tex.
S.W.2d
487 & 493
471, 481-82,
816,
1988, writ)
226
822-23
(applied
no
relation back doctrine
1950) (amendment
defendant,
adding
plaintiffs);
names same
partners
to amendment
as
changes
sued);
Farms, Inc.,
capacity
but
Ferguson
in
he is
Ferguson,
which
Seed
v.
52
82, 87-88,
354,
Campbell,
v.
Conn
119 Tex.
24
(Tex.Civ.App.-Eastland
356-57
813,
(1930)
1932, writ)
(orig.proceeding)
815-16
(citing
propo
for
several cases
(where
attaches,
jurisdiction
power
pleading
court has
sition that
based on "same contract”
permit
pleadings
amendment of
that
original pleading
original
relate
as
relates back
originally
back to the date
filed insofar as
pleading); Threadgill v. Fed. Land Bank of
concerned);
Houston,
345,
jurisdictional
(Tex.Civ.
question is
Cleve
26 S.W.2d
347-48
Ward,
1, 17-18,
1930,
dism’d) (when
land v.
116 Tex.
App.-Fort
285 S.W.
Worth
writ
1063,
(1926)
(same);
(orig.proceeding)
1070
defendant’s
in
defense increased amount
con
Kenyon-Warner
v.
Dredging
Isbell
troversy,
court concluded
was not
528,
(1924)
court,
(jurisdic
Tex.
destroyed
having
S.W.
because a
once ac
tion,
lawfully
properly acquired,
quired
once
and
right
purpose,
one
has
for
destroyed by
petition
amended
that
properly
questions litigat
increased
to have all
involved
Chen,
controversy);
suit).
amount in
Chien
ed
in that
already concluded that
irreparable
an
We have
potential
miscarriage
one
injunction
addressed
justice. They
appropriately
first claim the trial court
the
clearly
set forth
York
the
defined instances
erred
the New
action was
because
Rule,
suit,
New York action
and
that
the
the first-filed
the Texas amend- Golden
court’s
a threat
to the Texas
original
ment cannot relate back
the
constituted
Rule,
above,
925 S.W.2d
petition.
analysis
jurisdiction.
on our
See Golden
Based
of consid
however,
un-
651. The second touchstone
argument
we find this
be
at
injunctive
relief
persuasive.
eration
anti-suit
“to
injunction
necessary
was
whether
Market
Insurers
next
London
miscarriage
jus
irreparable
prevent
appro
contend that New York is the more
(cit
Ins.,
at
tice.” Forum
929 S.W.2d
disputes
forum for contract
with
priate
652).
at
ing respect
issue
potential
“irrepa-
In
evaluating
(1)
of:
of contacts
because
number
justice,” the
miscarriage of
cir-
rable
York, which are not
replicated
New
entry
justifying
cumstances
of anti-suit
(2)
Texas;
“strong
likelihood” that
“special
must exceed mere
apply
will
New York
law
justify entry of
circumstances.” To
(3)
coverage issues;
long
and
and ex
injunction,
“very
anti-suit
there must
history that
tensive
York courts
“compelling
circumstances.”
special”
claims,
addressing
policies,
have
these
omitted).
(citations
conclude
thusWe
parties.
rely
London Market Insurers
entry of anti-suit
that in order for the
Gilbert,
Corp.
Oil
330 U.S.
Gulf
stand,
injunction to
those circumstances
(1947)
507-08,
67 S.Ct.
coverage. Harper
then
and re
a temporary injunction
ceived
IV. Conclusion
proceeding in
Illi
Golden Rule from
Accordingly, the trial court’s issuance of
appeals
nois
action. The
affirmed
the anti-suit
is affirmed.
only
and found that the Illinois action
con
sisted
defensive issues and was the
Opinion
Dissenting
image”
Retired Justice J.
“mirror
the Texas suit. The
*9
BONNER
appeals
duplica
DORSEY.
court
the
of
reasoned that
(Tex.
court);
Payne,
1. Gannon v.
S.W.2d 304
unanimous
and
Rule
Co. v.
Golden
Ins.
1986) (J. Kilgarlin writing for a
(Tex. 1996)
unanimous
Harper,
(per
7H
Gannon,
at 307.
injunction.”
706 S.W.2d
would cre
tion of effort
the two courts
pro
to
judicial
must be allowed
resulting
havoc with
waste of
a suit
ate
Such
weighed heavily
favor of the
other circumstances
resources
ceed absent some
necessary
injunction.
an
render
which
miscarriage
“prevent
irreparable
an
to
disagreed,
court
and held
supreme
The
Merely
justice.”
the
because
Id.
supported by
is
reasoning
that such
not
present
identical
issues does
suits
Gannon,
said, “In
not
It
we did
decisions.
“irreparable
an
proceeding
make their
argument
pursuing a de
accept the
that
miscarriage
justice.”
claratory judgment action
a Canadian
that
have
on issues
could
been
court
(em-
Rule,
at 651-52
925 S.W.2d
Golden
filed Texas
brought as defenses
the first
added).
phasis
resources,
was a waste of
let
proceeding
case, although
to
Turning
the instant
such additional
would
expense
alone that
the actions
question
is
whether
there
some
injunction against
justify an
the Canadian
that
York are so similar
Gannon,
proceedings.
307-
the local court’s
foreign
the
suit threatens
risk of
agree
Nor did we
that
the
08.
The
I
assume it to be so.
jurisdiction, will
judgments
significant
inconsistent
was a
jurisdiction first
acquired
Texas court
one, ...”
at 651.
mat-
jurisdiction in the
thus has dominant
accept
to
additionally
The court
refused
question then
what are
ter. The
by
ap-
the distinction made
the court of
injunc-
that
special
require
circumstances
peals
image” proceed-
between a “mirror
irreparable miscarriage of
tion to avoid an
ing
“ordinary single parallel” pro-
and an
so concluded so
justice.
judge
The trial
ceeding, where the court of
held
appeals
order,
examine
evi-
his
but we must
although
ordinary single parallel
an
if
determine
dence and circumstances
enjoined
not
a “mirror
proceeding could
was correct.
his decision
image” proceeding could be.
majority
finds
circumstances
special
reject
implicit
of the
We
distinction
by
a policy provision
a
from breach
single
pro
court
between
parallel
below
Insurers, by
they
which
ceeding
image
and mirror
proceedings,
jurisdiction
any
submit to the
agreed to
disapprove
language
of Ad
we
competent
within
court
Atchison,
miral
Topeka
[Co.
Ins.
By
agreement, Lon-
this
United States.
Ry,
Sante Fe
a
submit to
agreed
Market Insurers
don
denied)],
App.
writ
Worth
— Fort
and to be
by appellees
selected
extent it offers such a rationale.
by
judgment.2
bound
approach
give adequate
This
fails to
However,
a
comity
I
not find that to be such
weight
principle
do
as to constitute
exception
circumstance so
special
threatens
allow the
swal
justice
before,
by
“if
irreparable miscarriage
rule.
we
low the
As
have said
I
a
believe such
principle
comity
provision.
is to have
breach of
breach,
is,
if
it
could be remedied
single
proceeding
a
indeed
application,
parallel
damages.
a
action for
justify issuing
by
...
an anti-suit
later
cannot
injunction,
dis
justification
the anti suit
I
Although of Amer.
recent Dallas case
Specialty
Energy,
agree
Int’l
Lines Ins. Co. Triton
The case was
with the conclusion.
Ltd.,
(Tex. App.
court and dissolve the Because not, majority does I respectfully dis-
sent. RAPE, Appellant,
Brenda Gail LAB, Carter,
M.O. DENTAL Gerald W. Zuber, Zuber, K.
Michael and Lora
Appellees.
No. 2-01-302-CV.
Court of Appeals of
Fort Worth.
Jan.
