31 N.J.L. 72 | N.J. | 1864
This court is asked for its advisory opinion on the question whether, when public officers have proceeded under statutory authority to condemn lands for public uses, and an appraisement of the value of the lands and damages has been made, such proceedings can be discontinued against the assent of the land owners ?
It has been repeatedly held in the English courts that the mere giving of the notice to treat for the purchase of lands authorized to be taken under the railway act, constitutes a contract on the part of the company from which they cannot withdraw. In the case of The Queen v. Birmingham and Oxford Junction Railway, 6 Railw. C. 628, the court say — “ The notice to treat is an inchoate purchase, and after that has been given in due time, it is competent for the land owner to compel the completion of the purchase.” This judgment was affirmed in the Exchequer Chamber, 4 Eng. L. & E. 276. And in Walker v. Eastern Counties Railway Company, 6 Hare 594, on a bill for specific performance, the complainant having received a notice from the company that they intended, in the exercise of the powers given them by the railway act, to purchase his lands, the Vice Chancellor maintained that the notice had the effect of making a contract between the parties which was entitled to the protection of a court of equity, and accordingly ordered the company to take the proceedings prescribed by the statute for ascertaining the amount of purchase money and compensation.
But the foregoing decisions cited from the English books are not, in all respects, applicable to the case before this court. They establish the rule of the English law with regard to proceedings to acquire title to lands by private corporations. It is not necessary at the present time, for this court to express any opinion whether a notice by a railroad company or other private corporation „ to the land owner, of an intention to take the lands by force of their statutory powers, creates a contract and places the parties in the relation of vendor and purchaser.
The actors in the proceedings to acquire the lands now in
The question, then arises, if the notice does not form the contract, what act is necessary to the consummation of the proceedings so as to render it obligatory. In my opinion that act is the confirmation of the report by the court. It is, then, by the express terms of the act, that the land owner has the right to the money to be paid in a definite time, and on the payment of the money title passes to the city. It is this confirmation which appears definitively to establish the rights of both parties; and until this event, the public officers can withdraw their application and abandon the proceedings.
The courts of New York have expressed a similar view on the question. Thus, on an application to the Supreme Court of that state for a mandamus to compel the trustees of Brooklyn to file a report of commissioners of estimate and assessment of damages, made in the proceedings commenced by them in the opening of a street, the motion was denied, on the ground that the rights of the respective parties had not become fixed. A confirmation by the court of the estimate and assessment was requisite under the act regulating the procedure, and the refusal of the mandamus was justified from this consideration. 1 Wend. 318. In construing a statute containing a provision almost identical with the one now before the court, Chancellor Kent thus expresses himself,— “Perhaps the better opinion is that the corporation are not bound to go on, but may recede and abandon their plan at any time before the commissioners of assessment shall have reported, and their report shall have been confirmed in pursuance of the 178th section of the act referred to in the bill.
On these grounds, therefore, this court is of opinion that the commissioners in the present case should bo permitted by the Circuit Court to discontinue their proceedings in question — but that such discontinuance should be upon such terms as to the payment of the costs and expenses of the land owners as the said Circuit Court may deem just.
Cited in Loweree v. City of Newark, 9 Vroom 156.
Approved in Mabon v. Halstead, Director, 10 Vroom 643; O’Neil v. Freeholders of Hudson, 12 Vroom 172.