40 Tex. 29 | Tex. | 1874
The ownership of the property described in the indictment was not clearly established on the trial. The indictment lays the title to .the animal alleged to have been stolen in William H. Bagley. The defendant, Kay, claimed the steer as one of the Lawrence and Riggs stock, and that he had purchased from Riggs. The evidence was conflicting and tended to lead to different conclusions on the question of title. But as the case must be disposed of on other grounds, it is not proposed to say anything further in regard to this branch of the case.
The court gave no general charge to the jury, but gave the charges asked by the district attorney and in part the charges asked by the defendant. The judge refused to charge the jury as requested by the defendant, that if they believed from the evidence that the defendant took the steer, openly claiming it as his own and without any effort at concealment, to find for the defendant.
The defendant farther asked the court to charge the jury, “If there is any reasonable doubt on your minds as to the ownership of the steer in question, the defendant is entitled to the benefit of this doubt.”
These charges were refused, and the refusal to give them is assigned as error.
The second charge asked by the district attorney and given by the court is not free from objection, in so far as the jury are instructed that the claim made by the defendant must be well founded, if by that it is to be understood that there must be no doubt about the claim. The jury were properly instructed that the claim must not be set up as a subterfuge.
But the charge is objectionable in other respects.
Where the property is taken under a fair color of title, a conviction for theft could not be sustained. If the taking, though wrongful, be not fraudulent, it is not theft, but only trespass. The intent to trespass on the property of another, though it enters into the constitution of theft, is not sufficient; there must be added to it the further intent to deprive the owner of his property. Where property is taken openly in the presence of others, or in the presence of another claimant, and not by robbery, but upon a real claim of title, and not as a pretext to defraud, it is not theft. (3 Greenleaf Ev., Sec. 157; 1 Bishop on Cr. Law, 427.)
Upon the whole, it is the opinion of the court that the case must be reversed and remanded for a new trial.
Reversed and remanded.