129 P. 11 | Okla. | 1912
The only question necessary for a determination of this case is: Did the district court of Noble county have jurisdiction, on motion, to vacate and set aside the judgment of the county court of Pawnee county? The judgment, a transcript of which was filed in the district court of the former county, upon its face *578 shows that personal service of summons was had upon each of the defendants, and that the county court had both jurisdiction of the subject-matter and of the several defendants. No complaint is made of the regularity of the transcript, or that it was properly filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of Noble county.
Counsel for defendants in error cites and relies upon section 1877, Wilson's Rev. Ann. St. 1903. This section of the statute, carried forward by the annotator, is paragraph 3 of an act regulating liens of judgments rendered in probate courts, found in the addenda to the Statutes of 1893, p. 1191. This statute in part provides that a judgment of a probate court, a transcript of which is filed in the office of the clerk of the district court in another county, shall be a judgment of the district court with like force and effect as if it had been rendered by the district court on the day that it was filed with the clerk of the latter court, and shall thereafter be enforced as a judgment of the district court, and that, after the filing of such abstract in the district court, no execution shall be issued from the probate court on such judgment. This act was passed by the Legislature March 7, 1893, and the purpose of its passage is explained in the introductory section at page 1187, where it is said:
"Towards the closing days of the last session of the Legislature the opinion prevailed that a new Code of Civil Procedure would not be adopted. An act was therefore passed 'to regulate appeals and writs of error,' also an act 'in relation to liens of judgment rendered in probate court.' Afterward an entire Code on 'Civil Procedure' was enacted. It specifically provides for appeals and writs of error; also, regulates liens in courts of record. The codifying committee have concluded to publish both acts in this addenda, together with the act providing additional officers for the Legislature — which latter act the Supreme Court held to be illegal and void."
However, the Code of Civil Procedure Act did pass at the same session of the Legislature, and afterwards became a law. By section 432 of the Civil Procedure Act, the subject of the creation of judgment liens, both in the county in which the judgment was rendered, and other counties, was provided for. This *579 latter section was afterwards amended. Sess. Laws 1905, pp. 320, 321. Section 1 of this act is section 5941, Comp. Laws 1909. A further provision covering the same subject, in part, is found in section 5 of article 3, c. 16, Sess. Laws 1907-08, which is section 540, Comp. Laws 1909.
It is therefore necessary to consider whether section 3 of the Act of March 7, 1893 (Addenda, p. 1191, St. Okla. 1893), has been superseded by one or either of the acts, attention to which has been called. We are of the opinion that the various provisions of the addenda were repealed by the subsequent adoption of the Code of Civil Procedure, and the amendments thereof, and statutes thereafter enacted. Spencer et al. v.Rippe,
In J. W. Ripey Son v. Art. Wall Paper Co.,
What authority, therefore, is given a district court of one county to set aside the judgment of a county court of another county? Section 6094, Comp. Laws 1909, provides that the district court shall have power to vacate or modify its own judgments or orders at or after the term at which said judgments or orders are made, upon the grounds and for the reasons therein set forth, or to which reference is made. But this is not a case of a court setting aside its own judgment, but, instead, one where a judgment of another court of competent, and in some respects concurrent, jurisdiction, is vacated and annulled without the institution of an action or suit, and upon a mere motion, and where the judgment was regular upon its face; thus permitting the judgment debtor to collaterally attack the judgment of another court. The filing of the transcript of the judgment in the district court of Noble county had to do with the matter of the enforcement of the judgment. The judgment thereby became a judgment of the district court for such purpose, and such only as is clearly shown by the fact that the execution could only issue out of the court in which the judgment was rendered. Section 5941,supra. It was held by this court in Ray v. Harrison et al.,
In King v. Nimick et al.,
"A judgment that is transferred from one county to another, under the Act of 16th April, 1840, bears a very strong analogy to a testatum execution. It is transferred only to facilitate its enforcement, but with a right to all the writs of scirefacias that may be needed for that purpose. The primary judgment is still the principal one, and the court where that is can alone take any action operating on the judgment itself, in any other way than by satisfaction, in the proper sense of the term. The court, having the certified and secondary judgment, cannot inquire into its merits at all. And because it is a secondary judgment, it can stand only for its own costs, at the most, if the primary judgment be satisfied or set aside. And if the court having the primary judgment order it to be satisfied, or set aside, the further process on the secondary judgment is peremptorily to be arrested, except for its own costs, in a proper case. Among equal courts, that which has the primary control of a question has the absolute control, and it alone, or its superiors, can correct its errors."
The district court of Noble county had no appellate jurisdiction over, or supervisory control upon, or right to review, the judgment rendered in the county court of Pawnee county. The effect, however, of its judgment, was to review said county *582 court judgment. Upon evidence aliunde it heard testimony and determined and adjudged that the county court was without jurisdiction as against the defendant Ely, and that in rendering judgment the county court committed error. Neither statutory authority is given, nor inherent power possessed by a district court, to vacate and set aside the judgment of a county court of another county, upon motion charging that the court rendering judgment did not acquire jurisdiction over the person of a defendant, where the judgment by its own terms recites the necessary jurisdictional facts, and where jurisdiction of the subject-matter exists. This power must be exercised by the court which rendered the judgment, and to that court, and to no other, the application to set aside the judgment should be made. Black on Judgments (2d Ed.) sec. 297; 23 Cyc. 890, 891.
The court having vacated the judgment, it is unnecessary to pass specifically upon the second motion filed, i. e., that to recall the execution. While the grounds urged for the recall of the execution were not well taken, in view of the further proceedings in this case, we may call attention to the fact that the district court of Noble county was without jurisdiction to issue an execution. That power and authority is not taken from the county court, where the judgment was rendered, but, on the contrary, is by express statute reserved to that court. Comp. Laws 1909, sec. 5941.
For the reasons stated, the judgment vacating and setting aside the judgment of the county court of Pawnee county should be reversed and remanded.
By the Court: It is so ordered. *583