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Howell v. United States
455 A.2d 1371
D.C.
1983
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*1 ders of the trial court and on whether the

second order altered or merely explained Carr,

the first. As I read it did not estab-

lish one rule for civil appeals and another appeals. for criminal short, I believe that the precedential

effect of West and Cys remains undiluted.

Because appellant did not file a notice of thirty days entry “within after

the ... order from which the

taken,” D.C.App.R. 4-II(a)(l)

added) i.e., thirty within Febru- days after — ary hold, 1982—I would basis of

West and Cys, jurisdic- this court lacks

tion to her appeal.2 entertain HOWELL,

Marquis Appellant, Stetler, D.C., Bradley Washington, S. appellant. Fisher, Atty., John R. Asst. U.S. Harris, Stanley Atty., whom S. Michael District of Columbia Court of Farrell, Mary McLaughlin, W. A. Asst. Attys., D.C., Washington, were on

Argued Sept. En Banc 1982. preargument appellee. memorandum for Decided Jan. 1983. NEWMAN, Before Chief KERN, NEBEKER, MACK, KELLY, FER- BELSON, REN, PRYOR and Judges.

NEWMAN, Judge: Chief rehearing en we consider On this 8,1981, vacat- this court’s order of October ing opinion August follow- reversing appellant’s conviction notification dismissing tunc as by Harvey D.C. v. United A.2d 36 We conclude that App., 385 direct re- appellant when an dies on the merits. jurisdiction, Kern’s 2. Were I to conclude that case and we had join majority’s disposition of would in the *2 1372 conviction,

view his appeal point. of the should reversal endures until While judgment pre- the court’s carries a trial dismissed and the entire of of sumption validity, very the essence a initio, ab and its prog- and overrule to presumption vulnerability is its refuta- eny. process provides tion. The the appellate 4, August 1981, panel On a of court this to rebut losing party opportunity with an reversed appellant’s posses- conviction able, by if he is demon- presumption, marijuana sion of and remanded invalidity the of the trial court’s strating with marijuana directions to the suppress judgment. learning evidence. the decision Upon of the defendant dies before When conviction, reversing tel- appellant’s counsel of con right has exhausted his house, ephoned only Howell’s to learn to preferable approach is clude the he had been murdered in March 1981. to the and remand the case appeal dismiss government Counsel immediately notified with directions to vacate lower court who a Suggestion counsel then filed of by the conviction and abate the objec- Death. Over counsel for approach been reason of death.1 This tion, panel dis- vacated its by variety a of federal courts. endorsed appeal missed the tunc. 508 v. 676 F.2d See United States Pauline, (11th Cir.1982); v. United States Appeals right solidly are rooted in Cir.1980); (5th 625 F.2d 684 States statutory through District of Columbia Cir.1979); Littlefield, (8th v. 682 594 F.2d 1981, and constitutional law. D.C.Code Bechtel, 1379, v. 547 F.2d United States grants right appeals 11-721 in all § Cir.1979); (9th 1380 v. Moeh United States criminal misdemeanor cases in which (7th Cir.1977). The lenkamp, 557 F.2d 126 imposed fine fifty greater. dollars or have similar courts of several states reached to right While there is no constitutional 538, Griffin, 121 Ariz. results. v. See State conviction, a criminal v. Illi Griffin (1979); People Lipira, 592 P.2d 372 v. Colo. nois, 585, 12, 18, 590, 100 351 76 S.Ct. Gomes, App., (1980); v. 621 P.2d 1389 State (1955), L.Ed. 891 a confers once statute 271, (1978); People 235 v. 57 Haw. 554 P.2d appellate right, it not be indiscrimi 76, Mazzone, 44, 23 383 74 Ill.2d Ill.Dec. nately denied. Holbrook, (1978); 947 v. 261 N.E.2d State This Court has never held that Macklin, 1978); v. (Iowa N.W.2d 480 State are to avenues establish People v. (Mo.App.1977); 69 560 S.W.2d appellate review, but it is now funda- 318, 239 Cona, App.Div.2d 60 401 N.Y.S.2d established, mental once these ave- 101, Blake, (1978); App.2d v. 53 Ohio State must free of unreasoned kept nues Clark, 260 (1977); 371 843 State N.E.2d impede open only distinctions can (S.D.1977). N.W.2d 370 equal access to the courts. [Rinaldi in Dove v. Supreme The Court’s decision 310, Yeager, 305, 384 U.S. 86 S.Ct. 325, 579, 46 States, 96 S.Ct. 423 U.S. 1497, 1500, (1966).] 16 577 L.Ed.2d (1976), overruling Durham v. L.Ed.2d 531 right A and an 28 91 401 U.S. S.Ct. components judicial process. two of the A (1971), preclude 200 L.Ed.2d not considered a involved defend- result. petition final until which is filed his certiora- any ant who died while that “death ri The Court held possibility pending. has been resolved because the was moot, troversy entirely approach it is the stat- has become 1. This in accord with duty appellate to set aside ed for the of the di- appeals appeal. and remand the cause in cases on direct decree below moot civil County, Accord See Duke Co. v. Greenwood 299 Power rections dismiss.” Munsingwear, 202, 205, 259, 267, 95 81 178 340 U.S. 71 S.Ct. 57 L.Ed. S.Ct. commented, (1936), the Court L.Ed. 36 appears upon it the con- “[w]hen pending direct review by certiora- en banc. See District Columbia Coo- [whether ri as in this case or appeal] abates not (Kern, J., per, (D.C.1982) only the appeal but also proceedings all had dissenting). particularly because in the prosecution inception.” from its 401 the court has consumed its U.S. at Dove, supra, S.Ct. at 860. take small step nowhere. *3 also involved the a petitioner death of pend- We have said that review his conviction on a writ of (D.C.1978), 385 A.2d 36 is overruled. certiorari. In brief per opinion, curiam However, one wonder for might about Court dismissed the petition have, submit, I used and we different con- stated, and the extent “[t]o cededly precise more words to declare the supra bemay inconsistent with ruling, prosecution. When legal status of the an Durham is overruled.” 423 U.S. at on a suggestion dismissed S.Ct. at supplied). record, well as the The rationale for distinguishing between record, By operation reflects that fact. cases of pending death an as of law the is abated. We now and involving cases death discre- fact simply legal any- declare what was a tionary review of a conviction is compelling. No matter what we way. how describe As the Seventh Circuit notes: case, fact unavoidable may The Supreme peti- Court dismiss the there was a tion without prejudicing [for certiorari] died and the defendant before it could be rights of an already peti- deceased affirmed or reversed. Even our tioner he already had the benefits lighter endeavors entitled their mo- of the appellate review of his conviction ments. contrast, which was entitled.

when has been taken from a

criminal conviction and death has de-

prived the accused of his right to our

decision, the justice require interests of

that he not stand convicted without reso-

lution of the merits of his

an integral part system for final- [our] ly adjudicating guilt or innocence. [his] States v. Moehlenkamp, [United BURRELL, Appellant, Robert (citations at 128 F.2d omitted).]

We view Dove as to the limited petitions certiorari the Supreme Court thus it control

present above, case.2 For the reasons noted

we order dismissed and of Columbia Court District Superior remanded to the the conviction vacated 21, 1982. Argued Oct. reason of death. 11, 1983. Decided Feb. So ordered.

NEBEKER, Associate with whom joins, concurring: KERN strange find it issue should energy

command the the court Pauline, supra; supra; United 2. Each federal court that has considered the Bechtel, supra; States v. validity and continuing effect of Dove States v. Moehlenkamp, supra. Durham concurs. See

Case Details

Case Name: Howell v. United States
Court Name: District of Columbia Court of Appeals
Date Published: Jan 26, 1983
Citation: 455 A.2d 1371
Docket Number: 80-963
Court Abbreviation: D.C.
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