104 Tenn. 658 | Tenn. | 1900
This is a controversy requiring the construction of the will of the late Mrs. Dannie G. Jobe, which is . in these words:
“I, Eanni© G. Jobe, . . . make .this my last will. ... I give . . . and bequeath my estate, real and personal estate, as follows": that is to say, all of the real estate that I may be possessed of at my death, ... in trust to my son, Samuel I. Jobe, for his use and benefit, and emoluments arising therefrom, after paying taxes and necessary repairs, withholding from him, my son, . . . power to sell and convey . . . except at the option of the trustee hereinafter ap- ■ pointed, the said trustee to have the power to grant and sell when, in his judgment, he deems it necessary and advisable, and in such event the conveyance to be . a joint act between the said ’ trustee and my son, . . . and I now herein appoint my cousin, J. E. Dillard, trustee. It is my wish, . . . and I herein instruct the said trustee, should my son . . . die without issue, then all of said real estate so remaining in trust shall by him be sold and divided between all of said parties above mentioned, equally.”
The controversy ' is, as to the right to control this real estate, collect the rents arising therefrom,
The record shows that the beneficiary of this will has been unfortunate, dissolute, and improvident. He had during widowhood of testatrix, covering a period of fifteen or more years, given his mothe1' much concern. Dor many years before her death he had been practically out of employment. He was in bad health and a married man. In making this will it is apparent upon its face that these conditions were present to her mind, and that her purpose was to provide for her son, and yet place the provision beyond misfortune or imprudence. And in this will she sought to create a trust, and tire question is, Did she do so?
As will be readily seen, tire will is very in-artificial; it was drawn by an inexpert draughtsman, and one who no doubt knew the desire of the testatrix, and sought to express it, but did so in a most unskillful way. But “ in the construction of wills the most unbounded indulgence has been shown to the ignorance, unskillfulness, and negligence of testators; no degree of technical informality or of grammatical or orthographical error, nor the most perplexing confusion in the colloca-cation of words or sentences, will deter the judicial expositor from diligently venturing on the task of eliciting from the contents of the instrument the intention of the author, the faintest trace of
These rules are admirably condensed in Mr. Pritchard’s excellent work on Wills and Administrations, Sec. 395, as follows: “Where a strict adherence to grammatical construction would frustrate the intention of the testator, or where the words are so unintelligible or absurd that they have no place in, and can give no effect to>, the testator’s manifest legal intention, and there cannot be a rational construction of the words as they stand, the Courts may, in order to effectuate the testator’s intention, transpose, reject, or supply words.” In support of his text, and as applying one or more of the rules of construction, the 'author cites Reid v. Hancock, 10 Hum., 368; Williams v. Williams 30 Yer., 20; Simpson v. Smith, 1 Sneed, 394; Gourley v. Thompson, 2
These rules are adopted by the Courts with the view of making effectual the intention of the testator’;- for in the construction of wills this intention rules, and, when ascertained, will control the technical terms used. Jourolmon v. Massengill, 86 Tenn., 82.
Bearing these rules in mind, an effort will be made to see whether the intention to create a trust for her son has been accomplished by the testatrix, or has failed by reason of the want of art in drafting this instrument.
As has been already said, her evident purpose was to create a trust, and also to make a trustee. She does both in terms. As to the- trustee, the design .of the testatrix was to place the legal title of her real property in him; for she provides that, as to any part of it remaining undisposed of at the death of her son, without issué, this 'trustee shall sell it for division among the parties named in other parts- of her will. This intention to vest the title is most- apparent from this clause, just referred ,to, as follows: -“Said real estate so remaining ini trust shall by him be sold.” “Remaining in trust” — where and with whom? Certainly not in the son, because this clause comes into operation only on his death without issue.
• In • addition, while endeavoring to ' create this trust for her son, the will, if. read as is insisted it should be by his counsel, makes him the trustee for himself. “I give,” etc., “to my' son,” etc., “for his use and benefit,” etc., “emoluments arising therefrom, after paying taxes and necessary repairs,” etc. Did the testatrix intend to confide this trust for himself to him for execution? We think not.. Was it her purpose to devise to this unfortunate son the rents and profits of this estate for life (Davis v. Williams, 85 Tenn., 646), and leave it to him at his pleasure to look after taxes, etc. ? ' The whole rents and profits were not given to him; it was only the residuum, after “ paying taxes,” etc., that was given for his use and benefit.
We think this will can be read so as to accomplish what seems to us the manifest intention
The Chancellor’s decree adopting a different construction is reversed and the bill is dismissed. The cost of the cause will be paid by the trustee out of the trust funds coming, to his hands.