OPINION AND ORDER
This matter comes before the Committee on Grievances for the Southern District of New York (the “Committee”) to consider the imposition of discipline against respondent Kristan Peters based upon the proceedings (collectively, the “Wolters Kluwer proceedings”) before the Hon. Harold Baer, United States District Judge, Southern District of New York, described in Judge Baer’s opinions in
Wolters Kluwer Financial Services, Inc. v. Scivantage,
The Wolters Kluwer proceedings, involving alleged infringement of trade secrets and the like, began on March 21, 2007, with an application by Ms. Peters, then a partner at Dorsey
&
Whitney LLP (“Dorsey”), counsel for plaintiff, for a Temporary Restraining Order and emergency discovery.
Judge Baer conducted five days of hearings over a period of two months on the Sanctions Motion. Sixteen witnesses testified, and over one-hundred exhibits were received. Ms. Peters, who was represented at various times during the proceedings by Michael Ross, Esq., Pery Krinsky, Esq., Robert Katzberg, Esq., and Charles Stillman, Esq., testified at length: her testimony spans over 160 pages of the transcript. Ms. Peters also actively participated pro se during the proceedings, conducting voir dire, offering documents, making objections, and cross-examining witnesses.
See, e.g.,
Tr. 7/23/2007 at 58-80, 104-121, 123-125; Tr. 8/15/2007 at 49-108, 127-146, 149-151, 167-98; Tr. 9/4/2007 at 20-34, 53-71, 118-149, 168-174, and 238-80.
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Judge Baer also granted Ms. Peters’ requests, over
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defendants’ objections, to examine witnesses out-of-order and to call witnesses who were not on any witness list.
At the conclusion of the hearings, the Court issued a 109-page opinion imposing more than twenty-four separate reprimands or sanctions on Ms. Peters, grounded on 28 U.S.C. § 1927, the inherent powers of the Court, and Fed.R.Civ.P. 37 and 16(f). The legal standard for imposing such reprimands and sanctions is “clear and convincing evidence.”
See, e.g., Capital Bridge Co., Ltd. v. IVL Techs. Ltd.,
No. 04-CV-4002,
In his Amended Opinion and Order dated November 30, 2007, Judge Baer referred the matter to this Committee.
By Order dated December 10, 2007, the Committee designated Barbara S. Gillers, Esq., a member of the panel of attorneys appointed to advise and assist the Committee pursuant to Rule 1.5(a) of the Local Civil Rules of the Southern District of New York, to investigate the matter as necessary and prepare such statement of charges as the Committee deemed warranted. Thereafter, by Order To Show Cause dated January 30, 2008, the Committee directed Ms. Peters, pursuant to S.D.N.Y. Local Civil Rules 1.5(b)(5) and (d)(4), to show cause why the Court should not discipline her and, in the interim, suspend her temporarily from practicing before this Court. The Order alleged that Ms. Peters had violated the New York Code of Professional Responsibility, 22 NYCRR § 1200.1 et seq., by, inter alia: (i) engaging in conduct involving fraud, dishonesty, deceit or misrepresentation, in violation of DR 1-102(A)(4); (ii) knowingly making a false statement of fact or law, in violation of DR 7 — 102(A)(5); (iii) engaging in conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice, in violation of DR 1-102(A)(5); and, (iv) disregarding the ruling of a tribunal made in the course of a proceeding, in violation of DR 7-106(A). The bases for these violations were Ms. Peters’ misconduct in (1) instructing an associate in her firm to alter or amend documents for the purpose of preventing their discoverability and then attempting to mislead the Court as to these events; (2) participating in a conference with the Court to adjourn a TRO hearing and discuss future depositions at a time when the respondent knew that those depositions and the TRO hearing would not take place; and (3) copying transcripts and ordering additional copies of transcripts in intentional disregard of court orders, and then using the transcripts in an action in Massachusetts in violation of the Court’s Confidentiality Order. The Committee directed respondent to file a personal affidavit as to the facts and a memorandum of counsel as to the law within 20 days. However, respondent’s time to file papers was thereafter extended, at her request, to February 27, 2008.
On February 27, 2008, respondent, represented by Mark Mukasey, Esq., of Bracewell & Guiliani (now replaced by her *329 current counsel, Richard Maltz, Esq.), filed a 62-page declaration and a 36-page memo of law. These submissions disputed the aforementioned charges on the merits and also asserted that the proceedings before Judge Baer were improper, unfair, biased and lacking in due process. The papers also argued that, because these various contentions were or would be presented to the Second Circuit on Ms. Peters’ appeals from Judge Baer’s decisions, the Committee should defer making any final determinations until the appeals were completed. 3 Finally, respondent argued that any interim suspension would subject her to undue hardship.
The full Committee (consisting of Chief Judge Wood, Judges Castel, Haight, Keenan, Lynch, McMahon, Stanton, Magistrate Judge Freeman, and the undersigned as Chair) has now reviewed Ms. Peters’ lengthy submissions, as well as the record before Judge Baer. After careful deliberation, the Committee is unanimously of the view that Judge Baer’s findings are strongly supported by the record and that the proceedings afforded Ms. Peters ample due process.
The preliminary remedy of an interim suspension is available in such instances to protect the public from future disciplinary violations of the respondent during the pendency of proceedings before this Committee. Considering the nature and seriousness of the charges against Ms. Peters, the strength of the record supporting those charges, and the danger of recurrence as demonstrated by respondent’s lack of appreciation of the wrongfulness of her misconduct, the Committee concludes that an interim suspension of respondent from the practice of law before this Court pending final adjudication of the charges against her is warranted. In the exercise of its discretion, the Committee will defer the final adjudication of the charges against respondent pending before this Committee until her appeal of Judge Baer’s Amended Opinion and Order dated November 30, 2007 is decided.
The interim suspension of respondent would be warranted on the basis of Judge Baer’s findings alone. Such findings are commonly given preclusive effect in subsequent disciplinary proceedings. In particular, this is settled law in New York, whose disciplinary code (though not necessarily its law of collateral estoppel) is applied in the Southern District of New York.
See, e.g., In re Abady,
Moreover, even if collateral estoppel were inapplicable here, this Committee routinely accords substantial deference to the factual findings of the court that heard the evidence, for much the same reasons that an appellate court gives such deference, i.e., that the court that hears the evidence is in the best position to assess credibility.
See, e.g., United States v. Carlton,
But even if all this were disregarded, the record before us amply demonstrates that at least some of the charges against Ms. Peters are so strongly supported as to warrant interim suspension on any analysis. Consider the following facts, which are (except where otherwise noted) substantially undisputed:
As noted, on Friday, April 13, 2007, the plaintiff, counseled by Ms. Peters, voluntarily dismissed the Wolters Kluwer action in the Southern District of New York pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(a)(1)(ii) and filed a new action in the United States District Court for Massachusetts,
Wolters Kluwer Financial Services Inc. v. Scivantage,
No. 07-cv-10729,
It was against this background that Ms. Peters gave the direction to a young associate that constitutes one of the charges against her. The lawyer in question, Jordan Brackett, was a first year associate at Dorsey working on the matter with Ms. Peters. When Mr. Brackett learned of the Court’s April 24th email, he “immediately reviewed the transcripts in his office and realized that several of the transcripts he previously thought were ‘work product’ were in fact unmarked” and therefore should be delivered to the Court.
The next day, on April 26th, Ms. Peters and Dorsey partner Jonathan Herman “discussed the issue of returning transcripts to the Court, and that some of [the] transcripts may have been work product.” Id. at 521. Mr. Herman, and others at Dorsey, directed Ms. Peters to comply with the Court’s order by delivering all of the transcripts to the Court. Id.; see also id. n. 275. Ms. Peters challenged this direction. Mr. Herman told Ms. Peters to contact Dorsey’s ethics specialist Bill Wernz or Dorsey’s chief administrative partner Tom Tinkham. Ms. Peters did contact Tinkham and he told Herman that he gave Ms. Peters the same advice, i.e., to return the transcripts to the court. Id. n. 275; see also, Tr. 9/12/2007 at 346:11-17, 347:15-18.
Ms. Peters then asked Mr. Brackett to return to her office so they could review the transcripts he had had delivered to her.
I first showed [Ms. Peters] the transcripts that had some type of marking and which I thought were likely attorney work product. I then showed her the other transcripts and flipped through them to demonstrate that they had no markings. Ms. Peters then instructed me to write on the unmarked transcripts so that they would be considered attorney work product, and so that we would not have to return them to the Court. To the best of my recollection, Ms. Peters said something to the effect of ‘scribble all over them.’ Ms. Peters then told me that she would leave her office so that I could write all over the transcripts without her being present. To the best of my recollection, she said that she would leave for a few minutes — either to powder her nose or to get something to drink. Ms. Peters then left the office. I was shocked by Ms. Peters’ statement, but I understood that Ms. Peters was instructing me to do what she said and that she was not joking.
Brackett Decl. at ¶¶ 28-31
4
;
see also,
Mr. Brackett promptly reported the incident to Dorsey management, who conducted an inquiry the same day. Richard Silberberg (a member of Dorsey’s management committee and chair of its advocacy practice), Zachary Carter (head of Dorsey’s trial group for the New York office),
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and Robert Dwyer (the head of the firm’s New York office) interviewed Mr. Brackett and Ms. Peters separately. During his interview, Mr. Brackett said that “he had had a conversation with Ms. Peters [earlier that day] in which he believed that she had communicated to him a direction to alter transcripts to make them appear that they were work product privilege.” Tr. 9/11/2007 at 58:4-14. At the close of the meeting, Mr. Silberberg told Ms. Peters “that what she said to Mr. Brackett, even if one were to assume it was a joke, was highly improper and unacceptable.” Tr. 9/4/2007 at 95:5-7. As the district court noted, “[a] subsequent Dorsey internal investigation into various allegations by Ms. Peters concluded that ‘it appears beyond question that Mr. Brackett actually believed Ms. Peters suggested to him that he mark up the transcripts so that they appeared to be work product and would not have to be returned to the court. It is indisputable that such a suggestion made by a partner to an associate is alarming and unethical.’ ”
Testifying before the district court, Ms. Peters did not deny that such a conversation took place but referred to the situation as a “joke” and said that she “recalled saying to Brackett, ‘Well hell, if Zach [Carter] said it’s work product, let’s make it work product.’ ”
Ms. Peters has also claimed that she was denied due process because (i) she only learned that the Brackett “allegation would be a subject of the hearing few days [sic] before he testified” (Peters Memo, at 17-18, citing Peters Decl. at ¶ 89) and (ii) that she “was only provided with fifteen minutes to cross-examine Mr. Brackett.” Peters Memo at 18. Our review of the record, however, convinces us that Ms. Peters and her counsel had ample opportunity to challenge Mr. Brackett’s version of these events.
Ms. Peters’ cross-examination of Mr. Bracket spans 19 pages of the transcript.
See
Tr. 9/12/2007 at 399-418. One of Ms. Peters’ lawyers, Michael Ross, was in the courtroom throughout. With regard to the length of time permitted for the cross-examination, the district court noted, “Regarding Brackett’s recounting of this incident, at the hearing, Brackett’s counsel on direct simply confirmed that Brackett’s Declaration was true and accurate, thus providing Ms. Peters with additional time to cross-examine Brackett on any issues.” Tr. 9/12/2007 at 399:1-12. Ms. Peters “chose not to directly cross-examine Brackett about the incident of Thursday, April 26th.”
Independently of the above, we also, as noted, accord substantial weight to Judge Baer’s own credibility findings on this issue. At the close of Mr. Brackett’s testimony, the following colloquy took place:
Court: There was a lot of conversation about whether that was said in *333 jest. What is your view about whether she was saying it in jest?
[Mr. Brackett]: It was absolutely not in jest.
(Tr. 9/12/2007 at 419:2-5).
On this record Judge Baer concluded that respondent falsely stated that she was “ ‘joking’ ” when she “ordered a junior associate to alter transcripts that had been ordered returned to the Court by ‘scribbling all over them’ so that the transcripts might be considered ‘work product’ and thus arguably not returnable” to the Court.
From the evidence, it is clear that Ms. Peters ordered a junior associate to alter transcripts that had been ordered returned to this Court by ‘scribbling all over them,’ so that the transcripts might be considered ‘work product’ and thus arguably not returnable. Nonetheless, Ms. Peters, after her direction to the associate concocted a post hac explanation that she was ‘joking’ when she gave that order. The evidence supports the clear finding that she was not. That representation was false. More to the point, Ms. Peters’ order to an associate to alter evidence that a Court ordered returned is disturbing to say the least. It evinces a blatant disregard for court orders, and a willingness to take any action necessary towards the desired end, including ordering subordinates to commit misdeeds that, apparently, she felt uncomfortable committing herself.
As to the breach of the confidentiality order, on April 12, 2007 Judge Baer, noting that “[pjrotective orders that limit access to certain documents to counsel and experts only are commonly entered in litigation involving trade secrets,” entered a “Confidentiality Stipulation and Protective Order” (the “Confidentiality Order”). It provided,
“inter alia,
as noted at length in [the Court’s] Opinion of May 23, 2007, that protected materials shall not be used in ‘any other litigation proceeding.’
See generally Wolters Kluwer Fin. Servs. v. Scivantage,
Materials protected by the Confidentiality Order included “any copies, abstracts, summaries, or information derived from” discovery materials. CO at ¶ 2(h). The terms on use are crystal clear. The Confidentiality Order says several times that protected material shall not be used in any litigation other than the captioned proceeding. See, e.g., CO at ¶ 7(a) (Protected Material “shall be used only for the purpose of the prosecution or defense of this action ... [and] shall not be used ... in any other litigation proceeding”); CO at ¶ 4(b) (Protected Materials “shall be used solely for purposes of the prosecution and defense of the above-entitled litigation. ...”); CO at ¶ 4(c) (Protected Materials “shall be used solely for purposes of the prosecution and defense of the above-entitled litigation....”)
The Confidentiality Order provided a mechanism for challenging the designation of materials as confidential. See CO at ¶ 8. It also provided that “[t]he obligations created by [the] Order shall survive the termination of this lawsuit unless otherwise modified by the respective Court in each action” CO at ¶ 13. 5
Ms. Peters does not deny that she used materials protected by the Confidentiality *334 Order in the Massachusetts action. As she says in the Peters Decl. at ¶ 37: “In connection with the Motion for Preservation of Evidence filed in Massachusetts, we filed as an exhibit a Reply Brief that had, as an exhibit, excerpts of transcript pages.... ” See also 9/12 Tr. 366:4-7 (Ms. Peters “attached a copy of the reply papers from a form motion to the Massachusetts filing and that that set of reply papers had excerpts from the transcripts”); Peters Memo, at 7, 9-11.
Ms. Peters argues, however, that her use of the transcripts in the Massachusetts litigation was proper because Judge Baer had permitted the parties “to keep” such excerpts. Peters Decl. ¶ 37. Peters Memo, at 9-10. This is, frankly, preposterous on its face.
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She argues further that her “good faith” is demonstrated by her request that an associate research whether the Massachusetts litigation was the same litigation within the meaning of the Confidentiality Order.
See
Peters Memo, at 10. But this can hardly be considered evidence of genuine good faith when the Confidentiality Order itself provided a mechanism for seeking guidance from the Court on its scope.
See
Confidentiality Order at ¶¶ 9, 10, 13. Ms. Peters’ good faith claim is further belied by the fact that her own client did not agree with her use of the transcripts in the Massachusetts action.
See
In reprimanding Ms. Peters for the use of transcripts in the Massachusetts action, Judge Baer wrote:
Ms. Peters used the transcripts [in the Massachusetts action] in a bad-faith effort for the improper purpose of gaining advantage (and expedient relief) in a new court after she had ‘judge-shopped,’ and after she had gained extensive discovery without providing any discovery of her own, and in an effort to have that Court eviscerate the Confidentiality Order that this Court had entered to govern discovery produced in this litigation (which remained in force after this litigation).
We agree.
New York DR l-102(a)(5) prohibits conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice. Disciplinary Rule 1-102(A)(4) prohibits a lawyer from engaging in conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation. DR 7-106(A) declares that “[a] lawyer shall not disregard or advise the client to disregard a ... ruling of a tribunal made in the course of a proceeding.” Offering guidance on DR 7-106(A), New York Ethical Consideration (“EC”) 7-22 provides that “[rjespect for judicial rulings is essential to the proper administration of justice.” EC 7-25 states further that:
Rules of evidence and procedure are designed to lead to just decisions and are part of the framework of the law. Thus while a lawyer may take steps in good faith and within the framework of the law to test the validity of rules, the lawyer is not justified in consciously violating such rules and should be diligent in his or her efforts to guard against unintentional violation of them.
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Ms. Peters clearly violated at least these three disciplinary rules.
See, e.g., In re Hausch,
Accordingly, for the reasons set forth above, respondent is hereby suspended from practicing in the Southern District of New York pending the outcome of these proceedings and until further order of this Court.
SO ORDERED.
Notes
. "Tr.” refers to the transcript of the hearings on the Sanctions Motion.
. While Judge Baer also referred the matter to the State disciplinary authorities, those authorities subsequently informed this Committee that, in order to conserve resources and avoid parallel investigations, they would await this Committee’s actions before taking up the matter.
. Ms. Peters has taken appeals from Wolters II and III. The Second Circuit has consolidated those appeals and has already extended the briefing schedule twice. By scheduling order dated January 18, 2008, her brief was originally to be filed on or before February 22, 2008. By order dated February 4, 2008, reciting that "appellants [had] requested a modification of the scheduling order,” the Second Circuit extended the filing deadline to April 4, 2008. By further order dated March 20, 2008, the Second Circuit (i) granted Mr. Mu-kasey's motion for leave to withdraw as counsel on the appeal (where he had also represented Ms. Peters); (ii) gave Ms. Peters 30 days to appear pro se or have new counsel file a notice of appearance; and, (iii) extended the filing deadline to May 5, 2008.
. In accordance with Judge Baer's practice, Mr. Brackett's direct testimony was presented in the form of a sworn Declaration, dated September 9, 2007. He was cross-examined at the Sanctions Motion hearing on September 11, 2007.
. The scope of the Confidentiality Order is also discussed in Wolters Kluwer II.
. Ms. Peters' convoluted explanation to the district court is described at
