111 N.Y.S. 998 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1908
The action is on claims assigned to plaintiff by Michael B. Leavitt. Three causes of action are set forth in the complaint but upon the trial the plaintiff' stood upon the first and waived the second and third. The plaintiff’s assignor was' a theatrical manager and the defendant is an actor by profession. Plaintiff’s assignor and one McLellan were copartners as theatrical managers. On or about -the 19th day of Hovember, 1905, plaintiff’s assignor and McLellan entered into a contract in writing with the defendant, under date of the 23d day of October, 1905, concerning the organization of a theatrical company for the purpose of touring through the Hnited States and Canada with the defendant as the star artiste. The defendant came to Hew York and appeared at the Madison Square Theatre in an engagement procured for him and his company by the plaintiff’s assignor and his partnership, pursuant to- the contract. Thereafter and on the 27th day of January, 1906,- another contract was made between plaintiff’s assignor and his partner, as copartners and individually, designated as parties of the first part, and the defendant, designated as party of the second part, in and by which the former contract of' October 23, 1905, was canceled and annulled. As a condition of canceling and annulling the former contract the defendant agreed, among ther things, to pay the plaintiff “ the sum of Two hundred dollars ($200) a week for seventeen (17) weeks, after February 5, 1906, payable at- the end of each week, out of the salary of said party of the second .part which he may receive.” After reciting other -agreements on the part of the defendant,- not material to the issue presented by this appeal, the contract further provided as follows: “ It is
It is quite clear that the court erred in receiving this ¿vidence. It tended to vary the written contract, which expressly provided that the defendant was not to pay excepting from salary received by him, and that he should not be obligated to make the weekly payments in case he should not perform. The evidence at most consisted of parol negotiations prior to the execution of the contract which were merged in it. If the evidence be deemed an agreement of the parties with respect to the interpretation of the contract, that does not . aid the plaintiff. The practical construction of a contract aids in its Interpretation, but a parol agreeement as to the mea/ning of a contract may not be resorted to for the purpose of construing it, although in some cases it may be important evidence in an action to reform the instrument. The court should be slow in allowing a formal contract in writing, executed by parties represented by counsel, to be changed or modified by parol evidence. The contract must be conclusively deemed to embrace the entire obligation of the defendant with respect to the weekly payments of $200, and since it was not shown that he performed or earned a salary during the seven weeks in question, he is not liable to the plaintiff.
It follows that the judgment and order should be reversed and a . new trial granted, with costs to appellant to abide the event.
Ingraham, McLaughlin, Houghton and Scott, JJ., concurred.
Judgment and order reversed, new trial ordered, costs to appellant to abide event.