58 N.Y.S. 909 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1899
This action was brought to recover a balance alleged to be due the plaintiff for services performed for the defendant under a written contract. The answer, among other things, alleged an accord and satisfaction of the plaintiff’s claim. The principal question litigated upon the trial was whether there had been an accord and satisfaction, and this is the only question which we deem it necessary to consider upon this appeal. It appears that in December, 1890, the parties entered into a written contract by which the plaintiff agreed to render services in the empire of Japan for the defendant for the period of five years at a specified yearly salary, á portion of which was to be paid monthly to him in Japan, and the balance when he had completed the contract. The services were performed as agreed and upon a final settlement a dispute arose between the parties as to the balance due, which depended upon the construction to be given to the contract, as to whether the plaintiff was to be paid in Japanese money, called yens, or the money of the United States. If the former, then the defendant was correct in its claim that only $1,250 were due, and if the latter the plaintiff was correct that there were over $6,000 due. That there was an honest dispute between the parties as to the amount actually due the plaintiff, cannot upon the facts presented be seriously doubted. The plaintiff testified that, at the conclusion of an interview in which each sought to impress his views upon the other, he said to defendant’s manager : “ I cannot agree to your account of the thing at all,” to which the manager replied : “You must agree to it; that is what I intended the thing to be; it was the intention to pay you that way (in yens) and that is what you have got to accept.” He further testified that they became angry over the matter and he finally declined to accept $1,250 in settlement; that the manager thereupon said: “ Now, Komp, I am not going to argue this thing; I have nothing to argue at all; * * * now that is final; I meant
“ Rec’d payment, Mch. 3d, 1896, twelve hundred and fifty dollars, being full payment of his contract expiring Jany. 1st, 1896, with salary, int. and allowance besides closing his acct. to Mch. 1st, 1896.
“FREDERICK KOMP.”
The plaintiff used the check and applied the proceeds toward the reduction of the amount claimed by him. under the contract, and then brought this action to recover the balance. He had a verdict for the full amount claimed, and from the judgment entered thereon the defendant has appealed. :
' We are of the opinion that, according to the plaintiff’s own testimony, an accord and satisfaction Was so conclusively established as to leave no question of fact for the; jury. The plaintiff’s claim was unliquidated. A demand is not liquidated even if it appears that something is due unless it appears how much is due, and when it is admitted that one of two specified sums is due, but there is a genuine dispute as to which is the proper amount, the demand is regarded as unliquidated as applied to the subject of accord and satisfaction. (Nassoiy v. Tomlinson, 148 N. Y. 326.) Here the plaintiff claimed, as we have already seen, that the defendant owed him something
In Coon v. Knap (supra) the plaintiff received personal injuries by the overturning of a stage coach, and the defendant inquired if she would settle for forty dollars, to which the plaintiff replied that
• In the case before us it is not suggested that any fraud or misrepresentation was practised upon the plaintiff to induce him to sign the statement, or that he did not fully understand and comprehend its object when he signed it. The evidence conclusively shows that he knew that he was required to settle all his demands for $1,250, and that he was to take that sum as an accord and satisfaction or he could not have it at all. The check and the receipt were drawn for this express purpose and he knew.it. Having this knowledge, he accepted and used the check and signed the statement, and under such circumstances it was an accord and satisfaction of his claim (Fuller v. Kemp, 138 N. Y. 231; Nassoiy v. Tomlinson, 148 id. 326; Preston v. Grant, 34 Vt. 201), and the trial court should have so held.
The defendant’s objections to ¡the admission of the plaintiff’s testimony tending to destroy the force and effect of the statement signed by him were well taken and should have been sustained by the trial court; and the defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint made when the plaintiff rested and at the close of the case should have been granted. •
Exceptions were taken to all these rulings, and for thé errors thus committed the judgment must be reversed and a new trial granted, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.
Barrett and Ingraham, JJ., concurred; Rumsey, J., dissented.
Judgment reversed, new trial ordered, costs to appellant to abide event. ;