No. 78-4-285, CA 14354 | Or. Ct. App. | Mar 24, 1980
Lead Opinion
In this dissolution of marriage case, the husband has appealed from those parts of the trial court’s decree awarding the wife permanent spousal support in the amount of $400 per month and one-half of the cash balance accrued under the husband’s account with the Public Employes’ Retirement System (PERS). We modify the decree.
This was a 32-year marriage. At the time the decree was entered the husband was 56 and the was 53 years of age. The four children bom of the marriage are all emancipated.
The husband has been employed as an elementary school teacher for thirty years. To supplement his annual salary he has been coaching three sports. He is also regularly employed during a part of the year at two different nonacademic jobs. His total annual gross income is approximately $25,000. The husband’s health is good. There was no testimony as to the husband’s monthly living expenses.
The wife worked off and on during the marriage. She worked at jobs which did not require special training, including two and one-half years as a hostess-cashier and seven years as a clerk in a trading stamp redemption store. At the time of trial she was arranging evening meals at the Marylhurst Educational Center. She was working 24 hours per week at the rate of $3.35 per hour, amounting to a gross pay of $334 per month. Her living expenses are in the range of $560 to $690 per month. The wife has some health problems.
The chief asset of the parties was their residence. Prior to trial they had sold it and were holding a net of approximately $45,500. The trial court divided the assets of the parties, including the sale price of the house, approximately 50-50. The wife’s share of the property award was $42,256. She was awarded attorney fees in the amount of $800.
The trial judge in a letter opinion said:
"Permanent spousal support is awarded on the basis of 26 years of marriage prior to separation of the parties and six years since the separation. Respondent bore four sons and spent most of their married life caring for her husband and the four sons. Respondent has no outside job experience or training and although it is imperative that she now earn some additional income on her own, her age and health are factors which will prevent her from earning any substantial income on her own.”
*539 "The right of a person to a pension, an annuity or retirement allowance * * * under the provisions of ORS 237.001 to 237.315 * * * shall not be subject to execution, garnishment, attachment or any other process or to the operation of any bankruptcy or insolvency law heretofore or hereafter existing or enacted * * * and shall be unassignable.”1
The state treasurer, who is the custodian
To award the wife a judgment against the husband for the sum of $9,750 without reference to the retirement fund is not justified.
When the husband retires he may elect to receive a monthly pension or cash lump sum settlement. In either event the husband will need money received from PERS to help him pay the permanent spousal support to the wife. To allow the wife permanent support beyond the husband’s retirement date would not be justified except for the vested funds in PERS. To award the wife both a judgment equal to one-half of the cash balance accrued in PERS and permanent spousal support would in effect allow the wife a double benefit from the same financial fund. Roth and Roth, 31 Or App 65, 569 P2d 693 (1977).
The decree of the trial court is modified to delete the following provision:
*540 "8. Respondent is awarded one half of Petitioner’s accrued retirement benefits as of March 7, 1979 in the Public Employees Retirement System.”
Affirmed as modified. No costs to either party.
Chapter 85, Oregon Laws 1979, amended ORS 237.201 to except " * * * execution, garnishment or other process upon a support obligation or an order entered pursuant to ORS 23.777 to 23.783 * * * .”
ORS 237.271(4).
We do not intend to imply that the result would be different if the state treasurer was a party.
Concurrence Opinion
specially concurring.
While agreeing with the result and most of the language in the majority opinion, I cannot agree with that portion which states that ORS 237.201 prohibits the trial court from requiring husband to assign a one-half interest in his retirement fund to his wife. ORS 237.201, as it existed at all times material here, provided as follows:
"The right of a person to a pension, an annuity or a retirement allowance, to the return of contribution, the pension, annuity or retirement allowance itself, any optional benefit or death benefit, or any other right accrued or accruing to any person under the provisions of ORS 237.001 to 237.315, and the money in the various funds created by ORS 237.271 and 237.281, shall be exempt from all state, county and municipal taxes heretofore or hereafter imposed, except as provided under ORS chapter 118, shall not be subject to execution, garnishment, attachment or any other process or to the operation of any bankruptcy or insolvency law heretofore or hereafter existing or enacted, and shall be unassignable.”
The general rule concerning statutory provisions such as ORS 237.201 is stated in 24 Am Jur 2d, Divorce and Separation 753-54, § 632 (1966), as follows:
"A pension received by the husband may be considered as a resource in determining the amount of permanent alimony to be awarded, whether the pension is received from the government or from some other source. Although frequently the contention has been made that the amount of pension received by a husband may not be taken into consideration as a resource in determining the amount of alimony, on the ground that the particular pension is exempt*541 from claims of creditors, or from legal process, the courts have uniformly held that such pensions may be taken into account despite their exempt character, upon the various grounds that exemption laws were not designed to protect pensions from claims in the nature of alimony, that the protection is at an end when the husband has received the pension, or that the pension may be taken into account as a resource of the husband, in any event, even if the particular exemption law is considered to be applicable with respect to the enforcement of alimony awards. Indeed, in several cases alimony has been allowed where the only income of the husband was a pension. The fact that the husband is likely to be retired on pension has also been taken into consideration in fixing the amount of alimony to be awarded to the wife.” (Footnotes omitted.)
While the above rule is stated in terms of alimony payments, I believe that under ORS lOT.lOSdXe),
ORS 107.105(l)(e) provides:
"(1) Whenever the court grants a decree of annulment or dissolution of marriage or of separation, it has power further to decree as follows:
« * * *
"For the division or other disposition between the parties of the real or personal property, or both, of either or both of the parties as may be just and proper in all the circumstances. The court shall view the contribution of a spouse as a homemaker in the contribution of marital assets. There is a rebuttable presumption that both spouses have contributed equally to the acquisition of property during the marriage. The court shall require full disclosure of all assets by the parties in arriving at a just property division.
It ‡ ‡ ‡ ))
Concurrence Opinion
specially concurring.
I concur in the majority opinion except that portion dealing with the application of ORS 237.201. Because I agree that the decree should not require payments to the wife and also give to her the husband’s source for making those payments, the provision regarding the retirement account should be stricken. For that reason, I see no need to reach the statutory issue.