73 P. 67 | Kan. | 1903
The opinion of the court was delivered by
One Garverich and one Hanna owned adjoining lots in Salina. Garverich built a two-story brick building on his lot with a partition wall for the use of both lots standing six inches over the line on Hanna’s lot. This was done under a written contract providing that Hanna or his assigns should have the right to use this wall and to join a building to it upon paying half its cash value to Garverich or his assigns. This contract was not recorded, and without actual knowledge of it Kastner bought Hanna’s lot, receiving an ordinary warranty deed. Benz bought Garverich’s lot. In 1902 Kastner built a two-story brick building on his lot, using the partition wall referred- to, and extending it upward a few feet and backward about ten feet. This was done under an agreement between Benz and Kastner, the terms of which are in dispute, but the claim of Benz (which has some evidence to
It is contended by plaintiff in error that it was error to admit in evidence the written contract between Hanna and Garverich. As the contract was not recorded and no attempt was made to prove that Kastner had actual notice of it, it was not binding upon him. (Sharp v. Cheatham, 88 Mo. 498, 57 Am. Rep. 433 ; Brower v. Williams, 44 N. Y. App. Div. 377, 60 N. Y. Supp. 716.) The existence of the wall, built partly on the lot purchased by him, was not inconsistent with the record title, and its use by the adjoining lotowner did not constitute an adverse possession. (Winn v. Abeles, 35 Kan. 85, 10 Pac. 443, 57 Am. Rep. 138.) But we do not regard the admission of the contract at the hearing on the application for a temporary injunction as prejudicial error. However, the release of Kastner from an assumed obligation to pay
The question is therefore fairly presented whether an executed parol license which was given for a valuable consideration, and upon the strength of which the licensee has expended money or labor, may be revoked at the pleasure of the licensor. The English courts hold that such a license is revocable. In this country there are two lines of decisions, substantially equal in number and authority. The English and American cases are cited in very full notes in the eighteenth volume of the American and English Encyclopedia of Law, second edition, at pages 1145 to 1147. The question being new in this court, we adopt the reasoning that impresses us as being more in keeping with modern ideas of equitable principles as well as with natural justice. Cases can readily be imagined where the revocation of a license in reliance upon which the licensee has changed his own situation might work the gravest fraud, injustice, and injury. Under the plaintiff’s theory of the facts in the present case, the denial by the defendant of plaintiff’s right to use the stairway after the latter had consented to the extension of the party wall upon his land and altered his own building to conform to the new arrangement is unconscionable. Accepting plaintiff’s evidence as
The decision of the trial court is affirmed.