Case Information
*1 I LLINOIS O FFICIAL R EPORTS Appellate Court
Knox v. Godinez
,
Docket No. 4-11-0325
Filed March 22, 2012
Held An inmate’s complaint seeking mandamus, injunctive, and declaratory relief against the director of the Department of Corrections based on his ( Note: This syllabus claim that his disciplinary reports were void because the disciplinary constitutes no part of the opinion of the court proceedings were conducted under a provision of the Unified Code of but has been prepared Corrections that had been held unconstitutional due to a violation of the by the Reporter of single-subject rule was properly dismissed with prejudice, since the Decisions for the violation was corrected by the reenactment of the provisions on July 22, convenience of the 2003, and therefore no violation of the inmate’s due-process rights reader. ) occurred after that date; however, even if the amended section was
improperly applied to the inmate, his rights were not violated where the amendments did not affect his right to notice, his opportunity to call witnesses and present evidence, his entitlement to a statement of the reasons for the disciplinary action and the evidence sustaining the charge, or his right to have the decision supported by some evidence.
Decision Under Appeal from the Circuit Court of Sangamon County, No. 09-MR-588; the Hon. Patrick J. Londrigan, Judge, presiding. Review *2 Judgment Affirmed.
Counsel on Christopher Knox, of Tamms, appellant pro se .
Appeal
Lisa Madigan, Attorney General, of Chicago (Michael A. Scodro, Solicitor General, and Elaine Wyder-Harshman, Assistant Attorney General, of counsel), for appellee.
Panel PRESIDING JUSTICE TURNER delivered the judgment of the court,
with opinion.
Justices Steigmann and McCullough concurred in the judgment and opinion.
OPINION
Plaintiff, Christopher Knox, an inmate with the Department of Corrections (DOC),
appeals the Sangamon County circuit court’s dismissal with prejudice of his
pro se
second-
amended complaint, which sought , injunctive, and declaratory relief against
defendant, S.A. Godinez, director of DOC. Plaintiff’s second-amended complaint rested on
the allegation his disciplinary reports from June 1, 1997, to the present were void and in
violation of his due-process rights and state-created liberty and property interests because
DOC conducted his disciplinary proceedings under the authority of section 3-8-7 of the
Unified Code of Corrections (Unified Code) (730 ILCS 5/3-8-7 (West 1996) (text of section
effective June 1, 1997)) as amended by Public Act 89-688 (Pub. Act 89-688, § 5 (eff. June
1, 1997) (1996 Ill. Laws 3738, 3758-59)), which this court found unconstitutional (
People
v. Foster
,
court granted. The amended complaint sought a writ of and injunctive and declaratory relief. The Director filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint under *3 section 2-615 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Procedure Code) (735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2008)). Plaintiff filed a response, attaching a January 1998 DOC bulletin that listed changes to, inter alia , title 20, part 504, of the Illinois Administrative Code (20 Ill. Adm. Code 504, amended at 22 Ill. Reg. 1206 (eff. Jan. 1, 1998)) and referenced Public Act 89-688. In August 2010, the trial court granted the motion to dismiss and allowed plaintiff to file another complaint. Later in August 2010, plaintiff filed his first-amended complaint, and the Director again
filed a motion to dismiss under section 2-615 (735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2010)). In November 2010, plaintiff sought leave to file a second-amended complaint, which requested mandamus , injunctive, and declaratory relief. Specifically, plaintiff sought to require DOC to (1) comply with the current version of section 3-8-7 of the Unified Code; (2) expunge all of his disciplinary actions adjudicated from June 1, 1997, to the present under the authority of Public Act 89-688; (3) “cure and correct the infirmities that were caused under the authority of Public 89-688”; (4) refrain from conducting disciplinary proceedings under Public Act 89- 688; (5) release plaintiff from disciplinary- and indeterminate-segregation status, which were imposed under Public Act 89-688; (6) restore all of plaintiff’s rights and privileges that were taken away under Public Act 89-688; and (7) refrain from violating his fourth- and eighth- amendment rights (U.S. Const., amends. IV, VIII). The Director filed a response opposing plaintiff’s motion for leave to file a second-amended complaint. In his response, the Director argued plaintiff’s second-amended complaint would still be subject to dismissal under section 2-615 for failure to state a cause of action. He further asserted the second-amended complaint would also be subject to dismissal under section 2-619(a)(9) of the Procedure Code (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2010)) because the action was barred by the doctrine of laches . Plaintiff filed a response, asserting his second-amended complaint would not be subject to dismissal under either section of the Procedure Code. On April 8, 2011, the trial court filed a written order, dismissing plaintiff’s second-
amended complaint under (1) section 2-615 because plaintiff failed to establish the requirements for , injunctive, and declaratory relief and (2) section 2-619 because plaintiff’s claim was barred by the doctrine of laches . On April 15, 2011, plaintiff filed his timely notice of appeal from the court’s grant of the Director’s motion to dismiss. While his notice of appeal does not comply with the notice-of-appeal form contained in Illinois Supreme Court Rule 303(b) (eff. May 30, 2008), the State has not alleged any prejudice from the form’s deficiencies, and thus we find those deficiencies are not fatal. See General Motors Corp. v. Pappas , 242 Ill. 2d 163, 176, 950 N.E.2d 1136, 1144 (2011). Accordingly, this court has jurisdiction of plaintiff’s appeal under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 301 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994). II. ANALYSIS A. Standard of Review This court has stated the standard of review for a motion to dismiss as follows:
“When a trial court rules upon a motion to dismiss a complaint either for failure to
state a cause of action (735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2008)) or because the claims raised in
*4
the complaint are barred by other affirmative matter that avoids the legal effect of or
defeats the claim (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2008)), it must interpret all of the
pleadings and the supporting documents in the light most favorable to the nonmoving
party. [Citation.] Such motions to dismiss should be granted only if the plaintiff can
prove no set of facts that would support a cause of action. [Citation.] A trial court’s grant
of a motion to dismiss pursuant to either section 2-615 or section 2-619 of the
[Procedure] Code is subject to a
de novo
standard of review on appeal.”
Westfield
Insurance Co. v. Birkey’s Farm Store, Inc.
,
procedures in DOC and, inter alia , requires all disciplinary action to be consistent with chapter III of the Unified Code (730 ILCS 5/ch. III (West 2010)). Before the enactment of Public Act 89-688, section 3-8-7 (1) provided “[d]isciplinary restrictions on visitations, work, education or program assignments, and the use of the prison’s library shall be related as closely as practicable to abuse of such privileges or facilities”; (2) placed limits on the number of days a prisoner could spend in solitary confinement for nonviolent offenses; and (3) imposed time requirements for filing a written infraction report and commencing a disciplinary proceeding. See 730 ILCS 5/3-8-7(b)(2), (b)(3), (c) (West 1996) (text of section effective until June 1, 1997). Moreover, with regard to disciplinary cases that could result in, inter alia , the loss of good-time credit, the Director had to establish disciplinary procedures consistent with six enumerated principles, which included (1) having, to the extent possible, a person representing the counseling staff participate in determining the disciplinary disposition; (2) providing a charged inmate may be permitted to question a person summoned to testify at the hearing; and (3) prohibiting a change in work, education, or other program assignment as discipline except under certain conditions. See 730 ILCS 5/3-8-7(e)(1), (e)(4), (e)(6) (West 1996) (text of section effective until June 1, 1997). In 1996, the legislature enacted Public Act 89-688 (Pub. Act 89-688, § 5 (eff. June 1,
1997) (1996 Ill. Laws 3738, 3758-59)), which amended section 3-8-7 of the Unified Code.
See 730 ILCS 5/3-8-7 (West 1996) (text of section effective June 1, 1997). The amendments
to section 3-8-7 included deleting the provisions mentioned in the above paragraph. Pub. Act
89-688, § 5 (eff. June 1, 1997) (1996 Ill. Laws 3738, 3759). In October 2000, this court
found Public Act 89-688 was unconstitutional because it violated the single-subject rule.
Foster
,
8-7 of the Unified Code (730 ILCS 5/3-8-7 (West Supp. 2003)), “including the provisions added and deleted by Public Act 89-688.” Pub. Act 93-272, § 1(b) (eff. July 22, 2003) (2003 Ill. Laws 2422). The legislature declared the reenactment was “intended to remove any question as to the validity or content of those provisions.” Pub. Act 93-272, § 1(b) (eff. July 22, 2003) (2003 Ill. Laws 2422). Public Act 93-272 has not been declared unconstitutional, and section 3-8-7 of the Unified Code (730 ILCS 5/3-8-7 (West 2010)) has not been *5 amended since Public Act 93-272’s enactment. B. Failure To State a Cause of Action In his second-amended complaint, plaintiff requested mandamus , injunctive, and
declaratory relief based on the same allegations. Regarding mandamus actions, this court has stated the following:
“ ‘ Mandamus relief is an extraordinary remedy to enforce, as a matter of right, the performance of official duties by a public official where the official is not exercising discretion. A court will not grant a writ of unless the petitioner can demonstrate a clear, affirmative right to relief, a clear duty of the official to act, and clear authority in the official to comply with the writ. The writ will not lie when its effect is to substitute the court’s judgment or discretion for the official’s judgment or discretion. Mandamus relief, therefore, is not appropriate to regulate a course of official conduct or to enforce the performance of official duties generally.’ ” Dye v. Pierce , 369 Ill. App. 3d 683, 686-87,868 N.E.2d 293 , 296 (2006) (quoting Hatch v. Szymanski , 325 Ill. App. 3d 736, 739,759 N.E.2d 585 , 588 (2001)).
Moreover, an inmate’s claim of a due-process-rights violation can also state a cause of action
for .
Dye
,
“(1) notice of the disciplinary charges at least 24 hours prior to the hearing; (2) when consistent with institutional safety and correctional goals, an opportunity to call witnesses and present documentary evidence in their defense; and (3) a written statement by the fact finder of the evidence relied on in finding the inmate guilty of committing the offense and the reasons for the disciplinary action.” Dye ,369 Ill. App. 3d at 687, 868 N.E.2d at 296.
The Supreme Court later added that, to satisfy an inmate’s due-process rights, the findings
of the prison disciplinary board must also be supported by some evidence in the record.
Superintendent, Massachusetts Correctional Institution v. Hill
,
following: “ ‘(1) that he has a tangible legal interest with regard to the claim, (2) that the
defendant’s conduct is opposed to that interest, and (3) that there is an ongoing controversy
between the parties that is likely to be prevented or resolve d if the court decides the case.’ ”
*6
Catom Trucking, Inc. v. City of Chicago
,
is correct the applicable version of section 3-8-7 of the Unified Code was the one effective
prior to Public Act 89-688 (730 ILCS 5/3-8-7 (West 1996) (text of section effective until
June 1, 1997)). See
Arnett v. Snyder
,
as amended by Public Act 89-688 and plaintiff lacked a right to enforce and a legal interest in the prior version of section 3-8-7, plaintiff cannot state any cause of action for relief for DOC’s alleged application of section 3-8-7 as amended by Public Act 89-688 between June 1, 1997, and July 21, 2003. Accordingly, the trial court properly dismissed plaintiff’s second- amended complaint under section 2-615 of the Procedure Code for failure to state a cause of action. Because we have affirmed the trial court’s dismissal under section 2-615, we do not address any issues related to a dismissal under section 2-619. III. CONCLUSION For the reasons stated, we affirm the Sangamon County circuit court’s dismissal with
prejudice of plaintiff’s second-amended complaint. Affirmed.