63 N.J.L. 168 | N.J. | 1898
The opinion of the court was delivered by
The organic law of the A. A. Griffing Iron Company subjected that corporation to the control of the legislature. Sections 14, 35. Therefore, we are now to look to the revision of 1896 of the Corporation act for its regulation. Section 1 of that statute enacts that every corporation shall have power to make by-laws fixing and altering the number of directors and providing for the management of its property and the regulation and government of its affairs. Section 2 enacts that the power to make and alter by-laws shall be in the stockholders. It is clear, therefore, that the amendment of November 23d, 1898, increasing the number of directors was legal. That the stockholders had delegated to the directors power to amend the by-laws did not curtail their own power to amend them, and of course the later statute removed all possible restriction on such power. The protest read at the stockholders’ meeting was, therefore, unavailing in this regard. Insufficiency of notice was alleged, but no defect was pointed out or has been proved. ■ As every share of stock was represented and voted on at the meeting, no irregularity should be .considered.
It is argued that the increase of directors should not be held to have had immediate effect; that, under the provisions of section 12 of the statute, directors must be chosen for at least a year and the argument is not only that the individual directors, but that the board as constituted at the time of election, hold for a year, not subject to change in the composition of the board. It is not denied that, where the bylaws permit special meetings, there may be an alteration in the number of directors, at any such meeting, but it is claimed that such alteration becomes effectual only at the next annual election. We are referred to numerous decisions that, in the absence of fraud or abuse of trust, stockholders must submit to the control of a corporation by its directors during their term of office. These decisions all relate to collateral attack. They have no reference to direct action of the stockholders taken by legitimate and orderly methods. The right to take such action is inherent, though generally declared and directed by statute. Thomp. on Carp:, § 3972. It would be preposterous to leave the real owners of the corporate property at the mercy of - their agents, and the law has not done so. Our statute authorizes action by the stockholders under bylaws subject to alteration. Special meetings of the stockholders may be held under the by-laws, or, in case of necessity, under the statute. Sections 1, 2, 17, 46. If the bylaws so warrant directors may even be removed during their term. In Imperial Hydropathic Hotel Co. v. Hampson, 23 Ch. D. 1, it was held that without such warrant in the articles of association the directors of a joint stock company could not be removed except for cause; but Sir George Jessel,- the learned Master of the Rolls, said that under a clause in the articles of association, authorizing amendments, it was competent for the stockholders to pass a clause enabling them to remove the directors and then act upon it. From the time of the adoption of the amendments, therefore, the stockholders were entitled to. have nine directors in the board.
The attempt of the directors in May, 1898, to fix a term of one year for the president and treasurer was certainly ineffectual to create any franchise. It was probably ineffectual as a contract, but, if not, the remedy for a breach is by an action for damages.
The application to set aside these elections is denied, with costs.