Hudson v. Shoulders
45 S.W.2d 1072
Tenn.
1932
Check Treatment
Mr. Justice Chambliss

delivered the opinion of the Court.

The trial Judge sustained a demurrer invoking the '-one year statute of limitations to the declaration charging mаl-practiee. Hudson alleges employment of defendants and their negligent use of the X-ray, first in May, 1928, agаin in August, 1928, and at other later, dates, and that following the August treatment he discovered redness and inflammation of the skin, apparent injury; that he called defendants’ attention thereto, and that they, knowing otherwise, in the exercise of professional skill which plaintiff did not possess, falsely and fraudulently represented to him that no ill-effects or injurious results would follow the apparent burn, and thus concealed from him the truth that hе had been injured by their negligence, as he proved to be seriously and permanently, until after the running of the statutory period.

It is insisted, first, that fraudulent concealment of a cause or ground of action will suspеnd the running of the statute, and this general proposition is well settled. In the late case of Bodne v. Austin, 156 Tenn., 365, this *72 Court recognized this rule, but held that it had no application in the absence of an allegation that the cause of action was known to the defendant and fraudulently concealed by him. It was therein said that mere ignorance and failure of the plaintiff to discover the existence of the cause of actiоn within the statutory ‍​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍limitation would not prevent the running of the statute. Nothing in the opinion in that case, or in our othеr cases, extends the rule to a case where the plaintiff either knew, or neglectfully failed to discover his cause of action, that is, the infliction on him of actionable injury, within the statutory period.

Appellees here say that it appears from the declaration, (1) that plaintiff was advised of the аlleged negligent injury immediately upon its happening, and (2) that if he failed to discover its serious effect within the statutory limitation it was his own fault. If the facts as alleged sustain either of these premises plaintiff is barred undеr well settled rules.

“ A plaintiff cannot excuse his delay in instituting suit on the ground of fraudulent concealment of his сause of action, if his failure to .discover it is attributable to his own neglect.” Texas & Pac. Ry. Co. v. Gay, 86 Texas, at page 608.

We have in the case before us quite clearly an allegation of negligent actionable injury, and a charge that the actionable facts were fraudulently concealed. ‍​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍Does it appear that plaintiff was keрt in ignorance by the defendants, and that he could not by reasonable diligence have discovered the facts?

This issue is close on this record. He admits that he discovered that his skin was “burned and blistered.” This would seem to have put him on notice. But his claim *73 is that upon discovering this condition, the injurious effect or consеquences of which he as a lay patient did not know and could not be charged with knowledge of, he рromptly inquired of his physicians touching it, and was assured by them, despite their knowledge as professional men to the contrary, that this condition was in effect a mere incident of the treatment without serious or рermanent injurious effects, and that he was thus lulled into ignorant security and so kept until after the running of the statutе.

Learned counsel for appellees cite one case which is similar to the instant case on its facts in this ‍​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍regard, and in which a demurrer to the declaration invoking the statute of limitations was sustained. Orr v. Robb, 181 Iowa, 145. In thаt case plaintiff was burned by an X-ray, which was known at the time by plaintiff, and years later cancer developed as a result. The defendant told the plaintiff that the injury was temporary only. The Court appеars to have viewed this statement as an expression of opinion only, and holding that the cause of action arose upon the burning, and that plaintiff knew of the burning, adjudged that the action was commenced too late; that the statute began to run from the discovery of the injury, and not from the discovery of its ultimаte serious consequences. That case is to be distinguished'from this on the facts in that therein the burn or wound appears to have been more evidently injurious than appears from the allegations in the instаnt case; so that the plaintiff there was more clearly put on notice at the time of the aсtionable wrong that had been committed on him.

The line of cases cited for appellees, illustrated by Hahn v. Claybrook, 130 Md., 179, reported and annotated in L. R. A., 1917-C, 1169, go no further than to hold (1) *74 thаt the statute begins to run when the injury is originally inflicted by the negligent treatment of a physician, 'and (2) that the patiеnt ‍​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍is put upon notice so as to start /the running of the statute by evidences apparent following the trеatment of ill-effects; but neither in Hahn v. Claybrook, nor the authorities cited in that opinion, or annotated in the note fоllowing, have the courts dealt with a case in which the declaration definitely charged such a statе of facts as are presented on the record now before us.

Giving application to the rulе that demurrers are not favored, we are not of opinion that the plaintiff, on the facts here alleged, should be charged with negligence in failing to discover at the time, despite the positive assurаnces and representations of his trusted physicians, who are definitely charged with knowing misrepresentation of the facts, that he had suffered actionable injury.

It results that the judgment must be reversed ‍​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‍and the case remanded for further proceedings.