95 Wash. App. 439 | Wash. Ct. App. | 1999
— Mee Soon Kim sued Valorey Sue Pham for
I
Kim filed suit against Pham for injuries allegedly sustained in a rear-end automobile accident. The case was referred to mandatory arbitration, and Kim was awarded $35,000. Pham filed a request for trial de novo within 20 days but did not file written proof of service. The case was set for a jury trial to take place in October 1997. For a variety of reasons, the parties agreed to continue the trial until March 1998.
Two weeks before the March 1998 trial date, Kim moved to strike Pham’s request for trial de novo and reinstate the arbitration award. Kim’s motion relied upon our Supreme Court’s opinion in Nevers v. Fireside, Inc.
II
Application of court rules to a particular set of facts is a question of law, reviewed de novo on appeal.
Decision and award—Appeals—Trial—Judgment Following a hearing as prescribed by court rule, the arbitrator shall file his decision and award with the clerk of the superior court, together with proof of service thereof on the parties. Within twenty days after such filing, any aggrieved party may file with the clerk a written notice of appeal and request for a trial de novo in the superior court on all issues of law and fact. Such trial de novo shall thereupon be held, including a right to jury, if demanded.
If no appeal has been filed at the expiration of twenty days following filing of the arbitrator’s decision and award, a judgment shall be entered and may be presented to the court by any party, on notice, which judgment when entered shall have the same force and effect as judgments in civil actions.
Mandatory Arbitration Rule 7.1(a) states:
Service and Filing. Within 20 days after the arbitration award is filed with the clerk, any aggrieved party not having waived the right to appeal may serve and file with the clerk a written request for a trial de novo in the superior court along with proof that a copy has been served upon all other parties appearing in the case. The 20-day period within which to request a trial de novo may not be extended.
The application of MAR 7.1(a) to this case is controlled by Nevers and the subsequent case of Roberts v. Johnson.
On appeal, our Supreme Court stated:
The issue before us is whether the MAR 7.1(a) requirement that proof of service be filed within 20 days of the date the arbitration award is filed is mandatory and thus a condition precedent to obtaining a trial de novo. If it is, failure to strictly comply with that requirement is fatal to a request for trial de novo and the superior court’s authority is limited to entering a judgment upon the arbitrator’s decision and award. RCW 7.06.050; MAR 6.3. . . .
We are of the view that timely filing of a request for trial de novo of an arbitrator’s decision in court ordered arbitration is necessary for the superior court to conduct a trial de novo. . . . [Filing] proof of service of copies of the request for trial de novo ... is also a prerequisite to obtaining a trial de novo.[7 ]
Pham first argues that the court’s discussion in Nevers regarding the filing of proof of service is nonbinding dicta. Roberts resolves that contention contrary to Pham. In discussing Nevers, the Roberts court stated:
[W]e specifically rejected the argument that substantial compliance with the filing requirement of MAR 7.1(a) was sufficient. Allowing substantial rather than strict compliance with the filing requirement in MAR 7.1(a) would subvert the intent of the Legislature by contributing to increased delays in arbitration proceedings.[8 ]
The Supreme Court’s unanimous decisions in Nevers and Roberts require us to hold that proof of service must be timely filed. However compelling Pham’s policy arguments
Pham points out that the mandatory arbitration statute required only filing of an appeal requesting trial de novo. Pham contends that inconsistencies between RCW 7.06.050 and MAR 7.1 must be resolved in favor of the statute. However, RCW 7.06.050 and MAR 7.1 do not conflict with each other. RCW 7.06.050 provides that following mandatory arbitration, “any aggrieved party may file with the clerk a written notice of appeal and request for a trial de novo.”
Pham further argues that Nevers does not apply retroactively. We disagree. The decision in Nevers was applied to the parties before that court.
Pham further contends that Kim’s dilatory as well as inconsistent conduct constitute a waiver of her right to challenge the request for trial de novo. Pham correctly notes that Kim prepared for trial, conducted discovery, and waited until March 1998 to file her motion to strike Pham’s request for trial de novo. Pham cites several cases where defendants who had otherwise prepared for trial waived their right to challenge the sufficiency of process.
Finally, Pham contends that this court can,
Ill
Although Kim did not request attorney fees below, she does request attorney fees under either RAP 18.9(a) or MAR 7.3 for this appeal. We do not find Pham’s appeal to be frivolous. MAR 7.3 states:
The court shall assess costs and reasonable attorney fees against a party who appeals the award and fails to improve the party’s position on the trial de novo. The court may assess costs and reasonable attorney fees against a party who voluntarily withdraws a request for a trial de novo. “Costs” means those costs provided for by statute or court rule. Only those costs and reasonable attorney fees incurred after a request for a trial de novo is filed may be assessed under this rule.
MAR 7.3 does not directly address the instant case because it was neither adjudicated on the trial de novo nor was Pham’s request “voluntarily” withdrawn. Although not explicitly stated, we interpret MAR 7.3 as requiring a mandatory award of attorney fees when one requests a trial de novo and does not improve their position at trial because they failed to comply with requirements for
We affirm the trial court’s decision to reinstate the arbitrator’s award and grant Kim’s request for attorney fees on appeal.
Affirmed.
Kennedy, C.J., and Coleman, J., concur.
After modification, further reconsideration denied May 21, 1999.
Review denied at 139 Wn.2d 1009 (1999).
133 Wn.2d 804, 947 P.2d 721 (1997).
Buckner, Inc. v. Berkey Irrigation Supply, 89 Wn. App. 906, 911, 951 P.2d 338, review denied, 136 Wn.2d 1020 (1998).
137 Wn.2d 84, 969 P.2d 446 (1999).
Nevers, 133 Wn.2d at 806.
Id. at 807.
Id. at 809.
Id. at 811-12.
Roberts, 137 Wn.2d at 90.
RCW 7.06.050.
RCW 7.06.030.
MAR 7.1; Nevers, 133 Wn.2d at 812.
See Robinson v. City of Seattle, 119 Wn.2d 34, 77, 830 P.2d 318 (1992).
Westberg v. All-Purpose Structures, Inc., 86 Wn. App. 405, 412-13, 936 P.2d 1175 (1997).
See, e.g., In re Marriage of Maddix, 41 Wn. App. 248, 703 P.2d 1062 (1985) (failure to timely challenge service of process and presenting argument on the merits waived defense that court lacked personal jurisdiction over defendant).
Nevers, 133 Wn.2d at 811-12.
See, e.g., Myers v. Harris, 82 Wn.2d 152, 509 P.2d 656 (1973) (court waived strict compliance with one-year-old rule requiring payment of filing fee within 30
MAR 7.1(a) (emphasis added).
O’Neill v. Jacobs, 77 Wn. App. 366, 890 P.2d 1092 (1995); Hoirup v. Empire Airways, Inc., 69 Wn. App. 479, 848 P.2d 1337 (1993).