553 A.2d 1020 | Pa. Commw. Ct. | 1989
Opinion by
Lincoln Intermediate Unit (LIU) and Tuscarora School District have moved for peremptory judgment in mandamus, asking this court to compel the Pennsylvania Department of Education (DOE) to comply with statutes and regulations governing special education and to approve or disapprove LIU’s plan amendments and budget for the 1988-1989 school year without regard to DOE’s funding allocations or other fiscal restraints.
Senior Judge Bucher of this court denied the petitioners’ motion for peremptory judgment on September 1, 1988. LIU sought review of Judge Bucher’s decision under Pa. R.A.P. 123(e).
LIU submitted plan amendments and estimated costs of implementing LIU’s plan for the 1988-1989 school year in March, 1988. At approximately the same time, LIU developed a budget for the 1988-1989 school year. In May 1988, DOE sent to LIU and all other intermediate units a memorandum that assigned to each intermediate unit funding allocations that reflected the overall state funds available for special education.
In that memorandum, DOE included instructions for the submission of plan amendments stating that “prior to submission, of budgets to [DOE]”, each unit and school district should amend their combined plan “to accommodate 1988-1989 funding resources.” The instructions added that “the combined net intermediate unit and member school district budgetary payment requests for state special education funding may not exceed the allocation ...
The memorandum includes a description of the budgetary review process:
PDE [DOE] review of combined budgets of each intermediate unit and its member school districts will determine whether the budgets are, as a whole (a) consistent with the intermediate unit plan, as that plan includes programs for which state funding is being sought, and (b) within the allocations available. If the combined budget fail to satisfy either condition (a) or (b), or both, they will be disapproved for state funds. (Emphasis added.)
DOE claims that peremptory judgment is not appropriate because: (1) there are several facts in dispute; (2) DOE acted within the statutory and regulatory framework; and, (3) the petitioners have not exhausted the administrative remedies available to them.
This court will grant a motion for peremptory judgment only if the rights of the petitioner are clear—that is, only if the petitioner is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Aiken v. Radnor Township Board of Supervisors, 83 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 190, 476 A.2d 1383 (1984); Pa. R.C.P. No. 1098. Because granting or denying a motion for peremptory judgment involves the application of law to undisputed facts, we will grant a motion for peremptory judgment only when no issues of material fact exist. Shaler Area School District v. Salakas, 494 Pa. 630, 432 A.2d 165 (1981); Wolgemuth v. Kleinfelter, 63 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 395, 437 A.2d 1329 (1981).
A court may issue a writ of mandamus to compel the performance of a ministerial act or mandatory duty only where a clear legal right exists in the petitioner, a corresponding duty rests with the respondent, and when no other adequate remedy exists. Shaler.
Petitioners assert that the applicable special education statutes and regulations require DOE to base approval or disapproval of plan amendments and budgets solely on programmatic criteria, and that DOE may not
Although LIU is correct in stating that DOE has disapproved some plan amendments that admittedly relate to programmatic needs when the cost of implementing those plans exceeds available overall funding, the pleadings, affidavits and exhibits do not clearly establish that DOE has rejected plan amendments solely because a plan exceeds available funds.
DOE claims that fiscal considerations are only one factor in DOE’s decision-making process, despite language in DOE’s plan amendment instruction that states that payment requests should not exceed the established allocation. DOE states in its-brief that that language is precatory and not mandatory.
The memorandum instructs the intermediate units to “accommodate” funding resources in developing plans for the school year. Then DOE conditions approval of the submitted budget on whether or not the budgets are “as a whole” consistent with the approved plan and within the amount of funds available for special education.
The applicable statutes do not preclude DOE from considering fiscal restraints as a factor in making a decision to disapprove an intermediate unit’s plan or budget. Section 2509.1 of the Public School Code of 1949 (Public School Code), Act of March 10, 1949, P.L. 30, as amended, 24 P.S. §25-2509.1, requires the Commonwealth to pay intermediate units directly for the costs of educating exceptional children. In turn, for each exceptional child in an intermediate unit program, the school district in which an exceptional child resides must reimburse the Commonwealth the amount the district would have to pay to educate a regular child. In essence, the Commonwealth pays the difference in costs of education between an exceptional child and a normal child regard
Intermediate units administer special education programs and services in accordance with the intermediate unit’s plan for special education as directed by Section 1372(2) of the Public School Code, 24 P.S. §13-1372(2):
Plans for Education and Training Exceptional Children. Each intermediate unit, cooperatively with other intermediate units and with school districts shall prepare and submit to the Superintendent of Public Instruction, on or before the first day of August... for his approval or disapproval, plans for the proper education and training of all exceptional children in accordance with the standards and regulations adopted by the State Board of Education. Plans as provided for in this section shall be subject to revision from time to time as conditions warrant, subject to the approval of the Superintendent of Public Instruction. (Emphasis added.)
As authorized by that statute, the State Board of Education has adopted regulations at 22 Pa. Code §§341.32-341.35 that address the development, content, and approval of intermediate plans. Section 341.35(b) provides the criteria that should be used to determine whether an intermediate unit has complied with the terms of 22 Pa. Code §§341.32 and 341.33.
Thus, an intermediate unit must comply with §341.33 before DOE can approve a plan. Section 341.33 directs intermediate units to assign priorities to the needs of an
If we were to accept LIU’s argument that fiscal restraints should not be considered, we would also have to question the substance of the applicable statutes and regulations, which essentially mandate minimum special education requirements and direct school districts and intermediate units to provide services first to those children who are “more severely handicapped before programs are provided for the less severely handicapped 22 Pa. Code §341.33(3)(i). DOE must consider the reality of funding allocations because the legislature has not appropriated enough money to enable intermediate units and school districts to implement every desirable program an intermediate unit or school district would like to include in their special education formats.
The statutes and regulations require DOE to approve budgets that are reasonably consistent with the approved intermediate unit’s plan amendments. Therefore, DOE must approve an intermediate unit’s plan before the department can approve the intermediate unit’s budget.
LIU suggests that peremptory judgment is appropriate in this case because DOE’s alleged failure to implement the départment’s regulations' concerning disapproval of plans and notice and hearing causes the administrative remedies, although ostensibly available, to be inadequate. DOE argues that LIU did not raise this issue in the petition for review. We disagree. LIU asks this court in the petition for review to compel DOE to comply with all of the special education statutes and regulations. The special education regulations prescribe a particular
The regulations relating to disapproval of plans provide:
(c) Disapproval. Plans which do not meet the requirements of §§341.31 and 341.32 will be disapproved. Prior to disapproval, appropriate division personnel will discuss the plan and suggest modifications with appropriate intermediate unit or school district personnel, or both.
(d) Hearing. If a plan is disapproved, the intermediate unit shall be entitled to a notice and a hearing under 2 Pa. C. S. §§501-508 and 701-704 (relating to Administrative Agency Law) and 1 Pa. Code Part II (relating to general rules of administration and procedure).
22 Pa. Code §341.35. LIU argues that DOE has not complied with subsection (c) because DOE allegedly did not discuss the plan amendments with LIU before disapproving the plan amendments.
Nevertheless, if LIU is correct in asserting that DOE did not discuss the plan amendments before notifying LIU of disapproval, then peremptory judgment could be granted for the limited purpose of compelling DOE to discuss the plan amendments with LIU before DOE disapproves the plan—a mandatory procedure required by 22 Pa. Code §341.35(c).
Because LIU and DOE dispute whether the required discussion took place before DOE disapproved the plan amendments, an evidentiary hearing for determination of this matter may be required.
Order
NOW, January 25, 1989, denial of petitioners’ motion for peremptory judgment is confirmed.
22 Pa. Code §341.31.
DOE claims to have,discussed the disapproved amendments with LIU on August 30, 1988. See the affidavit of Bernie Manning attached to DOE’s brief as Exhibit “D”.
In applying Pa. R.C.P. No. 1098, this court may order an evidentiary hearing in order to determine that the factual basis for decision is clear. Board of Commissioners of Montgomery County v. Lukens, 51 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 576, 415 A.2d 118 (1980), aff'd 494 Pa. 64, 428 A.2d 972 (1981). Of course, if a hearing is sought, it could serve as a final hearing in mandamus.
LIU avers that the notice provided by DOE was inadequate. Although 22 Pa. Code §341.1 requires that notice be written, the definition does not define the content of the notice required. However, in light of the fact that DOE must discuss disapproval before notification, the two provisions provide sufficient notification if DOE complies with both §341.35(c) and (d).