16 Wis. 523 | Wis. | 1863
By the Court,
This was an action on an insurance policy, by which a flouring mill was insured. The plaintiff in error objects among other things, that the complaint was fatally defective in not showing that the owner of the property had sustained any damage. The complaint shows that the mill insured, was damaged by fire to an amount exceeding nine thousand dollars. But the counsel contends that this is not
Whatever merit this criticism might have, if the complaint were to be judged by the strictest rules of metaphysical precision, we are still inclined to think, that “under the code,” the pleading must be held sufficient, Notwithstanding the difficulty in the mind of counsel, the idea prevails quite generally that inanimate property may be damaged. It is very common to hear men speak of damaged wheat, damaged flour, damaged cargoes, &c. If a hurricane occurs they say that houses were damaged; of a freshet, that the crops and bridges were damaged ; if a collision on the railroad or lakes, that the engine or boat was badly damaged, &c. The same language has also inadvertently, nodcubt, crept into this policy. In the ninth condition of insurance there is a provision in regard to cases where “merchandise or other personal property is partially damaged.” So in the tenth, it is provided that in the “ case of any loss or damage to the property insured, it shall be optional with the company to replace the articles lost or damaged,” &c. And the idea is also very common, that in such cases the loss to the owners arises entirely from the fact that their inanimate property is damaged. However inaccurate these notions and forms of expressions may be, yet they^prevail so extensively that we are satisfied that the rules of pleading should be adapted to the common understanding of men, and that where a complaint on a policy avers that the property insured was damaged by fire, we must hold that it sufficiently shows a loss to the owner.
The policy was originally issued to Converse & Stevely as partners. It provided that if the property should be “ sold or conveyed without the consent of the company obtained in writing on the policy, it should be void, “ Converse sold his interest to Stevely without such consent. And the question
But if after such sale, the company knowing the fact, should see fit to waive the forfeiture, and continue the policy in force, it could undoubtedly do so. And if Steveley, after he had purchased the interest of Converse, supposing the policy to be still in force, and desiring to assign it to this plaintiff as security in connection with a mortgage on the property, should apply to the company for its consent, communicating the fact that he had bought out the interest of his partner, and the company should then consent in writing to the assignment, and that the loss, if any, should be payable to the mortgagee, there can be no doubt that this would be a waiver of the forfeiture and continue the policy in force. That the agent of the company did consent to this, was shown on the trial, but the counsel for the company sought to show what were the powers of Lindsay, the local agent at Fox Lake, for the purpose of claiming that he had no authority to consent. But we think he was properly denied the right to do so, for the
But even if the waiver depended entirely on the consent given by the general agent, which was given by altering the
The objection taken to the preliminary proofs is disposed of by the decision just made. If the company by proper consent had revived the policy after Steveley acquired the entire interest in the policy, the facts that the proofs were made on behalf of him alone, and that they do not show any assignment of interest from Converse to him, constitutes no objection. These facts had been known to the company long before, and it was
It was also claimed that the policy was avoided by false representations made as to the value of the mill at the time it was insured. The judge submitted this question to the jury, telling them that if there was “such misrepresentation of the value of the property insured, as would naturally have influenced the company, and without which they would not have issued the policy, then that ends the case.” This was a proper instruction, and all that the company could ask. But they asked a special instruction to the effect that if the jury should find that the property was not worth ten'thousand dollars info two or three thousand dollars, and that the company would not have issued the policy had they or their agent known that the property fell this much short of the stated value of ten thousand dollars,” their verdict should be for the defendant. This the court declined to charge, and we think properly enough, although the proposition is correct in itself. It was properly refused for the reason that it would have been charging upon matters of fact, to give it. The court having correctly told the jury that any misrepresentation material to the contract, would avoid the policy, rightly left it to them to say what was material. He was not bound to specify what particular difference between the real and represented value would or would not have been material. That was for the jury to
We have not noticed in order all the points and exceptions of the defendant, but only those which seemed most material. We.have discovered no error for which the judgment should be reversed; it is therefore affirmed, with costs.