In re Shephard

3 F. 12 | U.S. Circuit Court for the District of Eastern New York | 1880

Benedict, D. J.

This is an application for an attachment against a witness to punish a contempt in refusing to bring certain “patterns” for a stove, in pursuance of the directions of a writ of subpcena duces tecum, issued out of this court and ■ duly served upon the witness. The writ was issued, as of course, from the clerk’s office, and without application to the court.

On the part of the witness the point is taken that the court has no power, by a writ of subpcena duces tecum, to compel a person to bring to court his property other than documentary evidence, and that the function of a subpoena duces tecum is confined to securing the production of documents and books.

The power to issue the writ of subpcena is derived from section 716, U. S. Rev. St., and must be found in the words “all writs which may be necessary for the exercise of their respective jurisdictions, and agreeable to the usages and principles of law.” Is a writ requiring a person not a party to the suit to attend the court and bring with him certain described patterns of the -castings of a stove, in that such patterns may be put in evidence, a writ agreeable to the usages and principles of law ? I have been referred to no case in which the authority to compel a person not a party to the suit to attend and bring with Mm property of this description for such a purpose has been declared or contended for; nor has it been shown that such a writ was ever before issued. Mr. Starkie speaks of the subpoena duces tecum as a writ wholly to compel the production of instruments and documents. 3 Stark. on Evid. 172. In Arny v. Long, 9 East. 473, where the power to issue a subpoena duces tecum wa.s called in question, the writ is spoken of as used to compel the production of “writlen testimony,” “written evidence,” “documents,” “papers belonging to them individually,” “books and papers,” “specified papers and instruments.” The writ now under consideration seems, therefore, to be a novelty, not agreeable to any usage of the law, and therefore not within the power conferred by the statute.

This conclusion is strengthened by reference to section 869, U. S. Rev. St., where provision is expressly made for a duces tecum to a witness to be examined upon a commission, in pursuance of section 868, and where the writ is expressly confined to the production of “any paper or writing, or written instrument, or book or other document.” Inasmuch as it is evident that sections 868 and 869 were intended to auth rizo the procuring by means of a commission, when necessary, any evidence tnat might be procured upon a trial in court, the limitation of these provisions to documentary evidence affords ground for the conclusion that the function of the writ of subpoena duces tecum is accurately described in section 869.

The provisions of the statute of this state, where the function of the writ of subpoena is limited to requiring the witness to bring with him “a book or paper,” may also be referred to as showing the usage of the law in this respect.

The motion is denied.