74 Mich. 202 | Mich. | 1889
The parties to this suit are farmers and neighbors, living on adjoining sections of land, one in the township of Eavenna and the other in the township of Moorlahd, in Muskegon county. The defendant is the owner of a dog which had been in his possession upwards of two years. On August 7, 1887, the plaintiff was riding in a buggy drawn by one horse, past defendant’s house, in the public highway. His hired man was sitting in the seat with him,. and each was leading a colt by the halter behind the buggy. A third, colt was following loose behind them. The colts were two years old, had been halter-broken, and were gentle. Plaintiff claims that, as he was driving past defendant’s house on a slow trot, defendant’s dog came running out into the highway, and barked and attacked the colts, frightening them, and causing them to jump against his buggy; one of them jumping upon him, and throwing him out of and under the buggy, and seriously injuring him.
This suit is brought to recover damages for such injury. Defendant pleaded the general issue, and a trial was had, and the jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. Objection is made to the sufficiency of the declaration. If the defendant did not deem it sufficient, he should have demurred. It discloses a cause of action, and will be considered sufficient after verdict.
It is also claimed that there was no testimony showing, or tending to show, that defendant knew, or had cause to believe, that his dog was vicious, and in the habit of attacking teams or passers-by in the highway.
“ If the injury of plaintiff was caused by one of defendant's dogs running into the highway, and biting or attacking the plaintiff’s colts, or either or any of them,' still the plaintiff cannot recover, unless you further find that defendant knew, or should have known, that this same dog was in the habit of so running out into the highway when people were passing, and barking at or attaoking them, and had not used proper diligence to restrain him,”—
And which was substantially given by the court in the following language:
“If the injury to the plaintiff was caused by one of the defendant’s dogs running into the highway, and biting or attacking the plaintiff's colts, or either or any of them, still plaintiff cannot recover, unless you further find that the defendant knew, or ought to have known, that this same dog was in the habit of so running out into the highway when people were passing, and barking at or attacking them, and did not use proper diligence in restraining him.”
We have looked into the record, and we cannot say that there was no evidence tending to prove knowledge on the part of defendant- of the vicious propensity of this dog to run out into the street, and bark at and attack teams of those traveling by. Numerous instances of the kind were testified to by witnesses, and there was testimony from which the jury were warranted in drawing the inference that defendant knew of this vicious habit of the dog. The length of tizne the defendant had owned the dog, his habit of running out into the street, giving chase to and baz’king at passei’s-by in vehicles, before the occurrence complained of, the conversation as testified to by plaintiff which he had with defendant, when he told him his dog was to blame for the injuzy,
The defendant’s counsel submitted three questions to the jury, which were answered by them, as follows:
“ 1. Was the injury that plaintiff claims to have sustained caused by either of defendant’s dogs?” to which the jury answered, “ Yes.”
“2. Were either of defendant’s dogs out in the highway at the time plaintiff was injured?” to which the jury answered, “ Yes.”
“8. Have either of defendant’s dogs been out in the highway prior to the time the plaintiff was injured?” The jury amvered,- “Yes.”
And, in addition to a general verdict for the plaintiff, the jury returned therewith special findings of fact:
1. That defendant’s dog was in the habit of going out into the highway when teams were passing.
2. That defendant’s dog was in the highway opposite the defendant’s house when the accident happened.
3. That the defendant knew, or ought to have known, that his dog was in the habit of going into the highway to bark when teams were passing.
This special finding was consistent, so far as it went, with the general verdict for the plaintiff.
When it appears that a domestic animal is vicious, and has a propensity to do mischief, of which facts the owner or keeper has notice, either express or implied, the law imposes the duty upon such owner or keeper of keeping such animal secure, from which duty a liability arises in favor of any person who without his fault is injured by it, either in person or property. The principle has its
The defendant also claims that the plaintiff ought to be barred from a recovery in this case on account of his own negligence, which contributed to the result. The contention is that it was a careless and negligent act for ’the plaintiff to attempt to travel along a public highway, riding in a buggy, driving a horse, and leading two colts behind by the halter, and permitting another to follow, over which he had no control: that his situation while
“1. If you find that plaintiff Avas guilty of negligence in passing along the highway in front of defendant's residence, leading two colts, and Avith another colt following loose, and that this fact contributed to the injury which plaintiff claims to have sustained, the plaintiff •cannot recover.
“2. If you find that plaintiff was injured by one of the ■colts he was leading, and that his colts commenced playing, or jumped upon plaintiff's buggy, in consequence of the playing of defendant’s colts, which Avere in a field near the road, and not on account of the running out or barking of either of defendant's dogs, then plaintiff •cannot recover."
The instructions Avere given by the court in the language of the requests, and it must be presumed that the jury found that the plaintiff Avas Avithout fault that contributed to the injury. The defendant's counsel criticise the charge of the court, because, when stating to the jury the elements that went to make up the plaintiff's cause of action, the court did not again mention contributory negligence as a fact Avhieh would prevent a recovery, and urge that the jury were thereby misled. We cannot reach this conclusion. The charge as to contributory negligence was plain and unambiguous, and it was unnecessary to repeat it when stating the elements which plaintiff Avas bound to prove to make out a case. If defendant's counsel were apprehensive that the jury had lost sight of the charge as to contributory negligence, they should haA’e called the attention of the
The judgment of the circuit court will be affirmed.
See Newton v. Gordon, 72 Mich. 642, for a case on this subject.