No. 5654 | 5th Cir. | Jan 7, 1930
This was an action against the appellant to recover the tax imposed on retail liquor dealers by section 3244 of the Revised Statutes (26 USCA § 205), the amount of which is increased by section 35 of title 2 of the National Prohibition Act (27 USCA § 52), the penalty for failure to make return required by-statute, and the additional penalty of $500 on retail liquor dealers prescribed by section 35 of title 2 of the National Prohibition Act (27 USCA § 52). The claims asserted were based upon described sales of whisky by appellant on October 10,1924, October 23,1924, and April 25, 1925, upon described sales of apricot brandy by appellant on October 24, 1924, and upon a described sale of benedictino by the appellant on April 23, 1925. The granting of the relief sought was resisted on the ground that prior to the institution of the suit appellant had been convicted and sentenced under an information charging him with possessing intoxicating liquor, with maintaining a common nuisance, and with selling intoxicating liquor, which charges were based on the same sales which were alleged in the petition in this ease. The court ruled against the defense so set up, and, upon the parties stipulating in writing that a jury be waived and that the faets were substantially as alleged in the petition and in the pleading setting up the above-mentioned defense, the court rendered judgment in accordance with the prayer of the petition.
The so-called taxes and other charges retained in force by section 35 of title 2 of the National Prohibition Act (27 USCA § 52) and section 5 of the Willis-Campbell Act (42 Stat. 223 [27 USCA § 3]), are penalties or fines imposed as punishment for criminal misconduct. Lipke v. Lederer, 259 U.S. 557" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1922-06-05" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/lipke-v-lederer-100025?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="100025">259 U. S. 557, 42 S. Ct. 549, 66 L. Ed. 1061; Regal Drug Corp. v. Wardell, 260 U.S. 386" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1922-12-11" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/regal-drug-corp-v-wardell-100078?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="100078">260 U. S. 386, 43 S. Ct. 152, 67 L. Ed. 318. Section 5 of the Willis-Campbell Act (27 USCA § 3) contains the following provision: “That all laws in regard to the manufacture and taxation of and traffic in intoxicating liquor, and all penalties for violations of such laws that were in force when the National Prohibition Act was enacted, shall be and continue in force, as to both beverage and nonbeverage liquor, except such provisions of such laws as are directly in conflict with any provision of the National Prohibition Act or of this Act; but if any act is a violation of any of such laws and also of the National Prohibition Act or of this Act, a conviction for such act or offense under one shall be a bar to a prosecution therefor under the other.”
The conviction of appellant was for violations of the National Prohibition Act, tit. 2, §§ 21, 25, and 29 (27 USCA §§ 33, 39, 46). The so-called tax sought to be enforced by this suit was imposed by section 3244 of the Revised Statutes (26 USCA § 205), but the amount of it was increased by the provision contained in section 35 of title 2 the National Prohibition Act (27 USCA § 52). But for laws which were in existence prior to the enactment of the National Prohibition Act, appellant would not have been liable for the amounts sought to be recovered in this suit, as only pre-existing laws provide for a tax on retail liquor dealers and a penalty for a failure to make return. The conviction of the appellant having been for acts which were violations of the National Prohibition Act, and the purpose of this suit being to subject appellant to liabilities for the same acts, created by pre-existing laws referred to in the above set out provision, that conviction was a bar to this suit, if this suit, within the meaning of that provision, is a prosecution for those acts. The use of the word “prosecution” in describing what is barred by a conviction for a violation of one of the laws referred to in the above set out provision is consistent with the absence of intention to refer only to proceedings commenced by an indictment or information, or on the criminal side of a court. In ordinary usage, that word has different meanings when used in different relations. It properly may be used to describe or include a proceeding on the civil side of a court. Salinger v. Loisel, 265 U.S. 224" court="SCOTUS" date_filed="1924-05-26" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/salinger-v-loisel-100433?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="100433">265 U. S. 224, 236, 44 S. Ct. 519, 68 L. Ed. 989; 32
We conclude that the above set out provision has the effect of making the above-mentioned conviction of the appellant a bar to this suit. The court erred in ruling otherwise.
The judgment is reversed.