17 Ga. App. 136 | Ga. Ct. App. | 1915
The indictment alleged, in substance, that the accused, by fraudulently representing to W. A. McLain, “as president of City National Bank of Dawson, Ga.,” that he (the accused) was the owner of a tract of land known as the Wall place, and of á half interest in 130 acres of land in Terrell county, the other half of which belonged to his brother, induced the said City National Bank to extend him a credit or lend him six hundred dollars, and that by reason of this fact the City National Bank sustained a loss of six hundred dollars, and the defendant was guilty of the offense of cheating and swindling. The defendant demurred to the 'indictment generally, because the allegations therein were not sufficient to charge a violation of law, and specially, (1) because it was not alleged whether the City National Bank was a corporation, firm, or individual, or otherwise a person who was authorized to extend credit and who was capable of being defrauded; (2) because it was not alleged what was the relationship of W. A. McLain to the bank, and his authority to execute the loan was not set forth; (3) because the indictment was defective in that the nature of the loan in question and it's form, character, and terms were not sufficiently set forth; and (4) because the name of the brother referred to in the indictment was not set forth, nor the place known as the “Wall place” sufficiently described.
We think the court correctly overruled the demurrer. It is plain that the term “City National Bank” imports a corporation; and a corporation as well as an individual may be defrauded so as to subject one who perpetrates a fraud to criminal liability under the provisions of section 703 of the Penal Code, under which the accused was indicted.
It was immaterial what was the name of the brother of the accused who was alleged to have been a copartner or tenant in common with the accused in the ownership of the 130 acres of land in Terrell county. The averment of the indictment was that the bank was defrauded by the representations of the accused, which were false and made with an intention to deceive. It was alleged that the accused claimed to own a half interest in that part of the property described. If the defendant claimed only to own a half interest in the land, the prosecutor would have been defrauded as much and no more than the value of the interest of the accused therein. The fraud consisted in the representation made that the defendant owned certain land in connection with his brother. The quantum of the brother’s interest or the quantum of another’s interest would simply be the measure hy which to determine whether any false representations had been made, and whether the person alleged to
The court’ overruled a motion for a new trial, and this is the basis of the remaining exceptions. The first three special grounds of the motion are without merit. The court permitted the witness McLain to testify that he was president of the City National Bank; and we think this was proper. If the indictment had alleged that the representations were made to “W. A. McLain, president,” the designation might have been taken as descriptio personae; but the allegation that they were made to McLain “as president of the bank,” sufficiently states that they were made to him as president, and not as an individual.
The court did not err in admitting the evidence of McLain to the effect that he knew that the accused “had an equity in the land which was as good as a title;” for, under the statement in the indictment, the accused was the owner of the property with a part of the purchase-money unpaid. The term “owner” does not necessarily imply that the person thus described is the absolute owner or the owner in fee of realty. The holder of a bond for title tt> land, with a part of the purchase-money paid, is, to all intents and purposes, the owner of the land.
In our opinion the court erred in admitting the testimony of J. Pat Perry, to the effect that he heard the defendant make a statement in the last of March, 1913, that he owned land, and that he owned the “Wall place” at that time. The date of the transaction alleged in the indictment was January 2, 1913, and it is immaterial who owned the “Wall place” in the last of March, 1913. The real question was who owned it at the time the representations and the advance were made, and what was the motive of the defendant in making the statement that he owned the property. Under the
The court, over objection of the defendant’s counsel to the effect that the record containing a judgment adjudging the defendant to be a bankrupt was not competent, excluded it from the evidence. It appears, however, that the solicitor-general had a certified copy of the record of the proceeding in which the defendant was adjudged a bankrupt. The solicitor-general stated that he proposed to state to the court what he expected to prove by the document which he tendered. Defendant’s counsel objected to this statement. The . court permitted State’s counsel to proceed with his statement as to what would be established by the record were the document introduced, but took no affirmative action to exclude the statement until the solicitor-general had made a statement of the contents of the proceedings in bankruptcy; and the court, after admitting the testimony, withdrew it from “the consideration of the jury and instructed them to pay no attention to the remarks of the solicitor-general.” It would have been the better practice for the judge to have privately inspected the document and to have ruled the proof of its contents to be inadmissible. The defendant made no further motion in regard to the testimony after the court directed the jury to exclude it from their consideration. We think the defendant was perhaps prejudiced by the statement made by the solicitor-general, and it may be, as insisted by counsel, that the statement of the solicitor-general was made merely to call the attention of the jury to a fact which could not be legally proved upon the trial; but inasmuch as no motion to declare a mistrial was made, the point must be deemed to have been waived by the defendant.
We think the court erred in admitting the testimony of Worthy; the cashier of the bank, over the objection of the defendant’s coun
In the brief of counsel for the plaintiff in error no reference is made to the assignment of error contained in the 6th special ground of the motion for a new trial, and consequently this ground must be treated as having been abandoned.
The charge of the court to which exception is taken in the 8th special ground of the motion conformed to the allegations of the indictment, and is free from error. It is true that the court charged the jury that if they believed that the defendant falsely represented to the president of the bank, acting in its behalf, that he was the owner of an equity in the place known as the “Wall place,” when in fact he was not such an owner, the jury would be authorized to convict, provided, of course, loss had been sustained by the bank and the other essential elements of the offense had been proved to their satisfaction. This instruction is excepted to on two grounds: (1) that the instruction amplified the charge in the indictment, and (2) that there was a variance between the allegations of the indictment and the proof as to the ownership of the land in question. The indictment charged that Livingston represented that he was the owner of a piece of land known as the “Wall place,” and that all the purchase-money except one note had been paid. The plaintiff in error contends that the “ownership” of real estate can only be properly asserted when the alleged owner is entitled to the realty in fee simple. We can not concur in this view. There may be ownership of an equity in realty as well as ownership in fee simple. The indictment alleged that the property was subject to incumbrance, and that the defendant claimed only to be the owner of an equity. The proof sufficiently conformed to the allegations, and there was no error in the instruction.
Except as pointed out in this opinion, the trial appears to have been free from error; but, for the reasons stated, and since the case as made was a close one upon the facts, the judgment of the trial judge in refusing a new trial will be
Reversed.