Kendrick v. Whitfield

20 Ga. 379 | Ga. | 1856

By the Court.

Lumpkin, J.

delivering the opinion.

•[1.] Did the Superior Court of Houston County have jurisdiction ? We are clear that it did.

The bill is filed to aid the defence to the action of trover. It seeks to set up an equitable bar to defeat the plaintiffs’ recovery. Neither the case of Jordan & Jordan and Carter nor any other decided by this Court conflicts with this opinion.

In that case, the defendant at Law proposed not only to prevent a judgment on the note sued in Troup County, where the defendant resided; but the bill charged the plaintiff at Law and his confederate with having cheated her intestate out of some §>75.000 by their fraudulent appropriation of his property, and prayed an account of this whole matter. This Court enforcing the rule of the Constitution, that defendants in equity must be sued in the county of their residence, when it could be done, sustained the plea to the jurisdiction of Troup Court, as to the alleged fraud.

But no decree is sought against the defendant in this case, except that he shall be perpetually enjoined from recovering' the negroes for which he has sued for, the very judgment that would be rendered at Law, provided the defence could be made available in that forum. In other words, the bill is not ■aggressive, but strictly defensive.

In Houston County, Everett and his representatives have been in the peaceable possession of these negroes for near thirty years. It is attempted to recover them from them. Where should the title or “ the cause” be tried, in the language of the Constitution ? Would not reason say, in Houston County ? The executors of Everett are not pursuing the Whitfields, but the Whitfields them. The executors are defending, and consequently, are entitled to have their rights passed upon and the defences set up, whether legal or equitable, at home.

Suppose the Legislature were, by four lines, to authorize ■a Common Law Jury to decree so as to meet out adequate •relief according to the exigences of the case, as should have been done long ago: Equity and Law would be fused, the partition wall which was so long separated would be completely broken down. In that event, Everett could make his equitable defence available at law; and it would never occur to •any one, that he wouldhaveto follow the Whitfields to-Pulaski. •Indeed,' it .is not entirely certain that the equitable bar which is here set up would -not be good at Law. True, the Act of 1820 only allows plaintiffs to sue at Law, whenever they con* ceive they can get along at Law. Why not allow defendants to set up an equitable defence, such as the lapse of time; &c. -at Law ? Is it a violent or forced construction of the law ?

But whether this be so or not, it serves to illustrate the wrong and injustice of driving the Everetts into another county to make out their defence to the action of trover, in Houston.

Were it necessary to'sustain the jurisdiction in this case, we would not hesitate to re-affirm the several adjudications heretofore made by this Court, to the effect, that the want of jurisdiction, as it is alleged, appearing on the face of the bill, the defendant should have taken advantage of it by demurrer. And that having submitted to answer the bill, the objection comes too late.

Nor. does the Ac,t of 1853-’4, allowing either party to amend at any stage of the proceeding, cure this omission. This Statute can, as it has done, at the hands of this Court, receive the broadest and most beneficial interpretation without reversing and confounding the whole order of pleading and involving the absurdity of permitting a party upon the •appeal, after he has pleaded to the merits of a cause, to plead in abatement of the action for want of jurisdiction over the person. The Legislature never intended to sanction such an -anomaly.

The party may amend at any time and in all respects, by -striking out or adding such matter as is suitable to the pleadings, at the stage of the cause when the amendment is offered.