39 Mo. App. 318 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1890
This is an action of replevin instituted by the plaintiffs against defendant, sheriff of Nodaway county, for the recovery of a stock of boots and shoes. Defendant had judgment below and plaintiffs appeal to this court. The cause was submitted to the court, sitting as a jury, on an agreed statement of facts, the substance of which is as follows:
Wm. A. Daggett, a retail boot and shoe merchant, at Maryville, Missouri, had, in the prosecution of his business, become indebted, in various sums, to several firms of wholesale dealers, among whom were plaintiffs, Lawrence, Manning & Cushing and some five other firms. Plaintiffs’ claim against said Daggett consisted-of a past due account and some overdue notes amounting to fifteen hundred dollars.- About April, 1888, plaintiffs purchased the entire stock of boots and shoes from Daggett, and in payment thereof turned over to
I. The attaching creditors (who are the real parties in interest, the sheriff being only nominal defendant) base their right to the goods in controversy on section 2353, Revised Statutes, 1879, which i’eads as follows: “Personal property shall in all cases be subject to execution on a judgment against the purchaser for the purchase price thereof, and shall in no case be exempt from such judgment and execution, except in the hands of an innocent purchaser, for value, without notice of the existence of such prior claim for the purchase money. ” This statute creates in the vendor of personal property a right (in the nature of a vendor’s lien) to subject the chattels sold to the payment of the purchase price. Such right however does not exist against the property in the hands of “an innocent purchaser, for value, without notice of the existence of such prior claim for the purchase money.”
Whatever may have been decided elsewhere, in this state it is well settled, “that where goods are sold and delivered to a creditor by his debtor in payment of an antecedent debt, such creditor, if he acts in good faith, is a purchaser for a valuable consideration, and will be protected against any claim of the original owner, just as he would have been had he paid a new consideration for the goods at the time he purchased them.” Hess v. Clark, 11 Mo. App. 497; Fitzgerald v. Barker, 96 Mo. 664 and other authorities cited. The absolute extin-guishment of an antecedent debt, in consideration of a transfer of personal property, constitutes the vendee a purchaser for value, to the same extent as if he paid the money for such goods. Soule et al. v. Shotwell, 52 Miss. 236 ; Butten v. Haughawout, 42 Ill. 18.
Now these plaintiffs, holding notes and an account against Daggett (and in excess too of the value of the boot and shoe stock), surrendered up said indebtedness, and extinguished the same, for which they received the goods in controversy. Hence thus far they deserve to be named as purchasers for value. If then, in addition, plaintiffs took such goods without notice of the existence of any prior claim of the real defendants here, for a balance of purchase money, then they must be protected to the same extent as if they had bought the stock and paid cash therefor.
There is nothing, in our opinion, in the agreed statement of facts on which this case was tried, upon which to declare notice to plaintiffs of the existence of defendants’ claims. All that can be said of this is, that, from a conversation had between Daggett and plaintiffs, they, the plaintiffs, were told that Daggett owed nothing then due. Plaintiffs had no knowledge that defendants had sold goods to Daggett at a late period, or at
We conclude then that plaintiffs ■ come within the designation of “ innocent purchasers for value without notice,” etc., and therefore within the class of persons excepted by the provisions of said section 2353, supra, from its operation.
II. There is yet another reason why these attaching creditors, represented by the defendant sheriff, cannot be permitted to take these goods from the plaintiffs. Daggett was a retail merchant engaged in buying and selling goods at Maryville. The boots and shoes now in controversy were sold on credit by these creditors and delivered to Daggett with the understanding, clearly implied, that he Daggett should sell the same to whomsoever should see proper to purchase. These wholesale dealers, thus furnishing these goods to Daggett (whose business was to sell to others) vouchsafed to all concerned an absolute power of disposition in said Daggett. Under .this state of facts, and after the goods are disposed of as by them contemplated, agreed and understood, these attaching creditors cannot be permitted to reclaim the same. Having stood by, permitted and encouraged others to purchase from Daggett they are now estopped from claiming any lien or charge for an alleged balance due on original sale to Daggett, as against plaintiffs who have in good faith bought and paid for the goods. The assertion of such lien or charge, under these circumstances, would
The principle announced in Winchester Wagon WorTcs v. Carman■ (109 Ind. 31) is well applied here. It was there held, that, where a wholesale vendor of articles of personal property sells, upon credit, and delivers a lot of such articles to a retail dealer, for the apparent or implied purpose of resale, a condition in the contract of sale that the title of the property shall remain in the vendor until the purchase price is paid is fraudulent and void as against a purchaser from the vendee. See opinion of the court, and authorities cited, pages 34, 35. When the purpose for which the goods are delivered to the buyer is inconsistent with a right to reclaim as for a lien, then such a lien will be of no avail as against innocent purchasers for value. Ludden v. Hazen, 31 Barb. 650, and cases cited on page 652. It is a matter of common knowledge that our retail merchants buy -largely on credit. Their stores are stocked with goods not yet paid for; and with this knowledge will it be said that purchasers may in good faith pay for and receive the goods from the retailer, and then have "the wholesale dealer follow and levy on the same goods to satisfy a balance claimed from said retail dealer? We think not. To so hold would work serious embarrassments to mercantile trade — would create in fact a practical embargo on our local commerce, besides violate every principle of law and right.
Appellants’ counsel have urged other matters for decision, but we deem further consideration of this case unimportant.
The judgment, which was for the defendant below, was for the wrong party.
We reverse the judgment of the circuit court and remand the cause, with instructions to enter a judgment for the plaintiffs.