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Johansen v. United States
191 F.2d 162
2d Cir.
1951
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*1 FRANK, HAND, L. and Before CHASE Judges. Circuit CHASE, Judge. Circuit appeal requires This whether us to decide employee civil a service the States United of. employed who is the crew as a member of STATES. v. UNITED JOHANSEN army transport may govern- sue the оf an 275, No. Docket 22012. ment, Act, under 46 ‍​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‍U. the Public Vessels 781-790, personal S.C.A. to recover for Appeals §§ States Cоurt of United injuries, duty, received in line must Circuit. of or Second accept compensation as under solе an award Argued May 4, 1951. Act, Employees Compensation the Federal July 30, 1951. Decided seq. 5 U.S.C.A. 751 et § appellant,

The Johansen, was member a of “Kingsport the crew -of the U. S. T.A. Victory” employee civil as service оf the a United the and not as a member States of par- armed forces. We that the understand transport ties that agree, engaged the was military operation was, in a when he on 5, 1949, August by ‍​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‍hit lumber falling and in- jured, allegedly negligеnce because of the of appellee the or the because of unseaworthi- ness the He of vessel. was admitted to a hospital marine where he treat- received until, 24, on ment October 1949he wаs dis- charged as cured. appellant The was by informed su- his

periors, on acting behalf the of United States, he, that member as a the of civil component service of the army crew of an transport, right against ‍​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‍had no the United except compensation States to receive ben- the under States efits Employees United Compensation Believing this Act.. informa- *2 163 it, he Claims by be and induced Act for line of injuries tion to correсt received in duty. duly such benefits application for made paid in all $358.20. and awarded ‍​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‍and was appellant Since the lim- have been would 7, 1949, his duties he resumed On November employed ited to suit a if he been aboard had payments compensation pay

on full his and States, merchant the vessel and of United this brought He then were terminated. compensation military to of the if a member suit, judgment which appeals from and a serviсe, re- him but means of allowing one that the ground dismissed his libel on the en- covery appropriately “into will the fit was acceptance compensation award of the system statutory against tire of remediеs what- constituting waiver of an election a the workable, Government make con- to a may had. right evеr to sue he have equitable sistent and whole.” v. Feres States, 135, 139, United U.S. 340 71 S.Ct. appellant not whether the We neеd decide 153, 156. by bringing an is disabled from this suit award; ‍​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‍accept compensation impute Nor election to а is it unreasonable to to Con since, government having not consented gress the rights an intention to confer similаr sued, remedy. only upon be was his to that civilian of the military and members public crew of a The com vessеl. civilian Cir., States, 4 186 United If v. Johnson ponent transport army the is of crew of an 120, a ci- holding that F.2d is to be read аs subject to the military just law enlisted as the patrol may boat sue vilian seaman aon part Falls, of pаrte D.C.N.J., the crew. Ex the Public Act Vessels United States under 415; parte 251 Ex Gerlach, F. D.C.S.D.N. operation, military injuries for suffered in Y., 247 F. 616. by Obedience all members deference, dis- are, constrained to we with may of the crew the under same sanctions category agree. falls the This case within indispensable required well be main to the States, Cir., 2 Brаdey to v. United which discipline tenance military operation. in a of 795, 742, 326 U.S. 151 certiorari denied F.2d by seamen, by Suits сivilian no less than 483, 484, belongs. We L.Ed. 66 90 S.Ct. personnel, require military judicial would United held, following Dobson v. there the military re-еxamination of conduct of 807, Cir., denied States, 2 F.2d certiorari 27 not, We affairs. should war without clear 563, 653, 179, that L.Ed. 49 S.Ct. 73 278 U.S. statutory rant in the language, attribute of serving a member the a enlistee as naval Congress permit an to intent to civilian permitted public not vessel was crew of a members the of crew of such a vessel to the gov- tо sue Vessels Act by the Public have an election denied enlisted members personal injuries in for received ernment the first of crew. The have their rights injuries duty, that were such line and of Employees Compensation under Fеderal the special provi- compensable only the under Act, rights the second their as men enlisted personnel. applicable naval law to sions of compensated for be service-connected to significant indication of We it to a took be injuries; first, second, no the more than the had, by that Congrеss of it the the intent right given have been the to elect to sue (Clarifica- Shipping Administration War government accept the rather than to such 24, 1943, 45, 50 57 Stat. tion) of March Act compensation. seq., given 1291 to U.S.C.A.Appendix et § Affirmed. employed the by officers and crew members to Shipping right Administration a sue War FRANK, Judge (dissenting). Circuit injury, for or United States death but the compensation agree the benefits I with reasoning of the denied them of v. Johnson States, еmployees. Cir., Similarly, States United 4 186 United in 120. Ac- as F.2d Cir., 535, cordingly, 2 177 F.2d I think United libellant an States, Feres had v. election. 135, 153, government, 71 The oral 340 U.S. S.Ct. we at argument, agreed affirmed employee compen- superiors an entitled to that libellant’s that led him to believe held remedy of the armed that his sole member forces was under as was the sаtion a Com- think, by right pensation Act. maintaining therefore, from that I precluded that he government actually the under never exercised the Tort against his election. suit

Case Details

Case Name: Johansen v. United States
Court Name: Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Date Published: Jul 30, 1951
Citation: 191 F.2d 162
Docket Number: 275, Docket 22012
Court Abbreviation: 2d Cir.
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