44 Conn. App. 225 | Conn. App. Ct. | 1997
Lead Opinion
The plaintiffs, Carol LaRosa and Thomas LaRosa, appeal from the judgment of the trial court dismissing their complaint against the minor defendant, John Lupoli.
The following facts are relevant to this appeal. On May 6, 1995, the plaintiff Carol LaRosa was a spectator at a Little League baseball game in Wallingford. Prior to the game, the defendant, then eight years old, was warming up to pitch. One of his warm-up pitches struck Carol LaRosa in the face. As a result of the incident, Carol LaRosa and Thomas LaRosa brought an action against Lupoli claiming damages for negligence and loss of consortium, respectively. The complaint named Lupoli individually as the sole defendant and he was served by means of abode service. The complaint did not name a parent or next friend for the minor defend
On appeal, the plaintiffs claim that the trial court improperly granted the motion to dismiss because the trial court acquired jurisdiction over the minor defendant despite the fact that the action was not brought against the minor by service on a parent or next friend. The plaintiffs argue that we decided the precise issue presented in this appeal in Tax Collector v. Miley, 34 Conn. App. 634, 641, 642 A.2d 747 (1994). The defendant does not dispute that Miley is dispositive but asserts that Miley should be overruled as being inconsistent with the public policy of our state, which dictates that the welfare of minors should be protected in court matters. The defendant argues that, for example, a minor should not be the object of direct service of process by a sheriff but that such service should be effected by service on a parent or next friend. The defendant argues that the same reasons that require a minor to bring an action through a parent or next friend should require that an action be brought against a minor only through a parent or next friend.
Our decision in Miley, which is controlling, is consistent with the statutory law of our state governing service
The judgment is reversed and the case is remanded to the trial court with direction to deny the defendant’s motion to dismiss and for further proceedings.
In this opinion FOTI, LAVERY, LANDAU, HEIMAN and SPEAR, Js., concurred.
After the defendant’s motion to dismiss was granted, the plaintiffs filed a motion to reargue, which the trial court denied.
We note that General Statutes § 45a-132 provides for the appointment of a guardian ad litem for a minor in any proceeding before the Superior Court.
Apart from the requirements of General Statutes § 52-57, which Miley precisely carries out, we note that innumerable practical difficulties would result from a requirement that a plaintiff must determine what adult should be served in a given situation in order to effectuate service on a minor.
Concurrence Opinion
concurring. I concur with the opinion of the majority but write separately because I feel that greater emphasis on the protection that a minor
A time tested procedure is in place to protect the minor. Under the common law, a suit against a minor was required to be defended by a guardian ad litem appointed for that purpose. 1 Z. Swift, A Digest of the Laws of the State of Connecticut (1822) p. 60. Connecticut has long had a statute that authorizes the Superior Court in its discretion to appoint a guardian ad litem for any minor involved in a proceeding before that court. General Statutes § 45a-132 (a).
The defendant complains that the writ here should have been served on one of the minor’s parents as his next friend, i.e., prochein ami.
Stated very simply, the only practical difference between a next friend and a guardian ad litem is that a next friend is a person who represents a minor who commences a lawsuit; Tulin v. Tulin, 124 Conn. 518, 522, 200 A. 819 (1938); and a guardian ad litem is a person, appointed by the court, to represent a minor who has been sued. D. Wright, J. Fitzgerald & W. Ankerman, Connecticut Law of Torts (3d Ed. 1991) § 75. No case has come to my attention in which a suit against
The next friend and the guardian ad litem possess similar powers and responsibilities. Both are subject to control by the court and may be removed if the best interest of the minor so requires. General Statutes § 45a-132 (f);
The minor’s interests will be adequately protected. There is no danger that a young child will be left to fend for himself in the complicated land of litigation.
Ballentine’s Law Dictionary (3d Ed. 1969) defines a guardian ad litem as a “person appointed by the court during the course of litigation, in which an infant or a person mentally incompetent is a party, to represent and protect the interests of the infant or incompetent.” The term infant is used in its technical legal sense as meaning any person who has not reached the age of majority.
General Statutes § 45a-132 (a) provides in relevant part: “In any proceeding before . . . the Superior Court including the Family Support Magistrate Division, the judge or magistrate may appoint a guardian ad litem for any minor . . .
Prochein ami is a French expression commonly used in the law meaning next friend.
General Statutes § 45a-132 (d) provides: “Any appointment of a guardian ad litem may be made with or without notice and, if it appears to the judge or magistrate that it is for the best interests of a minor having a parent or guardian to have as guardian ad litem some person other than the parent or guardian, the judge or magistrate may appoint a disinterested person to be the guardian ad litem.”
The plaintiff should be particularly diligent in assuring the appointment of a proper guardian because there is some authority to the effect that a valid decision cannot be rendered until a guardian ad litem has been appointed. See dicta in Milford v. Swarbrick, 24 Conn. Sup. 320, 324, 190 A.2d 493 (1963); 1 Z. Swift, supra, p. 60.
General Statutes § 45a-132 (f) provides: “The guardian ad litem may be removed by the judge or magistrate which appointed him, without notice, whenever it appears to the judge or magistrate to be in the best interests of the ward or wards of the guardian.”