After a jury trial, William Ingram was convicted of two counts of felony obstruction of an officer and one count of interference with government property. Following the denial of his amended motion for new trial, Ingram appeals, asserting that the trial court erred in failing to charge the jury on misdemeanor obstruction as a lesser included offense of the felony obstruction counts, and that his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to request the same charge in writing. We find no error and therefore affirm.
The State presented evidence showing that Ingram appeared to be asleep on the floor of his holding cell in the county jail when Deputy Cash placed another individual into the cell with him. Immediately after returning to the control area of the jail, Deputy Cash heard water running and returned to Ingram’s cell, where he observed Ingram clogging the toilet and making it overflow. When Deputy Cash and another deputy approached the cell, Ingram starting throwing his shoe into the light fixture and ceiling tiles above his head.
After several other officers arrived to help, Deputy Cash instructed Ingram to halt, turn around, and put his hands on the wall. Ingram complied, the other cell occupants were removed, and Ingram was placed in handcuffs with his hands behind his back. Ingram refused to cooperate with the officers’ attempts to place him in a different holding cell. When the officers tried to forcibly place him in the cell, Ingram kicked Deputy Cash in the shin and another deputy in the groin. The officers then subdued Ingram by using a Taser before placing him in the cell.
Based upon this conduct, the State charged Ingram with four felony counts of obstruction of an officer (OCGA § 16-10-24) and interference with government property (OCGA § 16-7-24). The State later agreed to nolle prosequi two of the obstruction counts. Defense counsel did not request a charge on the lesser included offense of misdemeanor obstruction of an officer in writing before trial or orally during the charge conference held after all of the evidence had been presented. In the motion for new trial hearing, defense counsel testified that he made a strategic decision not to request such a charge, adopting “an all or nothing approach” to the trial. Defense counsel explained
1. Ingram contends that the trial court erred by failing to charge the jury sua sponte on a lesser included offense — misdemeanor obstruction of an officer. “Absent a written request for a charge on a lesser included offense, made at or before the close of the evidence, the failure to so charge is not error.” (Citations, punctuation and footnote omitted.) Smith v. State,
For these reasons, the trial court did not err by failing to charge the jury on the lesser included offense of misdemeanor obstruction of an officer.
2. In his remaining enumeration of error, Ingram contends that he received ineffective assistance because his trial counsel failed to request a charge on the lesser included offense of misdemeanor obstruction. In order to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must demonstrate the following:
First, the defendant must show that counsel’s performance was deficient. This requires showing that counsel made errors so serious that counsel was not functioning as the “counsel” guaranteed the defendant by the Sixth Amendment. Second, the defendant must show that the deficient performance prejudiced the defense.
(Citation and punctuation omitted.) Miller v. State,
In this case, Ingram cannot meet his burden of proving deficient performance by his trial counsel. “Decisions as to which charges will be requested generally fall within the realm of trial tactics and strategy.” (Citation, punctuation and footnote omitted.) Cruz v. State,
Judgment affirmed.