88 Mo. 456 | Mo. | 1885
Plaintiff brought suit in ejectment for three hundred and seventy acres of land sold for the sum of §101.83 for taxes, assessed for the years 1873 and
Section 65 of the revenue act then in force (2 W. S., p. 1171) required that the county clerk, within ninety-days after the assessor’s book is corrected and adjusted, make a fair copy thereof, with the taxes extended therein, authenticated by the seal of the court, for the use of the collector. The copy of the assessor’s book for the year 1873 was not signed, sealed, nor in any manner authenticated by the county clerk, as required by the section already mentioned. The same lack of a certificate is shown by the tax book for 1875. It follows from these premises that the so-called tax books, not being authenticated in any manner whatever, cannot be regarded in any other light than mere unofficial lists bearing on their face none of the insignia of authority. Treating of this subject an author says : “The tax list is the warrant of the sheriff to collect the taxes, and it should be authenticated by the official certificate of the clerk as a true copy of the original list filed and recorded in his office. The list ought to be so authenticated as not only to satisfy the sheriff that it is a copy of the original, but also to appear upon inspection to the citizens to be official evidence of their liability. It would seem of necessity that a mere copy of the list, not purporting to state what it is, nor whence it comes, nor by whom made, would not answer the purposes intended by the legislature.” Blackwell on Tax Titles [4 Ed.] 193. Another author, discussing the same matter, observes i ‘ ‘ Before a collector is authorized to proceed in the collection of the taxes, he must have his warrant for the purpose, in due form of law. * * * No question is made any where of the correctness of this doctrine. Whatever may be the requisites of the warrant under the statute, care must be taken that they be observed.” Cooley on Taxation [1 Ed.] 292. ;
“The statute of Vermont required the collector to advertise the delinquent list before selling the lands of non-residents, to deposit with the town clerk the newspaper containing the advertisements, and the clerk was directed to record them at length in a book to be kept for that purpose. In Spear v. Ditty, 9 Vermont, 282, the defendant relied upon a tax title and offered in evidence the record of the town clerk, headed ‘collector’s advertisements.’ The record showed that the advertisements were simply signed, ‘ E. Spaulding,’ without the addition of the word, ‘collector.’ In the form of the ad
This court has enunciated similar views in Town of Warrensburg v. Miller, 77 Mo. 56; Ewart v. Davis, 76 Mo. 195, and State ex rel. v. Cook, 82 Mo. 185. If these views are to be taken as correct, then the collector, had he attempted to seize and sell the property under and by virtue of the unauthenticated tax list, would have been a mere trespasser, and this for the reason that in contemplation of law he had no warrant or authority for his acts. And no other conclusion can be drawn as to the invalidity of his act when he reported the delinquent list to the county court, under the provisions of section 190 of the revenue act. If he would have had no authority to act in the former case, then certainly none in the latter ; and, therefore, it must follow that his return of the delinquent list was as unauthorized and invalid as would have been a sale by the collector of personal property. Taking this as true, a necessary corollary therefrom is that the county court acquired no jurisdiction in the premises to render a judgment against, or to order a sale of, the land in question. When discussing the provisions of the revenue act, in Lagroue v. Rains, 48 Mo. 536, and of the degree of strictness in proceedings under its provisions, this court said: “Power is conferred upon the [county] court, to be exercised on certain de:
The contingencies in this case on which depended the power of the county court to act, not having happened, by reason of the fact that the collector had not been provided with a “tax book” such as the law would recognize, the county court must be held without jurisdiction in the premises and powerless to act. And it has been ruled that the tax book delivered to the collector is an essential link in the chain of procedure which ends in a perfect tax title : is as much jurisdictional as is the assessment list. McCready v. Sexton, 29 Iowa, 356 ; and this latter, unless verified as required by law, was altogether invalid, and all subsequent proceedings based thereon equally worthless. State ex rel. v. Cook, supra.
As to the binding force and effect of the judgment of the county court, it is only necessary to refer to our discussion of that subject in Ewart v. Davis, supra, and of the provisions of section 211 of the revenue act, allowing in contradiction of the validity of the sale of land for taxes the introduction in evidence of all the books, papers, and records in the county clerk’s office pertaining to the subject of taxation.
■ There are other errors assigned, but the one mentioned is regarded fatal to plaintiff’s case, and, therefore, .judgment reversed.