90 Ga. 810 | Ga. | 1893
The plaintiffs in error brought their action against the defendant in error, alleging, in substance, that they had purchased a certain quantity of fertilizers in Charleston, South Carolina, and shipped them over certain railroads to be delivered' at Skellie’s, a station on the line of the defendant, eighty-five miles from the point at which it received them from a connecting road on the 20th of March ; that it was the duty of the defendant as a common carrier to deliver the goods within a reasonable time from its reception of them, but that by its carelessness and negligence the goods were not delivered until the 25th of April; and that by this unreasonable delay the goods were damaged, etc. The trial resulted in a verdict for the plaintiffs. The defendants made a motion for a new trial on the several grounds stated therein, and the trial judge granted it upon the ground that “the plaintiffs having shown by their pleadings and evidence that a special contract was made with the South Carolina Railroad Company for the transportation and delivery of the fertilizer's in controversy to Skellie’s Station on the E. T.', Ya. & Ga. Railway, they cannot, under the decisions of the Supreme Court of Georgia, recover against the defendant company.” The plaintiffs excepted and brought this ruling here for review.
The court erred in granting a new trial upon the ground stated. This court has never held, so far as we can ascertain, that a railroad company sued as a common carrier is not liable in tort when it receives goods for transportation, with the consent of the owner, in due course of its business, and they are damaged by the wrongful act or omission of the railroad company. When a railroad company is sued as a common carrier, for its own wrongful acts resulting in damage to the owner, it is not necessary to show a contract with it in
The decisions in the cases of Southern Express Company v. Shea, 88 Ga. 519, and Mosher v. Express Company, Id. 37, relied upon by counsel for the defendant in error, were based solely upon the effect of a contract. They overlooked .the elements of pure torkas a ground of liability on the part of the common carrier for his own acts or omissions. In the case of Cohen v. Express Company, 53 Ga. 128, the court took note of this element and recognized it as a basis of liability independently of contract. Warner, C. J., who wrote the opinion in the case first cited, says in Cohen’s case that “it is a general principle applicable to common carriers, that when a duty is imposed upon them by law, an action may be sustained against them by any person
2. The court having granted the motion for a new trial upon a special ground, the defendant company filed a cross-bill of exceptions, assigning error because the court refused the motion upon the other grounds set forth therein. As some of these grounds were well taken and consequently the case is to be tried again, it becomes our duty to pass upon such of the alleged errors assigned in the cross-bill as are material and necessary to aid the trial judge when the case is so tried. The first of the errors assigned is, that the court admitted in evidence, over the objection of the defendant, the testimony of one of the plaintiffs, that he had seen a telegram from one Griffin to Graves, the defendant’s agent at Rome, which stated -that the fertilizers were received by the defendant in Atlanta on March 20th. There was no proof as to whether Griffin was the agent of the defendant company or not, or if he was the agent, that it was within the scope of his duties to investigate the loss of the goods, or to ascertain the time when they were received by the company. While there was proof that Graves was the agent of the company, he was not the agent at the station to which the goods were consigned, or at which they were actually received. He was the agent at Rome, to which station the goods were not consigned; nor were they actually sent there until sent for sale as unclaimed goods. The court therefore erred in admitting this testimony. Evans v. Railroad Company, 56 Ga. 498.
3. Certain letters from one Tipton were admitted in evidence over the objection of the defendant. These letters were written on the letter-heads of the defendant company, and were signed by Tipton as agent, and the contents thereof were concerning the loss of the fértil
4. The plaintiffs in their declaration alleged that the defendant had been stubbornly litigious and had caused them unnecessary trouble and expense, and had acted in bad faith with them, to their great cost and damage in attorney’s fees and other expenses, to the sum of one hundred dollars. Upon this allegation and some proof as to expenses, the court charged the jury, in substance, that if the allegations were true, plaintiffs could recover from defendant “ whatever amount in your discretion they were damaged thereby.” The code, §2942, says that a jury may allow, as part of the damages, the expenses of litigation whenever the defendant has acted in the manner set out in this allegation. But the amount of such expenses is not a matter of discretion with the jury, as the court charged. The discretion allowed them in this section is not as to the amount, but as to whether, from all the facts and circumstances disclosed on the trial, they will allow any expenses of litigation at all. If they are allowed, the amount thereof must be proved by testimony.
5. The other grounds of error made in the cross-bill are fully covered by the head-notes thereon, and do not need further elaboration in this opinion.
Judgment reversed.