LEE W. RAND, JEREMY D. BOYCE, KEISHA M. GUICHARD, AND EDMOND J. HARRIS v. CITY OF NEW ORLEANS
NO. 2014-CA-2506
Supreme Court of Louisiana
June 30, 2015
NEWS RELEASE #032
KNOLL, J.
FOR IMMEDIATE NEWS RELEASE; FROM: CLERK OF SUPREME COURT OF LOUISIANA; Parish of Orleans; ON APPEAL FROM THE CIVIL DISTRICT COURT FOR THE PARISH OF ORLEANS
FOR IMMEDIATE NEWS RELEASE NEWS RELEASE #032
FROM: CLERK OF SUPREME COURT OF LOUISIANA
The Opinions handed down on the 30th day of June, 2015, are as follows:
BY KNOLL, J.:
2014-CA-2506 LEE W. RAND, JEREMY D. BOYCE, KEISHA M. GUICHARD, AND EDMOND J. HARRIS v. CITY OF NEW ORLEANS (Parish of Orleans)
Accordingly, because plaintiffs have failed to follow the strictures of motion for summary judgment procedure, we dеcline to address the merits of plaintiffs’ constitutional challenge. Due to the fatal flaws present in plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment, we reverse the District Court‘s judgment granting the permanent injunction, reinstate the рreliminary injunction prohibiting the City from undertaking any hearings based on this ordinance, and remand the matter to the trial court for further proceedings.
REVERSED; PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION REINSTATED; REMANDED.
JOHNSON, C.J., concurs in result.
06/30/15
KNOLL, J.
In 2007, the City of New Orleans (the “City“) enacted a group of ordinances, codified as Sections 154-1701 through 15-1704 of its Code of Ordinances, which created the Automated Traffic Enforcement System (“ATES“). In 2011, plaintiffs filed a “Petition for Preliminary and Permanent Injunction,” alleging the administrative hearing procedure set out in these ordinances violated
The enforcement procedure for the City of New Orleans’ (“CNO‘s“) Automated Traffic Enforcement System gives the CNO administrative authority to adjudicate violations. (New Orleans, La. Municipаl Code of 2011, Article XVII, Sec. 154-1701).
The CNO, therefore, has a financial stake in the outcome of the cases adjudicated by hearing officers in their employ and/or paid by them, raising due process cоnsiderations.
Thereafter, the City filed a supervisory writ application with the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeal. The Fourth Circuit affirmed, agreeing with the trial court‘s assessment of the due process problems inherent in the ATES administrative adjudication procedure and finding that “the trial court did not abuse its discretion because the Plaintiffs presented prima facie evidence that they are entitled to the preliminary injunction and may prevail on the merits.”1 The City filed a supervisory writ application with this Court seeking review of the District Court‘s judgment granting the plaintiffs the preliminary injunction. This Court unanimously denied the City‘s writ.2
Plaintiffs then filed a motion for summary judgment, arguing therе is no genuine issue of material fact in dispute and they are entitled to summary judgment granting a permanent injunction as a matter of law based solely “on the affidavits attached and the opinion of the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals [sic] and the concurring opinion of Judge Belsom [sic].” Attached to the plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment were (1) the affidavits of plaintiffs, Keisha M. Guichard, Edmond J. Harris, Lee W. Rand, and Jeremy Boyce, (2) the District Court‘s judgment granting plaintiffs the preliminary injunction, along with the court‘s written reasons for judgment, (3) the Fourth Circuit‘s opinion affirming the judgment granting the preliminary injunction, and (4) this Court‘s action sheet, denying the City‘s application for supervisory review of the preliminary injunction. The City opposed the plaintiffs’ motion, arguing that a motion for
IT IS ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED, that a permanent injunction issue herein, without bond, enjoining, prohibiting and restraining the City of New Orleans from conducting any administrative hearings by the enabling ordinance section 154-1701 et seq.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED,
- Declaring the process of hearing unconstitutional and violative of the State Constitution Declaration of Rights article.
- Ordering the City to terminate all attempts at hearings until the City corrects the process.
- Find [sic] that all hearings held between February 2008 and present be declared in violation of the State Constitution.
- All other general and equitable relief and the cost of these proceedings.
The City‘s direct appeal to this Court followed.
Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 966 governs the procedure on a motion for summary judgment. Pаragraph F is particularly relevant to our disposition of the present case. The first two subparagraphs of Paragraph F provide:
(1) A summary judgment may be rendered or affirmed only as to those issues sеt forth in the motion under consideration by the court at that time.
(2) Evidence cited in and attached to the motion for summary judgment or memorandum filed by an adverse party is deemed admitted for purposes оf the motion for summary judgment unless excluded in response to an objection made in accordance with Subparagraph (3) of this Paragraph. Only evidence admitted for purposes of the motion for summary judgment may be considered by the court in its ruling on the motion....4
Upon de novo review of plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment and supporting evidence, we found numerous procedural problems with plaintiffs’ offerings. First, although plaintiffs prаy for summary judgment “[d]eclaring the process of hearing unconstitutional and violative of the State Constitution Declaration of Rights article,” plaintiffs do not attack the constitutionality of the administrative hеaring procedure anywhere in their motion for summary judgment. Rather, the only argument plaintiffs raise in their motion is that they are entitled to summary judgment granting a permanent injunction because the Court of Appеal affirmed the District Court‘s judgment granting them a preliminary injunction. As the City points out in its brief, the burden of proof a plaintiff must meet to obtain a preliminary injunction is entirely different than the burden one must meet to obtain a permanent injunction. As this Court has explained,
The issuance of a permanent injunction takes place only after a trial on the merits in which the burden of proof is a preponderance of the evidence, but a preliminary injunction may be issued on merely a prima facie showing by the plaintiff that he is entitled to relief. Notably, parties may agree to consolidate trial on the merits of a permanent injunсtion with the judgment issuing a preliminary injunction.5
The parties in this case did not stipulate to consolidate the trial on the merits of a permanent injunction with the judgment issuing the preliminary injunction. Indeed, the Court of Appeal made it very clear in its opinion that it merely found that plaintiffs “presented prima facie evidence that they are entitled to the preliminary injunction and may prevail on the merits.”6 Therefore, as a matter оf law, plaintiffs would not be entitled to summary judgment granting a permanent injunction based solely on the fact that the District Court and the Court of Appeal determined it made the prima facie showing requisite to obtaining a preliminary injunction. Therefore, the District Court erred in finding plaintiffs were entitled to summary judgment on this basis. Because this is the only issue plaintiffs set forth in their motion for summary judgment, it is the only issue upon which summary judgment could be rendered or аffirmed.7 As such, the constitutionality of the administrative hearing procedure is not properly before us.
Moreover, even if we were to countenance plaintiffs’ prayer for summary judgment “[d]eclaring thе process of hearing unconstitutional and violative of the State Constitution Declaration of Rights article” as sufficient to place the constitutionality of the administrative hearing procedurе at issue, plaintiffs’ evidentiary offering “for purposes of the motion for summary judgment”8 was woefully inadequate. In addition to providing the procedure for admitting evidence for purposes of a motion for summary judgment, Article 966(F)(2) also plainly delimits the materials courts may consider on a motion for summary judgment. Under Article 966(F)(2), “[e]vidence cited in and attached to the motion for summary judgment or memorandum filed by an advеrse party is deemed admitted for purposes of the motion for summary judgment unless excluded....” (emphasis added). Here, the only evidence plaintiffs cite and attach to their motion for summary judgment is plaintiffs’ аffidavits, the District Court‘s judgment granting the preliminary injunction, the Court of Appeal‘s opinion affirming that judgment, and this Court‘s action sheet denying the City‘s writ application seeking review of the judgment granting the preliminary injunction. Likewise, the only evidence the City submitted in opposition was the District Court‘s judgment, the Court of Appeal‘s opinion, and this Court‘s action sheet. Although the record on appeal contains additional materials which would be very helpful if the Court were to take up the constitutionality of the administrative hearing procedure on its merits, these materials are not within the field of evidence properly subjeсt to the Court‘s consideration as “[o]nly evidence admitted for
Accordingly, because plaintiffs have failed to follow the strictures of motion for summary judgment procedure, we decline to address the merits of plaintiffs’ constitutional challenge. Due to the fatal flaws present in plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment, we revеrse the District Court‘s judgment granting the permanent injunction, reinstate the preliminary injunction prohibiting the City from undertaking any hearings based on this ordinance, and remand the matter to the trial court for further procеedings.10
REVERSED; PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION REINSTATED; REMANDED.
06/30/15
JOHNSON, C.J., concurs in the result.