Landman v. City Commission

243 N.W. 242 | Mich. | 1932

A vacancy having occurred in the office of judge of the superior court of the city of Grand Rapids, the governor, on May 7, 1932, appointed Arthur F. Shaw to fill the same and to serve until his successor should be elected and qualified.

The plaintiff, Landman, who desires to be a candidate for such office, requested the defendant city commission to call a special primary election and a special general election for the purpose of nominating and electing a successor to said Arthur F. Shaw "on the same date and at the same time as the fall primary and general election for State offices," which request was denied.

The plaintiff, Taylor, presented a nominating petition as a candidate for such office to the city clerk for filing, which was rejected by him. The action of these officials was based upon the advice of the city attorney, who found such confusion in the statutory requirements relating to such elections that he felt impelled to so recommend, and expressed the hope that the question might be settled by judicial decision.

Petitions for mandamus in both cases were presented to this court and orders to show cause issued, to which both defendants have made return.

The question thus presented is whether a successor to Judge Shaw shall be elected at the general election to be held in November, 1932, or at the city election in April, 1933.

The superior court of the city of Grand Rapids was created by Act No. 49, Pub. Acts 1875. The provisions of this act, with some amendments not here material, now appear in our statutes as sections 16339 to 16368, inclusive, 3 Comp. Laws 1929. It is a court of record (Attorney General, ex rel. Danhof, v.Renihan, 184 Mich. 272), with exclusive jurisdiction in certain matters and concurrent jurisdiction with the circuit court in other actions in which residents of the city are litigants. The city provides the courtroom and the necessary equipment for the use of the court and its clerk. It pays the salary of the clerk and the bailiff of the court. It also pays a salary to the judge in addition to that paid by the State. It will thus be seen that, while the duties imposed on the court are in most respects similar to those performed by circuit judges, it is to some extent supported by the city and regarded by it as a municipal court.

Act No. 199, Pub. Acts 1923 (1 Comp. Laws 1929, § 3365 etseq.), is entitled, "An act to provide for the filling of vacancies in appointive and elective public offices." Section 4 of this act, as amended by Act No. 6, Pub. Acts 1927 (1 Comp. Laws 1929, § 3368), reads as follows:

"Whenever a vacancy shall occur in the office of a judge of a court of record, the governor shall fill such vacancy by appointment and the person appointed shall hold such office until his successor is elected and qualified. At the next general November election or biennial spring election held at least sixty days after such vacancy shall occur, a person shall be elected to fill such office and the person elected shall hold such office for the remainder of the unexpired term."

Act No. 236, Pub. Acts 1931, added to this section the following:

"Provided, That whenever a vacancy shall occur in the office of a judge of any municipal court of record, the governor shall fill such vacancy by appointment and the person appointed shall hold such office until his successor is elected and qualified. At the next general November election held at least ninety days after such vacancy shall occur or biennial spring election or municipal election held at least sixty days after such vacancy shall occur, a person shall be elected to fill such office and the person elected shall hold such office for the remainder of the unexpired term."

Section 2 of this act repealed all acts and parts of acts inconsistent therewith.

It cannot well be doubted that the superior court of Grand Rapids is a "municipal court of record," and that this provision for filling a vacancy in the office of the judge of that court is applicable thereto and must be followed unless it appears that there is a special provision in some statute inconsistent therewith and not intended to be affected thereby.

Section 16340, above referred to, reads as follows:

"The provisions of law relative to holding elections of city officers in said city, canvassing the votes and making returns thereof so far as applicable, shall regulate and apply to elections of the judge of said court."

And section 16343:

"It shall be the duty of the common council of said city to cause an election to be held in said city to fill any vacancy in the office of the judge of said superior court, the same as is provided by the charter of said city in case of vacancies in the office of mayor thereof."

Section 2 of title 2 of the charter of the city provides for the election of certain city officers, and, among them, "one judge of the superior court of Grand Rapids." Other provisions of the charter require that such officers shall be elected at a nonpartisan election to be held on the first Monday in April in each year. The nomination of candidates therefor shall be held on the day fixed by law "for the nomination of candidates for county officers to be chosen at the spring election."

Section 4 of the act of 1923, as amended in 1931, clearly provides that the successor to Judge Shaw shall be elected at the November election in this year. The mayor of the city is to be elected at the spring election, and the provision in section 16343, in our opinion, should be construed as providing that the election now to be held should conform to the charter provision as to the manner in which it shall be conducted (nonpartisan in its nature) rather than the time at which the same should be held.

This office was created by act of the legislature, and it has complete control over the time at which a successor to Judge Shaw shall be elected. It has spoken in no uncertain terms repealing all inconsistent provisions in other acts, and the provision therefor must be followed by the officers of the city.

It follows that a writ of mandamus will issue commanding the defendant city commission to cause a special primary election and a special general election to be held on the same date and at the same time as the fall primary and general election for State officers for the year 1932 for the purpose of electing a judge of the superior court of the city of Grand Rapids, as prayed for in the petition of the plaintiff Landman. The conclusion reached renders it unnecessary to pass upon the question presented in the Taylor petition. No costs will be allowed.

CLARK, C.J., and McDONALD, POTTER, NORTH, FEAD, WIEST, and BUTZEL, JJ., concurred.