Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
341 Or. App. 674
Or. Ct. App.2025Check Treatment674 July 9, 2025 No. 609
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE
STATE OF OREGON
JUNIPER INSTITUTE, LLC,
Respondent,
v.
DESCHUTES COUNTY,
Petitioner,
and
Carey BRENNAN
and Pronghorn Community Association,
Intervenors-Respondents below.
Land Use Board of Appeals
2024077;
A186996
Argued and submitted May 9, 2025.
Stephanie Marshall argued the cause and filed the brief
for petitioner.
Alex J. Berger argued the cause for respondent. Also on
the brief was Emerge Law Group.
Kevin Jacoby and Harrang Long, P.C., filed the brief
amicus curiae for Cannabis Industry Alliance of Oregon,
Inc.
Before Ortega, Presiding Judge, Hellman, Judge, and
O’Connor, Judge.
ORTEGA, P. J.
Reversed and remanded.
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 675
676 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
ORTEGA, P. J.
Deschutes County seeks judicial review of a Land
Use Board of Appeals (LUBA) order that reversed its denial
of a conditional use permit (CUP) to Juniper Institute, LLC.
Juniper sought to establish and operate a psilocybin services
center within Juniper Preserve, a destination resort, which is
accessed through Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land
under a right-of-way agreement (the BLM ROW). The county
denied the CUP based on its determination that Juniper had
not demonstrated that the site was suitable based on the
adequacy of transportation access, as required by Deschutes
County Code (DCC) 18.128.015(A)(2), because it is illegal to
transport psilocybin across federal land and the BLM ROW
did not otherwise allow such transport. LUBA reversed and
directed the county to approve the CUP. The county seeks
review of LUBA’s decision, raising six assignments of error.
We do not address the merits of the county’s first
and sixth assignments of error, neither of which was suffi-
ciently preserved below.1 We also do not address the coun-
ty’s fourth assignment of error, because our disposition on
the other assignments obviates the need to do so.2 As to the
county’s remaining three assignments of error, we conclude
that LUBA’s order is unlawful in substance, ORS 197.850(9)
(a). In brief, we conclude that (1) the county’s construction of
DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) was plausible, (2) the county did not
exceed its authority under the Oregon Psilocybin Services
Act in denying the CUP, and (3) LUBA erred in concluding
that Juniper was entitled to a CUP as a matter of law because
that conclusion improperly relieved Juniper of the burden of
proof it bore to demonstrate that it met the criteria in DCC
18.128.015(A)(2). Accordingly, we reverse and remand.
1
In its first assignment of error, the county argues that LUBA “fail[ed] to
accord the [c]ounty’s denial of a CUP application the presumption of regularity
accorded such decisions under Oregon law.” In its sixth assignment, the county
asserts that LUBA’s order requiring it to issue the CUP is unconstitutional
because it creates a direct conflict between state and federal law, such that state
law would be preempted. Amicus curiae Cannabis Industry Alliance of Oregon,
Inc. submitted argument in support of Juniper, responding only to the county’s
sixth assignment of error.
2
In its fourth assignment of error, the county argues that Juniper had
waived its argument that the county denied the CUP based on federal law and,
thus, LUBA erred in considering it.
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 677
I. BACKGROUND
Under the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act, ORS
475A.210 to 475A.722, persons licensed by the Oregon Health
Authority may provide psilocybin services to persons 21
years of age and older. The act provides that cities or counties
“may adopt ordinances that impose reasonable regulations
on the operation of businesses located at premises for which
a license has been issued” under the act. ORS 475A.530(2).
“Reasonable regulations” include reasonable limitations on
where a premises for psilocybin services may be located.
ORS 475A.530(1)(e). The county has adopted provisions
governing the location of psilocybin services centers in the
county, including, as relevant here, DCC 18.113.030(D)(7),
which authorizes licensed psilocybin services centers in a
destination resort, subject to the conditional use criteria in
DCC 18.128.015.3 The burden is on the applicant to demon-
strate that the conditional use criteria are satisfied. DCC
22.24.050 (burden of proof for land use proceedings); DCC
18.128.010(A) (providing that standards in DCC, Title 22
apply to a conditional use in DCC, Title 18).
In this case, Juniper sought approval from the
county for a CUP and site plan review to establish a psilo-
cybin services center within a destination resort. The resort
is private property that is surrounded by federal public land
managed by the BLM. The access for the resort crosses that
public land and is governed by the BLM ROW. As relevant
3
DCC 18.128.015 provides:
“Except for those conditional uses permitting individual single-unit
dwellings, conditional uses shall comply with the following standards in
addition to the standards of the zone in which the conditional use is located
and any other applicable standards of the chapter:
“A. The site under consideration shall be determined to be suitable for
the proposed use based on the following factors:
“1. Site, design, and operating characteristics of the use;
“2. Adequacy of transportation access to the site; and
“3. The natural and physical features of the site, including, but not lim-
ited to, general topography, natural hazards, and natural resource values.
“B. The proposed use shall be compatible with existing and projected uses
on surrounding properties based on the factors listed in DCC 18.128.015(A).
“C. These standards and any other standards of DCC 18.128 may be met
by the imposition of conditions calculated to ensure that the standard will be
met.”
678 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
here, the BLM ROW contains the following terms and
conditions:
“a. This grant is issued subject to the holder’s compliance
with all applicable regulations contained in Title 43 Code
of Federal Regulations part 2800.
“* * * * *
“e. Failure of the holder to comply with applicable law or
any provision of this right-of-way grant shall constitute
grounds for suspension or termination thereof.”
After a hearing, the county hearings officer denied
Juniper’s application for a CUP. The hearings officer first
determined that “the BLM ROW is part of the access to the
site that must be considered.” The hearings officer also found
that, if a component of the proposed transportation access—
specifically, transporting psilocybin across the BLM ROW—
could not be used for that purpose, then the entirety of the
transportation access is inadequate. The hearings officer
then found and concluded the following as to the conditional
use criteria of transportation access:
“I agree with the Applicant that a land use approval is typ-
ically not the correct venue for resolving the rights of par-
ties to a specific agreement. But such an exercise is not nec-
essary here. Instead, the Hearings Officer must look to the
evidence in the record and make findings based on the pre-
ponderance of the evidence in the record to determine if a
criterion is satisfied. The evidence in this record is that: (1)
use of the BLM ROW requires compliance with federal law;
(2) federal law prohibits transportation of psilocybin across
federal lands; and (3) the Applicant intends to use trans-
portation access to the site across federal land to transport
psilocybin. The Applicant acknowledges that its proposed
use is not allowed by the express terms of the BLM ROW.
Whether or not BLM ultimately enforces the requirements
of the BLM ROW is therefore not relevant; on the face of the
documents alone, the Applicant has not established that it
can do what it proposes to do. * * *
“Based on the foregoing, I find that the Applicant has not
met its burden of demonstrating that the site is suitable
for the proposed use pursuant to the transportation access
factor of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2).”
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 679
Juniper appealed that decision to the Deschutes
County Board of Commissioners, which conducted a lim-
ited de novo hearing of the matter. The county adopted the
hearings officer’s interpretation of the DCC, determined
that Juniper had not met its burden of proof, and denied
Juniper’s application for the CUP. The county determined as
follows:
“The Board adopts the Hearings Officer’s findings regard-
ing suitability of the site as it pertains to transportation
access. In this case, the subject property and the entire
destination resort is accessed via an easement across
Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land. Lisa Clark,
Field Manager with the BLM, submitted comments dated
July 11, 2024, that state psilocybin cannot be transported
across federal land. The Board reviewed additional testi-
mony and arguments that were submitted and upholds the
Hearings Officer’s denial of the subject application on the
basis that DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) has not been satisfied.”
Juniper sought review by LUBA, raising four
assignments of error: (1) the county “misinterpret[ed] DCC
18.128.015(A)(2) to constitute a mandatory approval stan-
dard and further misinterpreted the geographic and subject
scope of that provision”; (2) the county “improperly bas[ed]
its denial on factually incorrect findings and [the county]
lacks legal authority upon remand to interpret a private
agreement to clarify the factually incorrect findings”; (3)
the county erred “because under the [c]ounty’s interpre-
tation of [DCC 18.128.015(A)(2)], adequate transportation
access nevertheless exists”; and (4) the county “exceed[ed]
its authority to apply federal law to deny the [a]pplication,
which exceeds the [c]ounty’s discretion and which is prohib-
ited as a matter of law.” LUBA addressed Juniper’s second,
first, and fourth assignments and reversed the county’s deci-
sion denying Juniper’s application for a CUP and directed
the county to issue the CUP.
Starting with Juniper’s second assignment of
error, LUBA determined that two of the county’s findings
were not supported by substantial evidence. First was the
county finding that Juniper “acknowledges that its proposed
use is not allowed by the express terms of the BLM ROW.”
LUBA concluded that the statements made by Juniper “are
680 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
not evidence that a reasonable person would find equate
to an admission by [Juniper] that the BLM ROW prohibits
transportation of psilocybin.” Second was the county finding
that “on the face of the documents alone, [Juniper] has not
established that it can do what it proposes to do.” LUBA con-
cluded that the BLM ROW is ambiguous as to what consti-
tutes “applicable law” to the BLM ROW, with regard to psi-
locybin transport or the federal Controlled Substances Act.
As a result, LUBA concluded that “we agree with [Juniper]
that the county’s finding that the BLM ROW on its face
unambiguously prohibits the proposed use is not supported
by substantial evidence or substantial reason.”
Next, addressing Juniper’s first assignment of
error, LUBA concluded that the county misconstrued DCC
18.128.015(A)(2) in part. Applying deference to the coun-
ty’s interpretation, LUBA determined that it was plausible
in three respects: it is a mandatory approval standard, it
permits looking beyond immediate site access to the larger
transportation connection, and “access” includes the legal
right to cross between public and private property. However,
LUBA concluded that the county erred by construing
“access” to regulate transportation of psilocybin, because
the code definition of “access” refers only to the movement
of pedestrians and vehicles, and not to objects transported
in the vehicles. LUBA stated that “[w]hether vehicles that
access the site contain objects that violate federal law or the
BLM ROW is not plausibly governed by DCC 18.128.015(A)
(2)[.]”
Finally, addressing Juniper’s fourth assignment,
LUBA concluded that the county exceeded its authority in
denying the application. LUBA concluded that “the county’s
interpretation of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) as prohibiting psi-
locybin transport across federal land constitutes an unrea-
sonable limitation on where a licensed psilocybin business
‘may be located,’ ” in violation of ORS 475A.530. LUBA deter-
mined that the county looked beyond the facts of the case
to broader questions of access on federal property, and that
the county’s application of the federal Controlled Substances
Act to deny the application was improper because that act
is not a land use regulation. Additionally, LUBA rejected
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 681
the county’s argument that it was not relying on federal
law. LUBA stated that “either the county impermissibly
applied the federal Controlled Substances Act, based on the
interpretations provided by the BLM employees * * *, or the
county impermissibly relied on its own interpretation of the
BLM ROW grant, which, as we explain above, is ambiguous
and disputed.”
LUBA concluded:
“The [county] board’s only basis for denying the appli-
cations relies on an implausible construction of DCC
18.128.015(A)(2) and the federal Controlled Substances Act,
which is not a land use standard. The board concluded that
all other applicable criteria were satisfied, with conditions.
The county has not identified any applicable standards that
would require further review. Thus, the ‘decision is outside
the range of discretion allowed the local government under
its comprehensive plan and implementing ordinances’ and
reversal with an order to approve is the appropriate rem-
edy. ORS 197.835(10)(a)(A).”
The county now seeks judicial review, raising six
assignments of error. We address the county’s third, fifth,
and second assignments below.
II. ANALYSIS
A. The County’s Interpretation of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2)
We begin with the county’s third assignment of error.
The county argues that LUBA erred in concluding that the
county’s interpretation of “access” in DCC 18.128.015(A)(2)
was implausible and in substituting its own interpretation.
LUBA may reject the county’s interpretation of its
own land use regulations only if the county’s interpretation
is “inconsistent with the express language of” the regu-
lation, “inconsistent with the purpose for” the regulation,
“inconsistent with the underlying policy that provides the
basis for” the regulation, or it is “contrary to a state statute,
land use goal[,] or rule that the [regulation] implements.”
ORS 197.829(1). We, and LUBA, must defer to the county’s
interpretation of its regulations, if that interpretation “plau-
sibly accounts for the text and context” of the provision.
Siporen v. City of Medford, 349 Or 247, 262,243 P3d 776
682 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County (2010). That “a stronger or more logical interpretation exists does not make a local government’s interpretation implau- sible.” Gould v. Deschutes County,272 Or App 666, 675
,362 P3d 679
(2015). We determine whether the county’s inter- pretation is plausible using the interpretive principles that ordinarily apply to the construction of ordinances, as pro- vided in State v. Gaines,346 Or 160, 171-72
,206 P3d 1042
(2009). See, e.g., Botts Marsh LLC v. City of Wheeler,326 Or App 215, 228
,532 P3d 544
(2023).
The regulation at issue here is DCC 18.128.015(A)(2),
which provides:
“Except for those conditional uses permitting individual
single-unit dwellings, conditional uses shall comply with
the following standards in addition to the standards of the
zone in which the conditional use is located and any other
applicable standards of the chapter:
“A. The site under consideration shall be determined
to be suitable for the proposed use based on the following
factors:
“* * * * *
“2. Adequacy of transportation access to the site[.]”
In addition, under DCC 18.04.030, “access” is defined as “the
right to cross between public and private property allowing
pedestrians and vehicles to enter and leave property.”
The county interpreted the transportation access
criteria, for purposes of Juniper’s CUP application for a psi-
locybin services center, to allow it to consider that the BLM
ROW requires compliance with federal law, “federal law pro-
hibits the transportation of psilocybin across federal lands,”
and that Juniper “intends to use transportation access to
the site across federal land to transport psilocybin.” LUBA
concluded that was an implausible interpretation because
the definition of “access” refers only to the movement of
pedestrians and vehicles, and not to objects transported in
the vehicles. That conclusion was erroneous.4
4
To the extent LUBA’s analysis was based on its view that the county was
interpreting DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) to regulate the transportation of psilocybin,
we also reject that analysis because it is not an accurate description of the coun-
ty’s interpretation.
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 683
The conditional use provision provides that the
factors, including adequacy of transportation access, are to
be used to determine whether the site is “suitable for the
proposed use.” DCC 18.128.015(A). Thus, the adequacy of
transportation access to the site must take into account the
proposed use at issue—here, a psilocybin services center to
which Juniper will transport psilocybin. In addition, the
definition of “access” is “the right to cross between public
and private property allowing pedestrians and vehicles to
enter and leave property.” DCC 18.04.030 (emphasis added).
LUBA narrowed its focus to the use of the words “pedestri-
ans and vehicles” in that definition. However, the focus of
the definition itself is on “the right to cross between pub-
lic and private property.” The “right” in that definition, in
the context of the transportation access criteria, plausibly
includes the legal right to use the access for the proposed
conditional use, given that DCC 18.128.015(A) requires the
county to consider the adequacy of the transportation access
in the context of the proposed use. The county’s interpre-
tation plausibly accounts for all of the express language in
the applicable provisions, and LUBA’s order was “unlawful
in substance” in failing to defer to that interpretation as
required under ORS 197.829(1).
B. County Authority under the Oregon Psilocybin Services
Act
Next, we address the county’s fifth assignment of
error. The county argues that LUBA erred in concluding
that the county’s interpretation of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) was
an unreasonable limitation on psilocybin business, under
ORS 475A.530.5 We review LUBA’s construction of a stat-
ute for legal error, Roberts v. City of Cannon Beach, 334 Or
App 762, 770,557 P3d 1143
(2024). We conclude that LUBA
5
We reject Juniper’s argument that the county failed to preserve its fifth
assignment of error. We acknowledge that the county’s argument includes cita-
tions to provisions in the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act that were not presented
below to LUBA in responding to Juniper’s argument that the county’s regulation
was unreasonable because it applied federal law. However, preservation is not
dependent upon making particular citations. The county did adequately preserve
its argument that it was not applying federal law and that the Oregon Psilocybin
Services Act allowed the county to consider both the undisputed evidence that
psilocybin cannot be legally transported across federal land and the express
terms of the BLM ROW.
684 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
erred in its construction, primarily on the basis of our above
analysis which undercuts LUBA’s reasoning.
Under ORS 475A.530(2), “the governing body of a
city or county may adopt ordinances that impose reason-
able regulations on the operation of businesses located at
premises for which a license has been issued under ORS
475A.210 to 475A.722[.]” As relevant here, “[r]easonable reg-
ulations” include “[r]easonable limitations on where a prem-
ises for which a license may be issued under ORS 475A.210
to 475A.722 may be located.” ORS 475A.530(1)(e).
In its order, LUBA concluded that “the county’s
interpretation of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) as prohibiting psi-
locybin transport across federal land constitutes an unrea-
sonable limitation on where a licensed psilocybin business
‘may be located.’ ” LUBA determined that the county looked
beyond the facts of the case and either improperly applied
the federal Controlled Substances Act to its land use deci-
sion, when that act is not a land use regulation, or it improp-
erly relied on its own interpretation of the BLM ROW, which
was ambiguous as to what law applied to it.
We conclude that LUBA erred, primarily because
LUBA’s analysis mischaracterizes the county’s interpre-
tation of DCC 18.128.015(A)(2), which we have addressed
above. As explained, in the context of Juniper’s proposed use,
the county interpreted DCC 18.128.015(A)(2) as permitting
it to consider the evidence in the record that the BLM ROW
requires compliance with federal law, that “federal law pro-
hibits the transportation of psilocybin across federal lands,”
and that Juniper “intends to use transportation access to
the site across federal land to transport psilocybin.” The
county was not applying the federal Controlled Substances
Act to its regulation or interpreting its regulation to pro-
hibit transport of psilocybin across federal land; it was eval-
uating the CUP application based on the record before it.
Juniper’s proposed use included transportation of psilocybin
to the site and Juniper was relying on the BLM ROW as the
means to meet its burden to satisfy the transportation access
requirement. The county found, based on the evidence in
the record, that psilocybin could not be legally transported
across federal land and the face of the BLM ROW did not
Cite as 341 Or App 674 (2025) 685
expressly permit it. As a result, the county denied the CUP
based on Juniper’s failure to meet its burden to demonstrate
that it met the transportation access requirement in DCC
18.128.015(A)(2).
Contrary to LUBA’s conclusions, the line of reason-
ing adopted by the county did not look outside the record,
did not apply the federal Controlled Substances Act to its
land use decision, and was not based on an interpretation
of an ambiguity in the BLM ROW.6 As a result, we conclude
that LUBA’s order was “unlawful in substance.”
C. LUBA’s Application of the Standard of Review
We next address the county’s second assignment
of error, in which it asserts that LUBA failed to correctly
apply its standard of review in considering the county’s
denial of the CUP. Specifically, the county argues that (1)
LUBA mischaracterized the county’s findings that it then
determined were not supported by substantial evidence, and
(2) “[b]y concluding that [the BLM ROW] is ambiguous with
respect to whether it may be used to transport psilocybin,
LUBA improperly excused [Juniper] from meeting its bur-
den of proving that it did have lawful authority to do so.”
(Emphasis in original; underline omitted.)
To address the county’s argument, we must first
determine our standard of review. Ordinarily, when we
review LUBA’s consideration of whether substantial evi-
dence supports a local government’s decision, “[w]e examine
whether LUBA has applied the proper substantial-evidence
standard of review.” Stevens v. City of Island City, 260 Or
App 768, 772,324 P3d 477
(2014). However, in addition to
applying substantial evidence review to two of the county’s
findings, LUBA went further in this case. LUBA did not
determine only that the county’s decision was not supported
6
We note that we may not construe the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act,
among other things, “[t]o prohibit a party to a federal contract * * * from prohib-
iting the manufacture, delivery, possession or use of psilocybin products to the
extent necessary to comply with the terms and conditions of the contract or to
satisfy federal requirements for the contract,” “[t]o require a person to violate a
federal law,” or “[t]o exempt a person from federal law or obstruct the enforcement
of a federal law.” ORS 475A.215(5), (6), (7). We do not construe how those provi-
sions interact with a construction of what is a reasonable regulation under ORS
475A.530, because it is unnecessary to our disposition in this case.
686 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
by substantial evidence and remand for further consider-
ation. Ultimately, LUBA determined that the only decision
the county could reach was that Juniper was entitled to the
CUP as a matter of law. “In such a situation, LUBA takes
up a question of law, and, consequently, in the course of con-
sidering whether LUBA’s order is ‘unlawful in substance,’
ORS 197.850(9)(a), we consider whether it ‘represents a mis-
taken application of the applicable law.’ ” Roberts, 334 Or
App at 768-69 (quoting Tylka v. Clackamas County,330 Or App 247
, 248,543 P3d 743
(2024)). Here, we conclude that
LUBA’s order represents a mistaken application of the law,
as explained below.
We first address the county’s argument that LUBA
mischaracterized the two findings of fact that LUBA deter-
mined were not supported by substantial evidence. With
respect to the county’s finding that, “[Juniper] acknowledges
that its proposed use is not allowed by the express terms of
the BLM ROW,” we conclude that LUBA did not mischarac-
terize that finding or err in its application of the standard of
review because the finding was about what Juniper acknowl-
edged. LUBA correctly articulated its substantial evidence
standard of review for that finding, and the county has not
persuaded us that the evidence in the record is “so at odds”
with LUBA’s evaluation that we could infer that LUBA mis-
understood or misapplied that standard with respect to that
finding.
However, we make a different evaluation with
respect to the second county finding that, “on the face of
the documents alone, [Juniper] has not established that it
can do what it proposes to do.” LUBA treated that state-
ment as a finding of fact that the BLM ROW unambiguously
prohibits the proposed use. Based on that characterization,
LUBA then determined that the finding was not supported
by substantial evidence or substantial reason because, in its
view, the BLM ROW is ambiguous as to whether the federal
Controlled Substances Act was applicable law for purposes
of that instrument. That was error in two respects.
First, whether a right-of-way grant is ambiguous is
not a finding of fact to which substantial evidence review
applies; it is a legal question. See Carroll v. Lane County, 340
Cite as 341 Or App 674(2025)687 Or App 514
, 523, ___ P3d ___ (2025) (holding that LUBA erred in conducting substantial evidence review of a deed, because whether the text of a deed is ambiguous presents a legal question); see also, e.g., Stone v. CCXL, LLC,318 Or App 107, 122
,506 P3d 1167
, rev den,370 Or 198
(2022)
(determining whether an easement instrument is ambigu-
ous is question of law). LUBA erred in applying substantial
evidence review to that issue.
Second, and more importantly, we agree with the
county that LUBA mischaracterized the hearings officer’s
statement. In context, what the hearings officer found was
that Juniper had failed to meet its burden to prove that it
met the transportation access criteria based on the face of
the BLM ROW, which is the document that Juniper was rely-
ing on. The hearings officer was not making a factual find-
ing or legal determination about what law was definitively
incorporated into the BLM ROW; rather, the officer made
the correct legal statement that Juniper had not established
that the BLM ROW, on its face, permitted Juniper to trans-
port psilocybin across federal land. The officer did not state
that that proposed use was prohibited by the BLM ROW, as
characterized by LUBA. Thus, LUBA erred in improperly
applying substantial evidence review to a legal issue and in
concluding that the hearings officer’s statement was unsup-
ported by the face of the BLM ROW based on a mischarac-
terization of that statement.
That discussion leads us into the county’s next argu-
ment with which we also agree. LUBA failed to appropri-
ately consider in its analysis that Juniper bore the burden of
proof to demonstrate that the transportation access criteria
was satisfied. Because the county and LUBA are not appro-
priate forums to determine the meaning of an ambiguous
contract, it necessarily follows from LUBA’s determination
that the BLM ROW was ambiguous as to whether the fed-
eral Controlled Substances Act was applicable law that gov-
erned Juniper’s access under the BLM ROW that Juniper
could not meet its burden that it satisfied the transportation
access criteria in the context of its proposed use based on the
BLM ROW alone. LUBA’s conclusion that Juniper was enti-
tled to a CUP as a matter of law ignored Juniper’s burden
688 Juniper Institue, LLC v. Deschutes County
and was based on legally erroneous conclusions. As a result,
LUBA’s conclusion that Juniper was entitled to the CUP
was a “mistaken application of the applicable law.” Roberts,
334 Or App at 769.
Based on the forgoing, we reverse and remand
LUBA’s order.
Reversed and remanded.