Civ. No. 1390. | Cal. Ct. App. | Nov 22, 1915
This is an action to recover possession of personal property. From a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, and from an order denying defendant's motion for a new trial, the defendant appeals.
By the first count of the complaint it appears that the defendant made to the plaintiff a chattel mortgage securing a note on which there was due at the time of filing the complaint the sum of $835. The mortgage contained the usual provision entitling plaintiff to possession of the property, with right of sale to satisfy his claim whenever default should be made on the defendant's obligation. The facts of such default and of demand for possession and of refusal by the defendant are alleged, which the plaintiff averred are to his damage in the sum of $835. Defendant demurred separately to each count of the complaint on the general ground as to each count that it did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, and also on special grounds which we need not discuss. The demurrer was overruled, and answer filed. In support of the general demurrer, defendant contends that the first count does not contain any allegations showing the value of the demanded property, and claims that an allegation of such value is essential to the cause of action. The *43
plaintiff in this first count alleges the execution of the mortgage, a copy of which is attached to the complaint, "and made a part hereof to all intents and purposes the same as if recited at length herein." The schedule of mortgaged articles as set forth in the mortgage purports to give the value of some of those articles. Allowing this as an allegation of value, it would only specify the values at the date of the mortgage and not as of the time of filing the complaint, unless we could assume that such values continued unchanged. It is settled law that recitals in a contract incorporated in a complaint will not supply the want of essential averments in the pleading. Thus, where the complaint alleged the making of a note set forth by copy and the note recited that it was "secured by mortgage of even date herewith," it was held that this did not amount to an averment that the note was secured by mortgage. (Hibernia Savings Loan Society v. Thornton,
The contention that a statement of value of personal property in an action to recover possession thereof is essential to the cause of action seems to be based upon the fact that in such action judgment for the plaintiff may be for the possession, or the value thereof in case delivery cannot be had, and damages for the detention. (Code Civ. Proc., sec. 667.) In the earlier cases it was held to be imperative that the judgment be in the alternative form, and such judgments for possession only, without providing for a recovery of the value thereof in case delivery could not be had, were reversed even at the instance of the defendant. (Berson v. Nunan,
The second count of the complaint in this action alleges the execution of another note and chattel mortgage by the defendant to the plaintiff, upon which at the date of filing the complaint there was alleged to be due the sum of $359.12. This count is similar to the other, except that the second count alleges the value of the property sought to be recovered therein to be the sum of $1,200. The property described in the second mortgage is in part identical with that described in the first mortgage, but some of the original items are omitted and others are added. The defendant in his answer did not deny the allegation of value set forth in the second count, and the court found — as the defendant also admitted — the amount of indebtedness on each mortgage note to be substantially as stated in the complaint. The court found as a fact the total value of the property in the possession of the defendant to be the sum of $970. The judgment is for possession of all of the mortgaged property described in the findings and judgment, or if delivery thereof could not be had, that plaintiff recover from defendant the sum of $970 and specified costs.
Manifestly, the judgment is for an excessive amount. For the reasons heretofore stated, no part of the $970 can be charged against the cause of action stated, or attempted to be stated, in the first count of the complaint; and as to the second count, although it may be that the property involved therein is worth as much as $970, the debt for security of which it was mortgaged by the second mortgage did not amount to half that sum, as stated in the complaint. In Pico v. Martinez,
The judgment and the order denying defendant's motion for a new trial are reversed.
James, J., and Shaw, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing of this cause was denied by the district court of appeal on December 21, 1915.