301 Mass. 361 | Mass. | 1938
This is an action of tort to recover compensation for personal injuries sustained by the plaintiff when struck by a freight train, while he was walking upon or
The evidence in its aspect most favorable to the plaintiff tends to show the following facts: The accident occurred on January 22, 1929, on land then held and in part used by the United States government as a storage place for military supplies and commonly called the “Army Base.” Most of the buildings on the premises were, however, leased to private corporations engaged in commercial enterprises not associated in any way with the national government. Railroad tracks, over which the defendant operated its locomotives and cars, ran easterly and westerly, and extended substantially the entire length of the pier or Army Base. On one side of the tracks a paved way called Terminal Street, sixty feet in width, extended centrally along the pier. The tracks involved are on private land and not owned or leased by the railroad corporation.
The plaintiff was an employee of the Bay State Shipping Company, which occupied most of the buildings lying adjacent to the tracks by virtue of a lease or leases from the Federal government. He had been employed by that company or its predecessors on the “Army Supply Base Pier,” as a general laborer, for over fifteen years prior to the accident. “He did what he was told to do inside and outside the buildings.” On the day in question he completed his work at “a little after five o’clock” in the afternoon. He started for home and walked along Terminal Street on the left hand or southerly side, “where the tracks were laid.” The surface there was paved in the same manner as the area of Terminal Street adjacent to the tracks on the north
The burden was on the defendant to prove that the plaintiff had been guilty of contributory negligence. G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 231, § 85. It is only in rare instances that this requirement can be said, as matter of law, to have been satisfied. Mosher v. Hayes, 288 Mass. 58. Where the evidence is conflicting or where on all the facts more than one inference rationally may be drawn “it is a question of fact and cannot be ruled as matter of law.” Mercier v. Union Street Railway, 230 Mass. 397, 404. Lekarczyk v. Dupre, 265 Mass. 33, 38. But where “from the facts which are undisputed or indisputable, or shown by evidence by which the plaintiff is bound [as in the case at bar], only one rational inference can be drawn and that- an inference
In the case at bar the plaintiff was familiar with the location of the tracks in question. At the time of the accident it was light enough for him to see the tracks and freight cars standing upon them here and there, and after he had been struck he saw the engine attached to the car which struck him. It follows that it must have been possible for him to have seen the train before it struck him if he had looked. Either he did not take advantage of his apparent opportunity to look in a place which he must be taken to have known was one of danger, whether he was walking upon the tracks or so near thereto as to have been struck by the train, or he looked so carelessly that he did not see the approaching train and continued on a path of known danger, although a plan of the locus discloses that Terminal Street was wide enough beside the tracks to afford him ample and safe means of egress. It was the normal means of egress from the place where he concluded his labors. In the circumstances before recited, if the plaintiff looked and did not notice the approaching train he must have looked carelessly and so is in the same situation as if he had not looked at all. Collins v. Boston Elevated Railway, 218 Mass. 284, 286. If he did not look when he might have done so his neglect to use his eyes was palpable negligence, and the evidence does not disclose any reasonable excuse for it. Butterfield v. Western Railroad, 10 Allen, 532, 534. Aller
A railroad track is a place of danger, and one, unnecessarily and voluntarily going upon it or so near to it as to be in a position of peril, must take active measures of precaution. Bancroft v. Boston & Worcester Railroad, 97 Mass. 275, 278-279.
If we assume that the jury could have found that the defendant was guilty of negligence having a causal connection with the plaintiff’s injury, and assume, without deciding, that the rights of the defendant over and upon the tracks did not rise above those of the plaintiff, the latter “was yet not relieved of the duty to use reasonable care for his own safety.” Byrnes v. New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, 195 Mass. 437, 439. We are of opinion that the evidence most favorable to him requires a ruling, as matter of law, that at the time of the accident he was guilty of contributory negligence, and that the judge erred in denying the defendant’s motion for a directed verdict. It is unnecessary to consider the other exceptions argued by the defendant’s counsel.
The defendant’s exception to the denial of its motion for a directed verdict is sustained. In accordance with the provisions of G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 231, § 122, judgment is to be entered for the defendant, and it is
So ordered.
The action was brought in the name of the plaintiff under the provisions of G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 152, § 15.