186 Va. 191 | Va. | 1947
delivered the opinion of the court.
Mary M. Johnson, as administratrix of William Dempsey Johnson, instituted this action against Paul H. Jenkins for the wrongful death of decedent. From an adverse judgment of $3,000 entered on the verdict, Paul H. Jenkins obtained this writ of error.
The decisive question is whether the evidence is sufficient to sustain the verdict.
The facts are undisputed. William Dempsey Johnson and his wife operated a filling station about five miles west of Suffolk on Route 58, which is an east and west route. The filling station is on the south side of the highway and their residence is opposite it on the other side. The hard surface of the highway is 33 feet wide and divided by white lines into three traffic lanes each 11 feet wide. There are wide dirt shoulders on each side. Shortly after 6:00 P. M. on January 4, 1945, defendant was proceeding west on this route. Decedent was observed standing on the south side of the highway in front of the filling station. As soon as two motor vehicles traveling east passed him, he started across
The highway was level and straight for approximately one quarter of a mile east and west of the point of impact. After the motor vehicles traveling east had passed, there was nothing to prevent either defendant or decedent from seeing the other. If defendant was negligent in failing to see decedent, decedent was equally negligent in failing to see defendant’s car. If it be conceded that the defendant was negligent in failing to see decedent in time to have avoided the accident, then it must be conceded that if decedent had stopped walking at any point within four feet of the northern edge of the hard surface, he would have saved 'himself from the collision. No question of who had the right of way is involved.
When an automobile driver, who is otherwise free from negligence, sees an adult pedestrian in a place of safety on or near the highway, he has a right to presume that such pedestrian will exercise ordinary care to protect himself from injury. In order for plaintiff to invoke the doctrine of the last clear chance, he must introduce evidence which shows that defendant had sufficient time and opportunity, after he discovered, or should have discovered, plaintiff’s danger from his own negligence, to avoid the injury.
Mr. Justice Gregory, in Hutcheson v. Misenheimer, 169 Va. 511, 517, 194 S. E. 665, said: “This doctrine presupposes time for effective action. It is not applicable where the emergency is so sudden that there is no time in which to avoid the accident. Unless there is an appreciable difference in time between the earlier negligence of the plaintiff and the later negligence of the defendant and a last clear chance to avoid the accident afforded the defendant which he fails to avail himself of, the doctrine does not apply.
“The plaintiff is not entitled to recover under the doctrine upon mere peradventure. The burden is upon him to show affirmatively by a preponderance of the evidence that by the use of ordinary care after the peril was discovered the defendant in fact had a last clear chance to avoid the injury. A mere possibility is not sufficient.” See, also, Paytes v. Davis, 156 Va. 229, 157 S. E. 557; Bailey v. Fore, 163 Va. 611, 177 S. E. 100; Frazier v. Stout, 165 Va. 68, 181 S. E. 377; Willard Stores v. Cornnell, 181 Va. 143, 23 S. E. (2d) 761.
Both defendant and decedent had equal opportunity to see each other and to avoid the collision. Neither exercised proper care. Decedent’s negligence was a contributing cause of his injuries.
The judgment of the trial court is reversed, the verdict of the jury set aside and final judgment for defendant will be entered here.
Reversed and final judgment.